Student Exploration: Calorimetry Lab

Student Exploration: Calorimetry Lab Vocabulary: calorie, calorimeter, joule, specific heat capacity Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. The Latin word calor means “heat,” and meter comes from the Greek word meaning “to measure.” What do you think a calorimeter does? to measure heat 2. Where have you heard the word calorie before? What do you think a calorie is? _when looking at the nutritional facts on the back of a_food container Gizmo Warm-up A calorimeter is an insulated container filled with a liquid, usually water. When a hot object is placed in the calorimeter, heat energy is transferred from the object to the water and the water heats up. Calorimeters can be used to find a substance’s specific heat capacity. You will use the Calorimetry Lab Gizmo to determine the specific heat capacities of various substances. 1. On the SIMULATION pane, select Copper. Use the slider to set its Mass to 200 g. Set the Water mass to 200 g. Check that the Water temp is set to 30.0 °C and the copper’s Temp is 90 °C. Select the GRAPH tab, and click Play ( ). A. What was the Final temperature of the copper and the water? _34.96 B. How much did the temperature of the copper change? _55.04 C. How much did the temperature of the water change? _4.96 2. Specific heat capacity can be described as a substance’s resistance to temperature changes. Which substance has a greater specific heat capacity, copper or water? Explain. _water, because its temperature only changed by 4.96 compared to 55.04 2018 Activity A: Heat transfer Get the Gizmo ready: ● Click Reset ( ). Question: What factors determine how heat energy transfers between objects? 1. Predict: In the Gizmo warm-up, you saw how 200 g of 90 °C copper transfers heat to 200 g of 30.0 °C water. A. How do you think increasing the water’s mass would affect the final temperature? I think that will make the temperature drop B. How do you think decreasing the copper’s mass would affect the final temperature? I think temperature will also drop C. How do you think increasing or decreasing the copper’s initial temperature would affect the final temperature? _It_wouldn't affect it that much _since the specific heat capacity is larger on water 2. Collect data: Use the Gizmo to determine the final temperature for each set-up listed below. Record your results in the tables. In the first table, you experiment with changing the water’s mass. In the second table, you change the copper’s mass. In the third table, you change the initial temperature of the copper. The first row of each table has been completed for you. Copper Water Final Temp. Initial Temp. (°C) Mass (g) Initial Temp. (°C) Mass (g) (°C) 3. 90 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 200 g 34.96 °C 90 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 2,000 g 30.54 4. 90 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 200 g 34.96 °C 90 °C 20 g 30.0 °C 200 g 30.54 2018 5. 90 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 200 g 34.96 °C 100 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 200 g 35.79 50 °C 200 g 30.0 °C 200 g 31.65 (Activity A continued on next page) 2018 Activity A (continued from previous page) 3. Analyze: For each factor listed in the chart below, explain how the final temperature was changed and why you think that change occurred. A. What was the effect of increasing the water’s mass? _the temp. drops quicker B. What was the effect of decreasing the copper’s mass? _Its specific heat capacity becomes weaker. C. What was the effect of changing the initial temperature of the copper? _it_doesn't have much to resist so the temp. drops 4. Draw conclusions: The amount that the water’s temperature increases depends on the mass of the water and the amount of heat energy in the copper. A. How does changing the initial mass of the copper affect how much heat energy it has? _i _think its the most important part; how much mass the object has. the _more mass, the longer the temperature will last. B. How does changing the initial temperature of the copper affect how much heat energy it has? _it doesn't affect the amount of heat energy as much. Its more about the mass. 5. Apply: Many gyms and health clubs have steam saunas, which are small steam-filled rooms. Traditionally, steam saunas have a container of heated rocks. A small ladle of water is poured on the rocks in order to make the steam