Forensic Science HOSA Latest 2023

Forensic Science HOSA Latest 2023 definition of pathology study of disease definition of pathologist medical diagnostician (doctor''s doctor) determines patient's diagnosis definition of anatomic pathology science of analyzing tissue structure from a wide variety of specimens (biopsies and autopsy) definition of cytopathology (cylo=cell) subspecialty of anatomic pathology, but microscopic diagnosis is made by examination of individual cells (collected through procedures from fluids and tissues) definition of clinical pathology involves the analysis and interpretation of chemical, hormonal, and biochemical components of body fluids to determine whether a disease is present definition of microbiology involves testing and diagnosis of material to determine which infectious organism (bacteria, fungus, virus, parasite) is infecting or infesting the patient definition of hematopathology (blood) focuses on diagnosis of disease of blood and blood forming organs definition of neuropathologist diseases of nervous system definition of dermapathology diseases of skin forensic pathology main diagnosis effort is to determine cause of death and how death occurred definition of toxicologist examines samples of tissues obtained during autopsy to determine what drugs (legal and illegal) or poisons are in the body as well as location and quantity what are the 5 manners of deaths? natural, accident, suicide, homicide, undetermined what is meant by the natural manner of death? refers to death due to medical issues what is meant by the accidental manner of death? result of unexpected, unforeseen and unintended fatal event what is meant by the suicidal manner of death? intentional killing of one's self what is meant by the homicidal manner of death? intentional killing by another person what is meant by the undetermined manner of death? when case of death can't be explained definition of hoximate cause of death initial incident of art that set into motion, person's death (proximate cause of death must be identified) definition of immediate cause of death thing that caused death (nothing leading up to event); aka mechanism of death definition of autopsy meticulously performed procedure that is much more extensive what are the two parts of an autopsy? internal and external definition of an external autopsy head-to-toe inspection of body (hair, tattoos, color of eyes, etc.); pictures are taken often with a ruler definition of an internal autopsy (men have a Y-shaped incision; women have a T-shaped incision); organs are removed and dissected; pleural cavities are examined for blood and fluid and tumors; pericardium is removed; pulmonary blood vessels are examined; heart valves are examined and measured; all organs are removed and dissected; contents of stomach are noted; a tend of autopsy samples of blood, urine, kidney, liver, brain, bile and gastric contents are collected and saved for toxicological exam definition of anoxic caused by the loss of RBC's; death from asphyxia/anoxic occur when breathing is stopped definition of smothering due to mechanical obstruction of the upper airway by an object definition of strangulation outside of the neck is constricted; leads abrasion-like marks on skin; petechial hemorrhages on face and conjunctiva of the inner eyelids are often associated with strangulation and smothering definition of petechial hemorrhages discrete bleeding points about the size of a pin that result from bleeding of capillaries; environmental causes include drowning, sometimes monoxide poisoning; drowning has several phases and can be identified if body has H2O in not only lungs but also stomach what are the 4 asphyxia/anoxic deaths? anoxic, smothering, strangulation, petechial hemorrhages what are the 3 violent deaths through physical injury? blunt, defense wound, hesitation wound definition of blunt force injuries; usually caused by an object staking the body; usually cause contusions of the soft tissues (bruise); lacerations can be left if force is great enough; can also be seen in internal organs/in broken bones definition of defense wound usually one or more cuts or slashes found on the arms, hands, fingers, shows signs of a struggle definition of a hesitation wound one of the parallel directed, superficial cuts found o wrists or neck of the deceased mark by the person him or herself; penetrating injuries, such as bullets, knives, and other objects; electrical injuries; thermal injuries, exposure to heat, cold, and fire death due to fire arms autopsy retrieves bullet so that ballistics experts can determine firearm used and match the specific bullet to a certain gun; determines trajectory (path by bullet) and any entrance and exit wounds definition of arson fires that are intentionally set; being struck by lightning leaves a tree mark pattern on skin definition of chain of custody tracking system used to