bio final exam QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

fossil fuels correct answer: Highly combustible substances from the remains of organisms from past geologic ages Coal (solid), oil (liquid), and natural gas (gas) Provide most of our energy for: Transportation, heating, cooking, and electricity generation Annual global consumption of fossil fuels is at its highest level ever Across the world today, over 80% of our energy and two-thirds of our electricity come from coal, oil, and natural gas Fossil fuels were formed from organisms that lived 100-500 million years ago electricity correct answer: Easy to transfer and has lots of uses nonrenewable resource correct answer: Once depleted, it cannot be renewed To replenish the fossil fuels we have depleted so far would take millions of years Includes coal, oil, natural gas We will use up Earth's nonrenewable in decades to centuries renewable resource correct answer: Supplies are not depleted by our use Natural processes replenish sources Includes sunlight, geothermal energy, and tidal energy anaerobic environment correct answer: Little or no oxygen present Buried quickly at the bottom of lakes, swamps, seas Produces fossil fuels coal correct answer: formed when organic matter (plants) is compacted so tightly (under high pressure) that there is little decomposition The world's most abundant fossil fuel Created 300-400 million years ago coal mining correct answer: Subsurface mining For deposits deep underground Strip mining For deposits near the surface Mountaintop removal Entire mountaintops are cut off crude oil correct answer: liquid made of hydrocarbons natural gas correct answer: methane (CH4) and other hydrocarbons petroleum correct answer: natural gas plus oil These fossil fuels are formed from organic material (mostly dead plankton) buried by sediments millions of years ago fossil fuels are formed from ancient organic matter correct answer: Oil (crude oil) - liquid made of hydrocarbons Natural gas -methane (CH4) and other hydrocarbons Petroleum - natural gas plus oil These fossil fuels are formed from organic material (mostly dead plankton) buried by sediments millions of years ago oil sands correct answer: unconventional method tar sands Moist sand and clay deposits with bitumen Bitumen - a form of petroleum rich in carbon,