PPCT Use of Force Exam 2023/2024
Latest Test Questions With Correct
Answers Well Elaborated
Explain the history of the Pressure Point Control Technique System. - Answer PPCT
stands for Pressure Point Control Tactics. PPCT was founded in 1979 by Bruce Siddle.
PPCT Management Systems is a corporation that specializes in providing research
based training for law enforcement, military, corrections, and industrial security,
designed to minimize the ever present risk of liability. The PPCT Training System has
been a great success and has been adopted by many major agencies in this country
and the world.
Identify the components of acceptability - Answer Tactically - From a Tactical
Standpoint
Medically
Legally
Tactically - From a Tactical Standpoint - Answer All of the techniques within the PPCT
System are designed around the "Three Minute Rule," which means if an officer cannot
learn the basic mechanics of a technique in three minutes or less, in all probability, the
officer will not be able to retain or use the technique in the stress of an actual
resistance. Hick's Law states that "less is best."
Stimulus-response training is direct or indirect training that may determine one's actions
under stress. Currently there are three methods of training when survival skills are
taught. They are: Static Training - Where gross muscle movement is taught without any
stimulus initiating action. Techniques are practiced in a slow motion manner without any
type of stimulated resistance allowed. No more than 25 repetitions should be needed.
Fluid Training - Practicing a technique that is now accompanied by stimulated but
relaxed resistance. The resistor gives the officer the most common type of resistance
that is applicable to the control method being practiced. This type of training shortens
the officer's reaction time and prevents mental stalls. Dynamic Training - This phase of
training is designed to duplicate actual resistance the officers may incur. Dynamic
training must be practiced with restraints and supervision to prevent injury, or keep
injury to a minimum. One benefit is that this type of stimulation separates techniques
into those that work and "those that work only in the gym."
The techniques implemented are all gross motor skills. There are three categories of
motor skills: Gross Motor Skills - Large muscle movement; explosive or strength events
(ex. Squat, thrust); pushing and pulling muscles; working on appendages (legs and
arms); five or less repetitions needed. Fine Motor Skills - Small muscle movement;
dexterity skills and accuracy skills (fingers and hands); typing and playing piano.
Complex Motor Skills - Series of movements; hand/eye coordination skills (ex. Shooting,
hitting baseball, child walking, riding a bike).
, Stress is a matter of perception, but it is known that competency based training (skills
used on street) which will usually be gross motor skills are those that will be used the
most in high stress situations.
Medically - Answer The PPCT System is the first of its kind to completely explore the
medical implications of each technique. The techniques are broken down into two
categories: Normal Use - Technique used at normal speed with no resistance.
Accelerated Use - Technique done at full speed and with full resistance.
In an officer's use of force, as it relates to the in-custody death of a subject, one or more
of the risks listed below was a contributing factor.
1. Heavy alcohol intoxication
2. Extraordinary physical strength
3. Poor color
4. Panic
5. Hyperthermia - red face and high body temperature
6. Sudden tranquility or lethargy
7. Paranoia
8. Cocaine intoxication
9. Obesity - large bellies
10. Aggressive or bizarre behavior
11. Apparent ineffectiveness of chemical spray
The officer should also be aware of the possibility of a subject hyperventilating.
Continued rapid breathing or any breathing difficulty may result in the subject losing
consciousness. If the officer is unable to restore normal breathing, he/she should
summons medical assistance. In case of unconsciousness, subject should be treated by
EMS.
Custody related deaths
1. Positional Asphyxia - A lack of oxygen and increase in carbon dioxide in the blood of
the subject, brought about by a subject being in a position that restricts breathing.
2. Cocaine Induced Excited Delirium - Also called cocaine psychosis.
3. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) - Characteristics are similar to cocaine
induced excited delirium but NMS usually occurs in psychiatric patients who are taking
anti-psychotic medication
4. Cocaine Abuse/Toxicity - Cocaine is an agent that stimulates both the central
nervous and cardiovascular systems. Cocaine constricts blood vessels, elevates heart
rate, raises blood pressure, and increases body temperature.
5. Excited Delirium - a state of extreme mental and physiological excitement,
characterized by extreme agitation, hyperthermia, hostility, exceptional strength, and
endurance without apparent fatigue.
Legally - Answer PPCT has developed a force continuum based upon existing non-
lethal force and lethal force case law. From this research, the PPCT Force Continuum
was designed to teach officers what methods of control are reasonable for specific
types of resistance.
