Liver NCLEX questions with complete solutions 100% guaranteed success.

Liver NCLEX questions with complete solutions 100% guaranteed success. Cirrhosis - correct answers. What is the main issue in cirrhosis? - correct answers.The hepatocytes, which are the main functional unit of the liver, are being destroyed. Repeated destruction of hepatic cells causes SCAR TISSUE to form on the liver ----- irreversible damage. What complications can develop from cirrhosis? - correct answers.1. Portal hypertension: Due to obstruction of blood flow 2. Ascites: Low albumin= fluid leak, capillary congestion = fluid leak 3. Esophageal varices 4. Decreased bile = less absorption of vitamins 5. Decreased Vitamin K + reduced clotting factors (2,5,9,10) increased bleeding chances 6. Jaundice: liver can't metabolize bilirubin 7. Portal system encephalopathy Nursing interventions for cirrhosis - correct answers.1. Elevate HOB to help breathing 2.High protein diet + vitamins (unless there is edema and ascites or signs of impending coma) 3. Provide vitamns: B, A, C, K + folic acid and thiamine 4. Sodium and fluid restrictions 5. Diuretics for ascites 6. Monitor I and O 7. Daily weight + abdominal girth 8. Monitor LOC 9.Monitor for asterixis 10. Monitor for fetor hepaticus 11. Monitor coagulation lab results: give vitamin K if needed 12. Be aware of meds they are taking and how these may affect the liver 13. Educate with regard to alcohol Esophageal Varices - correct answers.Dilate and tortuous veins of the esophagus, caused by portal hypertension A patient diagnosed with viral hepatitis is in the pre-icteric phase. When assessing the patient, which of these findings should the healthcare provider anticipate? CATA A. Tarry stools b. Pruritis C. Anorexia D. Dark Urine E. Nauseau - correct answers.C, E A patient infected with a hepatitis virus experiences different symptoms as the infection progresses. The term "icteric" refers to jaundice During the pre-icteric phase the patient will experience some non-specific symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, and right upper quadrant pain A patient is diagnosed with an infection caused by the hepatitis A virus. Which statement, if made by the patient, would indicate the patient needs further teaching about the infection? A "I will wash raw fruits and vegetables thoroughly before I eat them." B"Before I take any over-the-counter medicines I should call the clinic." C"I might get liver cancer someday because I have this infection." D"It's important for me to remember to wash my hands after I use the bathroom." - correct answers.C Hepatitis A virus is more common in areas that lack adequate sanitation or have poor hygiene practices. Infection with hepatitis A may be caused by eating contaminated foods such as fruits, vegetables, or shellfish. Many over-the-counter medications contain acetaminophen. Hepatitis A does not lead to chronic liver problems. A member of the clinic housekeeping staff experiences a needlestick by a contaminated needle. Which of the following should be administered by the healthcare provider to provide the patient with passive immunity against the hepatitis B virus? A. Antiviral medication B Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) C Hepatitis B vaccine D Interferon - correct answers.B Eliminate the options that interfere with viral replication, since this is not a characteristic of passive immunity. Vaccines stimulate the immune system to make antibodies. HBIG contains IgG antibodies specific to hepatitis B, providing passive immunity (which means that a person is given antibodies to a disease instead of producing them through his or her own immune system). HBIG is used for prophylaxis after exposure to the hepatitis B virus. A patient diagnosed with hepatitis develops splenomegaly. When reviewing the laboratory report, which of the following results will the healthcare provider anticipate? - correct answers.Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia is the most common hematological abnormality encountered in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD),1 occurring in 64%-84% of patients with cirrhosis or fibrosi What is thrombocytopenia? - correct answers.Low Platelet count (less than 50,000?) Normal = 150,000 - 400,000 Low platelet count (easy bruising & bleeding), nursing considerations bleeding, soft bristle tooth brush and no jumping or sharp toys. Thrombocytopenia is a condition in which you have a low blood platelet count. Platelets (thrombocytes) are colorless blood cells that help blood clot. Platelets stop bleeding by clumping and forming plugs in blood vessel injuries. A patient is admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of hepatitis. When preparing to administer intravenous medications, the healthcare provider understands that the patient's diagnosis primarily impacts which phase of pharmacokinetics?