CARDIAC NCLEX EXAM 1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

CARDIAC NCLEX EXAM 1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 1. A client admitted to the hospital with coronary artery disease complains of dyspnea at rest. The nurse caring for the client uses which item as the best means to monitor respiratory status on an ongoing basis? Apnea monitor Oxygen flowmeter Telemetry cardiac monitor Oxygen saturation monitor 2. A client complains of calf tenderness, and thrombophlebitis is suspected. The nurse should next assess the client for which finding? Bilateral edema Increased calf circumference Diminished distal peripheral pulses Coolness and pallor of the affected limb 3. A client has developed uncontrolled atrial fibrillation with a ventricular rate of 150 beats/min. What manifestation should the nurse observe for when performing the client's focused assessment Flat neck veins Nausea and vomiting Hypotension and dizziness Clubbed fingertips and headache 4. A client has experienced a myocardial infarction. The nurse plans care for the client, knowing that the person's chest pain is caused by tissue hypoxia in which layer of the heart? Myocardium Endocardium Parietal pericardium Visceral pericardium 5. A client has experienced an episode of pulmonary edema. The nurse determines that the client's respiratory status is improving after this episode if which breath sounds are noted? Rhonchi Wheezes Crackles in the bases Crackles throughout the lung fields 6. A client has received antidysrhythmic therapy for the treatment of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). The nurse evaluates this therapy as most effective if the client's PVCs continued to exhibit which finding? Occur in pairs Appear to be multifocal Fall on the second half of the T wave Decrease to a frequency of less than 6 per minute 7. A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of aortic regurgitation. The nurse plans care for the client, knowing that the failure of the aortic valve to close completely allows blood to flow retrograde through which structures? Aorta to left ventricle Left ventricle to left atrium Right ventricle to right atrium Pulmonary artery to right ventricle 10. A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of mitral stenosis. The narrowing of this valve will impede circulation of blood through which structures? Left ventricle to aorta Left atrium to left ventricle Right atrium to right ventricle Right ventricle to pulmonary artery 11. A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pericarditis. The nurse should assess the client for which manifestation that differentiates pericarditis from other cardiopulmonary problems? Anterior chest pain Pericardial friction rub Weakness and irritability Chest pain that worsens on inspiration 12. A client is admitted to the visiting nurse service for assessment and follow-up after being discharged from the hospital with new-onset heart failure (HF). The nurse teaches the client about the dietary restrictions required with HF. Which statement by the client indicates that further teaching is needed? "I'm not supposed to eat cold cuts." "I can have most fresh fruits and vegetables." "I'm going to weigh myself daily to be sure I don't gain too much fluid." "I'm going to have a ham and cheese sandwich and potato chips for lunch." 13. A client is having frequent premature ventricular contractions. The nurse should place priority on assessment of which item? Sensation of palpitations Causative factors, such as caffeine Precipitating factors, such as infection Blood pressure and oxygen saturation 14. A client is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization to diagnose the extent of coronary artery disease. The nurse places highest priority on telling the client to report which sensation during the procedure? Chest pain Urge to cough Warm, flushed feeling Pressure at the insertion site 15. A client is seen in the emergency department for complaints of chest pain that began 3 hours ago. The nurse should suspect myocardial injury or infarction if which laboratory value came back elevated? Myoglobin Cardiac troponin C-reactive protein Creatine kinase (CK) 16. A client is wearing a continuous cardiac monitor, which begins to sound its alarm. A nurse sees no electrocardiog on the screen. Which is the priority action of the nurse? Call a code. Call the health care provider. Check the client's status and lead placement. Press the recorder button on the electrocardiogram console. 17. A client recovering from an exacerbation of left-sided heart failure is experiencing activity intolerance. Which signs during activity would be the best indicator that the client is tolerating mild exercise? Oxygen saturation decreased from 96% to 91%. Pulse rate increased from 80 to 104 beats per minute. Blood pressure decreased from 140/86 to 112/72 mm Hg. Respiratory rate increased from 16 to 19 breaths per minute. 18. A client recovering from pulmonary edema is preparing for discharge. What should the nurse plan to teach th manage or prevent recurrent symptoms after discharge? Sleep with the head of bed flat. Weigh himself or herself on a daily basis. Take a double dose of the diuretic if peripheral edema is noted. Withhold prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) if slight respiratory distress occurs. 19. A client's electrocardiogram (ECG) strip shows atrial and ventricular rates of 70 complexes/min. The PR interv the QRS complex measures 0.06 second, and the PP interval is slightly irregular. How should the nurse interpret t Sinus tachycardia