CIC Study Guide Practice Test 1 (A+ Graded Already)

133. All of the following would be considered prevention strategies to reduce the transmission of infections in a healthcare setting except: a. Implementing an influenza vaccine program for employees b. Educating staff members in PPE usage c. Decolonization of MRSA-positive patients prior to surgery d. Instituting use of bleach for cleaning C. difficil correct answers 133. C Decolonization of MRSA-positive patients prior to surgery Rationale: Prevention strategies in healthcare infection prevention are wide ranging and depend on the disease in question and what information is available to the practitioner. Prevention strategies to reduce the risk of transmission, including barrier precautions; immunizations of HCP; and cleaning, sterilization, and disinfection are designed to prevent the occurrence of disease and, therefore, form primary prevention measures. Current decolonization protocols using intranasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine body washes are effective for reducing MRSA colonization in surgical patients. The purpose of this treatment is to prevent SSIs in the individual patients. It is not designed to prevent the spread of MRSA to other patients. 1. The bacterium most likely to be transmitted from mother to infant during labor and cause neonatal sepsis is: a. Escherichia coli b. Staphylococcus aureus c. Group B Streptococcus d. Group A Streptococcus correct answers 1. C Group B Streptococcus Rationale: In Group B Streptococcus (GBS) neonatal infections, heavy maternal colonization is associated with an increased risk for preterm labor, which in turn is a significant risk actor for neonatal infection. Intrauterine infection of the fetus therefore likely occurs via ascending spread of GBS from the vagina of a pregnant, asymptomatically colonized woman and subsequent rupture of membranes before 37 weeks' gestation. 2. Which of the following is an example of the criterion of "Strength of the Association" from Hill's criteria for causation? a. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficil infection, the odds ratio was 2:3 b. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficil infection, the authors' conclusions are consistent with those of three other studies c. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficil infection, antibiotic therapy began an average of 3 weeks before C. difficil infection developed d. In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficil infection, prolonged antibiotic therapy was a greater risk factor for C. difficil infection than short-term antibiotic therapy correct answers 2. A In a study of the association between antibiotic exposure and development of C. difficil infection, the odds ratio was 2:3