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Chapter 01: Personal Resources of an Adult Learner Knecht: Success in
Practical/Vocational Nursing, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which individual in a practical/vocational nursing class would be identified as a traditional
adult learner?
a. One who has been out of school for many years
b. One who has children and grandchildren
c. One who knows the routine of education
d. One who is in his or her early 20s
ANS: D
Traditional adult learners are individuals who come to the educational program directly from
high school or another program of study. They are usually in their late teens or early 20s. The
learner who has been out of school for many years and the learner who has children and
grandchildren would be identified as a returning adult learner. The learner who knows the
routine of education does not provide sufficient information for classification.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1
TOP: Adult Learner KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
2. A student enrolled in an LPN/LVN program states, “I’m fresh out of high school and living
alone for the first time in my life. I’m learning how to take care of myself as well as learning
to care for my patients.” This statement identifies the student as a. a traditional adult
learner.
b. a returning adult learner.
c. someone in need of counseling.
d. someone who is not accustomed to formal education.
ANS: A
Traditional adult learners are individuals who are in their late teens or early 20s who have
come to the practical/vocational program directly from high school or another program of
study. A returning adult learner is someone who has been out of school for several years. A
person in needed of counseling is commonly a student who has been evaluated by the
instructor as having areas that need improvement. This student is a traditional adult learner,
and traditional adult learners are accustomed to formal education.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1
TOP: Adult Learner KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
3. A nursing student states, “I have taken advantage of informal learning experiences.” Another
student asks, “Could you give me an example?” The best example of an informal learning
experience is
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a. caring for a disabled family member.
b. taking a continuing education course.
c. enrolling in an academic program.
d. attending credit classes at the mall.
ANS: A
Informal learning experiences are those that take place outside a formal educational setting.
A
person who cares for a disabled family member would gain knowledge and skill in providing
personal care. An education course, academic program, and credited classes all take place in
a formal educational setting.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 3 OBJ: 2
TOP: Informal educational experience KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX:
N/A
4. What strategy can be used by a nursing student to effectively combat a fear of failure?
a. Picture in your mind the rewards of succeeding
b. Positive self-talk
c. Create a mental script of positive thoughts
d. All of the above
ANS: D
Picturing the rewards of succeeding, positive self-talk, and a mental script of positive
thoughts all contribute a positive mental attitude and are all ways to combat the fear of
failure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 4 OBJ: 2
TOP: Promoting success in the program of study KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
5. An example of a self-talk “script” that promotes success in a practical/vocational nursing
program is
a. “I get sick from smelling bad odors.”
b. “What if I’m ‘all thumbs’ in practice lab?”
c. “I don’t think the instructor likes me.”
d. “I work well with my hands.”
ANS: D
The statement “I work well with my hands” is a positive thought. It focuses on a strength and
promotes the expectation that the individual will succeed. All other options are examples of
negative thinking that create expectations for problems and failure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 3 OBJ: 2
TOP: Hidden dangers KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
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6. Select the factor common to ALL types of adult learners that predisposes them to success in
a nursing program.
a. They have few responsibilities at home.
b. They have the motivation to succeed.
c. They automatically qualify for financial aid.
d. They have few daily distractions.
ANS: B
The only statement applicable to all types of adult learners is that the majority is motivated
to succeed. The other factors may be applicable to one or two classifications of learners but
not to all three.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 4 OBJ: 2
TOP: Factors predisposing to success KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX:
N/A
7. When a class of nursing students discusses their concerns about their program, the concern
shared by most learners is generally the fear of a. succeeding.
b. economic problems.
c. failure.
d. ridicule.
ANS: C
Some degree of fear of failure is nearly universal and often relates to earlier failures or
setbacks the learner has experienced in other educational settings. Few individuals are afraid
of succeeding. Uncertainty about economic issues is common among students but is not as
universal as fear of failure. Fear of ridicule is rarely a concern; if present, it is usually
superseded by fear of failure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 4 OBJ: 2
TOP: Hidden dangers KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
8. The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees students the right to
a. graduate from a program.
b. fail an academic program.
c. express oneself in class.
d. have unlimited absences.
