EXAM GUIDE (HISTOLOGY NBME) 2023/2024

EXAM GUIDE (HISTOLOGY NBME) 2023/2024 rRNA is synthesized here - CORRECT ANSWER-nucleolus intercellular junction type in the intestines - CORRECT ANSWER-tight junctions emphysema in what part of the lung - CORRECT ANSWER-alveolar duct Norepi causes the production of melatonin in what location by stimulating cAMP production - CORRECT ANSWER-pinealocytes nuclear protamines are synthesized where - CORRECT ANSWER-(late stage) spermatids a protein translated on a ribosome is directed to the ER because why? - CORRECT ANSWER-a hydrophobic signal sequence is encoded into the protein at its amino terminus what causes the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle - CORRECT ANSWERestrogen cells in the basal compartment making up the blood testis (formed by Sertoli cells) effectively separate what - CORRECT ANSWER-spermatogonium three types of cells in the testis - CORRECT ANSWER-gamete forming cells: spermatogonia supporting cells: Sertoli cells hormone secreting cells: Leydig cells seminiferous tubules are the site for what - CORRECT ANSWER-germination, maturation, and transportation of sperm epidermal epithelial tissue contains what - CORRECT ANSWER-keratin changes in the cellular DNA that occurs in the spermatogenesis - CORRECT ANSWERspermatogonia (2N) ~mitosis~ primary spermatocyte (2N) ~meiosis I~ secondary spermatocyte (N) ~meiosis II~ spermatid (N) ~differentiation~ spermatozoa direct signal transduction event that follows binding of growth factor to its receptor - CORRECT ANSWER-exocytosis of constitutively secreted protein a patient overdoses on barbiturates.. what part of the cell will have an abundance - CORRECT ANSWER-SER (liver) during the final stage of secretory glycoprotein formation, before exocytosis, glycoproteins are found in what? - CORRECT ANSWER-trans Golgi complex Movement of cilia is mediated by - CORRECT ANSWER-dynein arm long straight endomentrial glands with narrow lumens - CORRECT ANSWER-- proliferative phase -diminished activity of granulosa lutein cells in the ovary differentiation of promyelocytes into neutrophil myelocytes have an abundance of what - CORRECT ANSWER-specific granules communication between cells - CORRECT ANSWER-gap junctions fenestrated capillaries are found where - CORRECT ANSWER-thyroid gland continuous capillaries are found where - CORRECT ANSWER--CNS -lung -muscle -thymus hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWERorthochromatic erthyroblast differences in the capillaries in the brain and in the gut - CORRECT ANSWER-brain does not have fenestrated capillaries in the endothelial cell membrane skeletal muscle receptor, intrafusal muscle fibers contain what - CORRECT ANSWERstretch sensitive nerve endings spherocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER-spectrin and ankyrin deficiency anti-GFAP antibodies - CORRECT ANSWER-astrocytes graft vs. host rejection is mediated by - CORRECT ANSWER-lymphocytes cause of autosomal trisomy - CORRECT ANSWER-nondisjunction during oogenesis meiosis is completed in oocyte when - CORRECT ANSWER-sperm enters into the secondary oocyte oogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER-oogonium (2N) ~mitosis~ primary oocyte ~meiosis I~ secondary oocyte ~meiosis II~ ovum the liver is an abundant organelle for detox.. which cell of the liver effected - CORRECT ANSWER-SER generation of energy in what cell - CORRECT ANSWER-mitochondria what is abundant in the fovea centralis - CORRECT ANSWER-cones cell responsible for recognition and rejection of foreign tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-T lymphocytes organelle that is absent in the axon - CORRECT ANSWER-RER cartilage that has dependent diffusion of nutrients from the synovial fluid - CORRECT ANSWER-medial meniscus myelination of the peripheral nerve - CORRECT ANSWER-Schwann cell F-actin filament is present in what type of cell - CORRECT ANSWER-microvilli tumor cells induce endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis by the secretion of what - CORRECT ANSWER-fibroblast growth factor vibrations from a tuning fork will be felt in which cells - CORRECT ANSWER-Pacinian corpuscle (skin receptors) these fibers provide the output of the cerebral cortex - CORRECT ANSWER-Purkinje's cell fibers secrete oxytocin - CORRECT ANSWER-paraventricular nuclei characteristics of terminal bronchioles - CORRECT ANSWER-Clara cells (secrete mucous and are non-ciliated) Asthma mucous source is where - CORRECT ANSWER-tertiary bronchi mucus is stained with what - CORRECT ANSWER-PAS (periodic acid shift) stain less active muscles have... - CORRECT ANSWER-increased activity of succinic dehydrogenase defects of kinesin - CORRECT ANSWER-fast axonal transport rigor mortis - CORRECT ANSWER-decrease of calcium with the myofibrils blood testis barrier - CORRECT ANSWER-Sertoli cells (associated with tight junctions) chronic administration of glucocorticoids causes a decreased thickness of what - CORRECT ANSWER-zona fasiculata (G -M) (F- G) (R- S) placental barrier - CORRECT ANSWER-made up of fibroblasts and mesenchymal cells of the chorionic villi diversion of blood away from the capillaries - CORRECT ANSWER-arteriovenous shunt most likely site of primary squamous cell carcinoma - CORRECT ANSWER-rectum epithelial lining of sweat gland duct - CORRECT ANSWER-stratified cuboidal surfactant is found in what cells - CORRECT ANSWER-type 2 pneumocytes somatostatin and growth hormone are acidic or basic - CORRECT ANSWER-they are basic, so acidophilic translocation of proteins from the ribosomes into the lipid bilayer are done by what - CORRECT ANSWER-secretory vesicles Initial glycosylation - CORRECT ANSWER-RER *final is in the golgi spontaneous muscle contraction results from - CORRECT ANSWER-decreased intracellular Ca2+ in the muscle excessive facials hair growth in females what zone of adrenal glands - CORRECT ANSWER-zona reticularis (androgen secretions) prepubertal boys.. cells in the seminiferous tubules are called what - CORRECT ANSWER-spermatogonia