,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01_2e
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Many psychologists hold academic jobs in universities and run studies to enhance the understanding of
behavior and mental processes. Into which category of specialization in psychology would these educators
MOST likely fall?
a. education
b. applied
c. clinical
d. basic research
2. In experimental research, the group of participants who receive the treatment that is the focus of the study is
the _____ group.
a. independent
b. dependent
c. experimental
d. control
3. _____ is the mistaken belief that when two variables correlate strongly with each other, one variable made
the other variable change.
a. Confirmation bias
b. Correlation–causation fallacy
c. Authority fallacy
d. Black-or-white fallacy
4. The tendency to maintain a belief even when evidence suggests it is incorrect is called:
a. critical thinking.
b. confirmation bias.
c. belief perseverance.
d. common sense.
5. Dr. Cartwright studies sleeping patterns of individuals who are having difficulty sleeping. These patients come
into his office and spend the night attached to monitors and cameras, and then Dr. Cartwright analyzes their
sleep patterns. This is an example of a(n):
a. naturalistic observation.
b. case study.
c. laboratory observation.
d. exploratory observation.
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01_2e
6. _____ psychology is an applied specialization in which psychologists focus on the wellness of large segments
of the population.
a. Clinical
b. Forensic
c. Educational
d. Community
7. Dr. Sampson is studying the effects of caffeine on hunger. He hypothesizes that people who ingest more
caffeine experience less hunger pangs throughout the day. He designs a study where one group of
participants is given caffeine throughout the day, and the other group is not allowed to have any caffeine. He
then has the two groups journal their hunger pangs throughout the day and he compares the results. In this
study, the experimental group consists of the participants who:
a. were not allowed caffeine.
b. had the most hunger pangs.
c. did not have any hunger pangs.
d. were given the caffeine.
8. Psychology is different from philosophy in that psychology:
a. is grounded in opinions and insights.
b. cannot be tested.
c. does not ask questions about human behavior.
d. is grounded in science rather than speculation.
9. As a field and as a profession, psychology is _____ and _____.
a. specialized; small
b. immense; diverse
c. opinionated; specialized
d. specialized; judgmental
10. In general, applied psychologists practice, while basic research psychologists:
a. conduct therapy.
b. run studies.
c. write books.
d. teach classes.
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, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01_2e
11. Psychological research must be conducted ethically. This requirement comes from multiple sources, including
the:
a. psychologist conducting the research.
b. American Psychological Association.
c. peer review board.
d. American Sociological Association.
12. Pedro started to have trouble focusing on his work after he began taking a mood-stabilizing medication. He
is also experiencing more difficulty sleeping than before. Who would Pedro MOST likely speak to about his
new issues regarding the effects of his prescribed medication?
a. clinical psychologist
b. psychiatrist
c. forensic psychologist
d. counseling psychologist
13. When Jaren went to a psychologist for help with his phobia of spiders, the psychologist explained that his
phobia was a result of our ancestors' fears. This explanation would most likely come from what type of
psychologist?
a. behavioral
b. humanistic
c. evolutionary
d. multicultural
14. Dr. Long is conducting research with some of his patients. He asks them to keep a journal and write about
mental activities that they participate in, as well as their reactions to certain stimuli. This process is closely
related to Wundt's approach known as:
a. psychological confessions.
b. literary analysis.
c. journaling.
d. introspection.
15. Which statement is true about the history of psychology?
a. Psychology is a global science with a global history.
b. Psychology was confined to Europe until it traveled to the United States.
c. Psychology is recognized in only a few countries around the world.
d. Psychology historically has always been a small field.
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Chap 01_2e
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Many psychologists hold academic jobs in universities and run studies to enhance the understanding of
behavior and mental processes. Into which category of specialization in psychology would these educators
MOST likely fall?
a. education
b. applied
c. clinical
d. basic research
2. In experimental research, the group of participants who receive the treatment that is the focus of the study is
the _____ group.
a. independent
b. dependent
c. experimental
d. control
3. _____ is the mistaken belief that when two variables correlate strongly with each other, one variable made
the other variable change.
a. Confirmation bias
b. Correlation–causation fallacy
c. Authority fallacy
d. Black-or-white fallacy
4. The tendency to maintain a belief even when evidence suggests it is incorrect is called:
a. critical thinking.
b. confirmation bias.
c. belief perseverance.
d. common sense.
5. Dr. Cartwright studies sleeping patterns of individuals who are having difficulty sleeping. These patients come
into his office and spend the night attached to monitors and cameras, and then Dr. Cartwright analyzes their
sleep patterns. This is an example of a(n):
a. naturalistic observation.
b. case study.
c. laboratory observation.
d. exploratory observation.
Copyright Macmillan Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01_2e
6. _____ psychology is an applied specialization in which psychologists focus on the wellness of large segments
of the population.
a. Clinical
b. Forensic
c. Educational
d. Community
7. Dr. Sampson is studying the effects of caffeine on hunger. He hypothesizes that people who ingest more
caffeine experience less hunger pangs throughout the day. He designs a study where one group of
participants is given caffeine throughout the day, and the other group is not allowed to have any caffeine. He
then has the two groups journal their hunger pangs throughout the day and he compares the results. In this
study, the experimental group consists of the participants who:
a. were not allowed caffeine.
b. had the most hunger pangs.
c. did not have any hunger pangs.
d. were given the caffeine.
8. Psychology is different from philosophy in that psychology:
a. is grounded in opinions and insights.
b. cannot be tested.
c. does not ask questions about human behavior.
d. is grounded in science rather than speculation.
9. As a field and as a profession, psychology is _____ and _____.
a. specialized; small
b. immense; diverse
c. opinionated; specialized
d. specialized; judgmental
10. In general, applied psychologists practice, while basic research psychologists:
a. conduct therapy.
b. run studies.
c. write books.
d. teach classes.
Copyright Macmillan Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01_2e
11. Psychological research must be conducted ethically. This requirement comes from multiple sources, including
the:
a. psychologist conducting the research.
b. American Psychological Association.
c. peer review board.
d. American Sociological Association.
12. Pedro started to have trouble focusing on his work after he began taking a mood-stabilizing medication. He
is also experiencing more difficulty sleeping than before. Who would Pedro MOST likely speak to about his
new issues regarding the effects of his prescribed medication?
a. clinical psychologist
b. psychiatrist
c. forensic psychologist
d. counseling psychologist
13. When Jaren went to a psychologist for help with his phobia of spiders, the psychologist explained that his
phobia was a result of our ancestors' fears. This explanation would most likely come from what type of
psychologist?
a. behavioral
b. humanistic
c. evolutionary
d. multicultural
14. Dr. Long is conducting research with some of his patients. He asks them to keep a journal and write about
mental activities that they participate in, as well as their reactions to certain stimuli. This process is closely
related to Wundt's approach known as:
a. psychological confessions.
b. literary analysis.
c. journaling.
d. introspection.
15. Which statement is true about the history of psychology?
a. Psychology is a global science with a global history.
b. Psychology was confined to Europe until it traveled to the United States.
c. Psychology is recognized in only a few countries around the world.
d. Psychology historically has always been a small field.
Copyright Macmillan Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