Latest Test Questions With Correct
Answers Well Elaborated
Explain the history of the Pressure Point Control Technique System. - Answer PPCT
stands for Pressure Point Control Tactics. PPCT was founded in 1979 by Bruce Siddle.
PPCT Management Systems is a corporation that specializes in providing research
based training for law enforcement, military, corrections, and industrial security,
designed to minimize the ever present risk of liability. The PPCT Training System has
been a great success and has been adopted by many major agencies in this country
and the world.
Identify the components of acceptability - Answer Tactically - From a Tactical
Standpoint
Medically
Legally
Tactically - From a Tactical Standpoint - Answer All of the techniques within the PPCT
System are designed around the "Three Minute Rule," which means if an officer cannot
learn the basic mechanics of a technique in three minutes or less, in all probability, the
officer will not be able to retain or use the technique in the stress of an actual
resistance. Hick's Law states that "less is best."
Stimulus-response training is direct or indirect training that may determine one's actions
under stress. Currently there are three methods of training when survival skills are
taught. They are: Static Training - Where gross muscle movement is taught without any
stimulus initiating action. Techniques are practiced in a slow motion manner without any
type of stimulated resistance allowed. No more than 25 repetitions should be needed.
Fluid Training - Practicing a technique that is now accompanied by stimulated but
relaxed resistance. The resistor gives the officer the most common type of resistance
that is applicable to the control method being practiced. This type of training shortens
the officer's reaction time and prevents mental stalls. Dynamic Training - This phase of
training is designed to duplicate actual resistance the officers may incur. Dynamic
training must be practiced with restraints and supervision to prevent injury, or keep
injury to a minimum. One benefit is that this type of stimulation separates techniques
into those that work and "those that work only in the gym."
The techniques implemented are all gross motor skills. There are three categories of
motor skills: Gross Motor Skills - Large muscle movement; explosive or strength events
(ex. Squat, thrust); pushing and pulling muscles; working on appendages (legs and
arms); five or less repetitions needed. Fine Motor Skills - Small muscle movement;
dexterity skills and accuracy skills (fingers and hands); typing and playing piano.
Complex Motor Skills - Series of movements; hand/eye coordination skills (ex. Shooting,
hitting baseball, child walking, riding a bike).
, Stress is a matter of perception, but it is known that competency based training (skills
used on street) which will usually be gross motor skills are those that will be used the
most in high stress situations.
Medically - Answer The PPCT System is the first of its kind to completely explore the
medical implications of each technique. The techniques are broken down into two
categories: Normal Use - Technique used at normal speed with no resistance.
Accelerated Use - Technique done at full speed and with full resistance.
In an officer's use of force, as it relates to the in-custody death of a subject, one or more
of the risks listed below was a contributing factor.
1. Heavy alcohol intoxication
2. Extraordinary physical strength
3. Poor color
4. Panic
5. Hyperthermia - red face and high body temperature
6. Sudden tranquility or lethargy
7. Paranoia
8. Cocaine intoxication
9. Obesity - large bellies
10. Aggressive or bizarre behavior
11. Apparent ineffectiveness of chemical spray
The officer should also be aware of the possibility of a subject hyperventilating.
Continued rapid breathing or any breathing difficulty may result in the subject losing
consciousness. If the officer is unable to restore normal breathing, he/she should
summons medical assistance. In case of unconsciousness, subject should be treated by
EMS.
Custody related deaths
1. Positional Asphyxia - A lack of oxygen and increase in carbon dioxide in the blood of
the subject, brought about by a subject being in a position that restricts breathing.
2. Cocaine Induced Excited Delirium - Also called cocaine psychosis.
3. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) - Characteristics are similar to cocaine
induced excited delirium but NMS usually occurs in psychiatric patients who are taking
anti-psychotic medication
4. Cocaine Abuse/Toxicity - Cocaine is an agent that stimulates both the central
nervous and cardiovascular systems. Cocaine constricts blood vessels, elevates heart
rate, raises blood pressure, and increases body temperature.
5. Excited Delirium - a state of extreme mental and physiological excitement,
characterized by extreme agitation, hyperthermia, hostility, exceptional strength, and
endurance without apparent fatigue.
Legally - Answer PPCT has developed a force continuum based upon existing non-
lethal force and lethal force case law. From this research, the PPCT Force Continuum
was designed to teach officers what methods of control are reasonable for specific
types of resistance.
