edexcel a level geography paper 2 - advanced information

edexcel a level geography paper 2 - advanced information Advantages and disadvantages of globalisation - ANS + Availability of information, increased world trade, prevent conflicts through understanding culture (westernisation) and drive improvement through competition and collaboration - shrinking world - Partially controlled by TNCs, interconnected markets can harm poorer economies, economies can become dependant on superpowers and fraud/cyber crime Development of jet aircraft has created a 'shrinking world' - ANS The first International Boeing 747 flight was in 1960, reducing transport costs, so flights became more affordable for customers in a distant market, e.g., EasyJet's rapid growth created a thirst for international tourism. Reduced travel time to hours, rather than days on steam ships What are the advantages of containerisation for trade? - ANS Lower transport loading costs, making consumer goods cheaper, fewer thefts of goods, lower insurance costs, fewer dock labourers because of its autonomy and increasing efficiency The world's fleet of 9500 container ships can carry up to 18,000 20 foot shipping containers each Communications developments and time-space compression - ANS Reduced communication costs and increased global communication flows, improved by satellite technology and fibre-optic cables Computers and the internet - coordination of business in different countries, and rise of global brands and social media - 65% of the world use the internet Mobile phones - extended info flows and reduced costs, expanding usage to an ubiquitous consumer product, even used in countries with a lack of communications infrastructure, eg, by 2015, 70% of Africa owned a mobile Governments and organisations and their role in globalisation