HBEDECS EXAM PACK 2023

HBEDECS EXAM PACK
2023




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,Question 2 A Name: Suvana
1. Define in your own words what Comparative education is all about (5)
 Comparative education
o offers benchmarks by which to critic the presentation of education systems.
o It displays what is conceivable by groping substitutes to provision.
o Via watching experience in several nations, it labels what might be the consequences of
certain courses of action.
o It Has significant, helpful and instructional parts to play in the advancement of any
strategies for educational transformation.
 Aid in resolution making:
o Comparative education shows us that our complications are not exclusive.
o Experiences of other countries can nourish unswervingly into policy creations plus
judgment creation in our own nation.
 Comparative standards:
o It delivers to approximation, the standing of a particular country, in relation to other
countries on educational matters that are of attention.
 Remedies, misconceptions
o It elucidates and modifies misunderstandings that could be supposed as certainty by
people.
 From particular to general-
o This helps us move from being aware of one massive thing and allows us to be aware of
heaps of diminutive things.
 Abuses of Comparative Education:
o It is rather excellent to end segregation of public due to race.
o At times we need to consider the fact that what may work for one country may never
even slightly work for the other country.
o We cannot adopt just anything and follow suit as another country may be doing due to
the fact that situations vary and therefore decisions need to be taken in accordance.
o There can be a grave exploitation of Comparative education when people are unaware
on how to construe information or willfully control information to attend to their own
welfares.

2. Briefly outline the main characteristics of both qualitative and quantitative
research approaches in the field of comparative and international education
(5)
 Quantitative research
 Is to explain and thus to predict the relationship between objects and events.
 The aim is to classify features, count them, and construct statistical models in an attempt
to explain what is observed.
 A quantitative research design for this particular research falls under four categories;
namely
o descriptive research,
o correlational research,
o casual research or
o experimental research.
 Qualitative research
 is the understanding of the reality of individual or groups and the results are presented in
a natural language.
 This type seeks to explore and explain phenomena from those who are studied.
 The four categories of research are;
o phenomenological research,
o case study research,
o ethnographic research or
o grounded theory research.

, Question 2 B Name: Hannelie
Education and Schooling are value- laden practices
Write a short essay to explain in your own words what the purpose
of schooling are and how a framework of ethics can assist teachers
and learners to fulfil theses purposes of schooling and thus to
benefit society (20)
Purpose of schooling:

 They prepare people for the world of work (economic value for the country)
 Enhance nation-building and citizenship (political goal)
 Teaches democratic values to children and young adults (public education which is a
political vehicle)
 Provides a teaching and learning environment(educational goal)
 Helps develop the individual l(educational goal)

Framework of Ethics:

 Ethics refers to the study of values, more specifically in the context educational values
 Ethics are well founded standards that make the action right or wrong.
 It helps categorize different values such as integrity, discipline and honesty among others
and apply them in daily lives. Ethics influences behavior and allows an individual to make
right choices.
 Christie(2008:210-216) proposed the framework of ethics in various spheres of society and
education. She mentioned the following key points:

1. Ethics to commitment to intellectual rigour

 Teachers should teach students to use their minds as well as their hearts in striving towards
intellectual rigour.
 This means that both students and teachers should strive and be aware of weighing
evidence and arguments. Arguments should not be bias to any political position, rather be
of intellectual vigilance and integrity.
 By doing this, issue of power, knowledge and moral dilemmas can be addressed positively.
 The state should provide:
o proper infrastructure
o a feasible curriculum
o minimum standards
o governance training for principals
o and competence to manage the logistics of education provision
 Therefore, polices and government plans cannot overshadow the responsibility and
autonomy that teachers need to demonstrate. These include:
o *professional conduct
o *adequate subject knowledge
o *discipline actions
o *a sense of wholeness

2. Ethics of civility
 Education should prepare young people for participation in public life.
 Learners need to learn to share the same public realm. Treating others with respect and
care
 ls an important part of being a good citizen and is a load-bearing beam that provides a