GCSE BIOLOGY Foundation Tier Paper 1F

GCSE BIOLOGY Foundation Tier Paper 1F Time allowed: 1 hour 45 minutes Materials For this paper you must have: • a ruler • a scientific calculator. Instructions • Use black ink or black ball-point pen. • Pencil should only be used for drawing. • Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. • Answer all questions in the spaces provided. • If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of this book. Write the question number against your answer(s). • Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. • In all calculations, show clearly how you work out your answer. Information • The maximum mark for this paper is 100. • The marks for questions are shown in brackets. • You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate. • You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. *JUN22 4611F01* IB/M/Jun22/E18 8461/1F Answer all questions in the spaces provided. box HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a pathogen. . How is HIV spread from one person to another person? Tick () one box. [1 mark] Coughing Sexual intercourse Touching door handles Table 1 shows information about new cases of HIV diagnosed in the UK. Table 1 Year Number of new HIV cases 2010 2642 2014 2767 2018 1530 . Describe what happened to the number of new cases of HIV from 2010 to 2018. [2 marks] . What could cause a decrease in the number of new HIV cases in the future? Tick () one box. [1 mark] box A higher population of people in the UK A lower number of trained HIV nurses Better education on how to prevent the spread of HIV 0 1 . 4 Scientists have been working to produce a vaccine for HIV for many years. How could a vaccine work to prevent a person being infected with HIV? Write the stages A, B, C, D and E in the correct order. [3 marks] The first stage has been completed for you. A Antibodies attach to the inactive virus. B Antibodies destroy the inactive virus. C An inactive form of the virus is injected into the body. D If the active virus enters the body, antibodies are produced quickly. E White blood cells produce antibodies to the inactive virus. Question 1 continues on the next page Turn over ► . When scientists produce a vaccine for a disease the vaccine is tested on live animals. box What is the next stage in testing the vaccine? Tick () one box. [1 mark] Testing on cells in a laboratory Testing on healthy volunteers Testing on the whole human population . A vaccine for HIV is important because it is difficult to develop safe drugs to