MUSCLES
INTRODUCTION:
• 3 Types:
• Voluntary- Conscious doing (lift arm)
• Involuntary- Not conscious (blinking)
• Cardiac- Specialized muscle (heartbeat)
• Muscle attachments:
• Attach to bone
• Fibres connect via connective tissue
• Bone - tendon
• Muscle - aponeurosis
• Nomenclature: Commented [ll1]: NBNB
Is there a bone named after muscle? X = location Y = bone(s) attached to
1. Shape - delta ( ) / trapezius (Table)
2. Fibre direction - oblique (internal oblique) / erect (rectus abdominis)
3. Location - brachialis (brachium) / supraspinatus (supraspinatus fossa)
4. Movement - pronator teres / flexor carpi radialis
5. Number of attachments - triceps / biceps
6. Bone(s) attached to - coracobrachialis (coracoid process and arm) /
sternocleidomastoid (sternum/clavicle/mastoid process)
• How muscles work:
• Muscles pull not push!!!
• Origin - proximal - where attaches - no landmarks - powerhouse/anchor/strength
• Insertion - distal - action will be - landmarks
• Act FROM INSERTION onto origin - CANNOT be on same bone (no
action/pull/movement)
, • Most muscles of brachium originate from the scapula
• Most muscles of scapula originate on the thorax
THE UPPER LIMB: Commented [ll2]: Identify all+action+innervation
Can ask to describe= everything
List
Follow up questions
LQ
ROTATOR CUFF: Describe everything !!!!!!!!
TRAPEZIUS Commented [ll3]: NB Everything
• Origin:
• Med. 1/3 of Sup. nuchal line
• Nuchal lig.
• Spinous process (C7 - T12)
• Insertion:
• Upper fibres - lat. 1/3 of clavicle
• Middle fibres - acromion/scapula spine
• Lower fibres - tubercle of scapula spine
• Action:
• Shoulder elevation (Upper fibres)
• Shoulder retraction (Middle fibres)
• Shoulder depression (Lower fibres)
• Innervation:
• Accessory nerve
, LEVATOR SCAPULAE Commented [ll4]: Everything
• Origin:
• 4 slips on C1-C4 transverse processes
• Insertion:
• Med. border of scapula
• Action:
• Shoulder elevation
• Innervation:
• Branches of C3-C5
• Dorsal scapular/cervical
RHOMBOID MINOR/MAJOR
• Origin:
• T1-T4 spinous processes
• Lower end of nuchal lig.
• Insertion:
• Med. border of scapula
• Inf. to scapula spine
• Action:
• Holds scapula against thoracic wall
• Retraction of scapula
• Innervation:
• Dorsal scapular (C5)
, SERRATUS ANTERIOR
• Origin:
• Finger like processes from ribs 1-8
• Insertion:
• Med. side of scapula costal surface
• Action:
• Holds scapula against thoracic wall
• Protraction of scapula
• Scapula rotation during abduction
• Innervation:
• Long Thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
SUBCLAVIUS
• Origin:
• First rib/cartilage
• Insertion:
• Inf. surface of clavicle middle 1/3
• Action:
• Anchors/depresses clavicle
• Innervation:
• Nerve to subclavius (C5)
INTRODUCTION:
• 3 Types:
• Voluntary- Conscious doing (lift arm)
• Involuntary- Not conscious (blinking)
• Cardiac- Specialized muscle (heartbeat)
• Muscle attachments:
• Attach to bone
• Fibres connect via connective tissue
• Bone - tendon
• Muscle - aponeurosis
• Nomenclature: Commented [ll1]: NBNB
Is there a bone named after muscle? X = location Y = bone(s) attached to
1. Shape - delta ( ) / trapezius (Table)
2. Fibre direction - oblique (internal oblique) / erect (rectus abdominis)
3. Location - brachialis (brachium) / supraspinatus (supraspinatus fossa)
4. Movement - pronator teres / flexor carpi radialis
5. Number of attachments - triceps / biceps
6. Bone(s) attached to - coracobrachialis (coracoid process and arm) /
sternocleidomastoid (sternum/clavicle/mastoid process)
• How muscles work:
• Muscles pull not push!!!
• Origin - proximal - where attaches - no landmarks - powerhouse/anchor/strength
• Insertion - distal - action will be - landmarks
• Act FROM INSERTION onto origin - CANNOT be on same bone (no
action/pull/movement)
, • Most muscles of brachium originate from the scapula
• Most muscles of scapula originate on the thorax
THE UPPER LIMB: Commented [ll2]: Identify all+action+innervation
Can ask to describe= everything
List
Follow up questions
LQ
ROTATOR CUFF: Describe everything !!!!!!!!
TRAPEZIUS Commented [ll3]: NB Everything
• Origin:
• Med. 1/3 of Sup. nuchal line
• Nuchal lig.
• Spinous process (C7 - T12)
• Insertion:
• Upper fibres - lat. 1/3 of clavicle
• Middle fibres - acromion/scapula spine
• Lower fibres - tubercle of scapula spine
• Action:
• Shoulder elevation (Upper fibres)
• Shoulder retraction (Middle fibres)
• Shoulder depression (Lower fibres)
• Innervation:
• Accessory nerve
, LEVATOR SCAPULAE Commented [ll4]: Everything
• Origin:
• 4 slips on C1-C4 transverse processes
• Insertion:
• Med. border of scapula
• Action:
• Shoulder elevation
• Innervation:
• Branches of C3-C5
• Dorsal scapular/cervical
RHOMBOID MINOR/MAJOR
• Origin:
• T1-T4 spinous processes
• Lower end of nuchal lig.
• Insertion:
• Med. border of scapula
• Inf. to scapula spine
• Action:
• Holds scapula against thoracic wall
• Retraction of scapula
• Innervation:
• Dorsal scapular (C5)
, SERRATUS ANTERIOR
• Origin:
• Finger like processes from ribs 1-8
• Insertion:
• Med. side of scapula costal surface
• Action:
• Holds scapula against thoracic wall
• Protraction of scapula
• Scapula rotation during abduction
• Innervation:
• Long Thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
SUBCLAVIUS
• Origin:
• First rib/cartilage
• Insertion:
• Inf. surface of clavicle middle 1/3
• Action:
• Anchors/depresses clavicle
• Innervation:
• Nerve to subclavius (C5)