ANS: C
The First Amendment provides for freedom of expression as long as what is expressed does
not disrupt class or infringe on the rights of peers. The remaining options are topics that are
not addressed by this amendment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: 6
TOP: Learner rights KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
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9. Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects the learner from being asked to leave
an educational program without due process? a. Eleventh
b. Twelfth
c. Thirteenth
d. Fourteenth
ANS: D
The Fourteenth Amendment guarantees due process. The learner has the right to defend
him- or herself if charged with a violation of policy or rules. The Eleventh, Twelfth, and
Thirteenth amendments do not address due process.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: 6
TOP: Learner rights KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
10. When a nursing student expresses concern about being dismissed unfairly from the
program, the most effective peer response would be a. “Better get over being so
negative.”
b. “You have rights under the Fourteenth Amendment.”
c. “Watch what you say in class to reduce this possibility.”
d. “Instructors really do have control over what happens.”
ANS: B
The Fourteenth Amendment guarantees due process to the student. The learner has the
right to defend him- or herself if charged with a violation of program policy or rules. The
other statements are not the most effective responses to give a student concerned with
being unfairly dismissed.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 6 OBJ: 6
TOP: Learner rights KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
11. A nursing student monopolizes class discussions. Which statement about the situation is
most accurate?
a. The student is violating the rights of others to participate in class.
b. The student is demonstrating interdependency with the instructor.
c. The student is demonstrating passive learning strategies.
d. The student is at risk for being immediately terminated.
ANS: A
The First Amendment provides the right to freedom of speech as long as what is said does
not disrupt the class or infringe on the rights of other students. In this case, the student who
monopolizes discussion is violating the right of free expression by others in the class.
Interdependency involves a student who is actively involved in his or her own learning and
who has a collaborative relationship with the instructor. A passive learner is someone who is
not actively involved in his or her own learning. The Fourteenth Amendment assures the
Page 4 of 165
Chapter 01: Personal Resources of an Adult Learner Knecht: Success in
Practical/Vocational Nursing, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which individual in a practical/vocational nursing class would be identified as a traditional
adult learner?
a. One who has been out of school for many years
b. One who has children and grandchildren
c. One who knows the routine of education
d. One who is in his or her early 20s
ANS: D
Traditional adult learners are individuals who come to the educational program directly from
high school or another program of study. They are usually in their late teens or early 20s. The
learner who has been out of school for many years and the learner who has children and
grandchildren would be identified as a returning adult learner. The learner who knows the
routine of education does not provide sufficient information for classification.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1
TOP: Adult Learner KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
2. A student enrolled in an LPN/LVN program states, “I’m fresh out of high school and living
alone for the first time in my life. I’m learning how to take care of myself as well as learning
to care for my patients.” This statement identifies the student as a. a traditional adult
learner.
b. a returning adult learner.
c. someone in need of counseling.
d. someone who is not accustomed to formal education.
ANS: A
Traditional adult learners are individuals who are in their late teens or early 20s who have
come to the practical/vocational program directly from high school or another program of
study. A returning adult learner is someone who has been out of school for several years. A
person in needed of counseling is commonly a student who has been evaluated by the
instructor as having areas that need improvement. This student is a traditional adult learner,
and traditional adult learners are accustomed to formal education.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 3 OBJ: 1
TOP: Adult Learner KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
3. A nursing student states, “I have taken advantage of informal learning experiences.” Another
student asks, “Could you give me an example?” The best example of an informal learning
experience is
Page 1 of 165
,2
a. caring for a disabled family member.
b. taking a continuing education course.
c. enrolling in an academic program.
d. attending credit classes at the mall.
ANS: A
Informal learning experiences are those that take place outside a formal educational setting.
A
person who cares for a disabled family member would gain knowledge and skill in providing
personal care. An education course, academic program, and credited classes all take place in
a formal educational setting.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 3 OBJ: 2
TOP: Informal educational experience KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX:
N/A
4. What strategy can be used by a nursing student to effectively combat a fear of failure?
a. Picture in your mind the rewards of succeeding
b. Positive self-talk
c. Create a mental script of positive thoughts
d. All of the above
ANS: D
Picturing the rewards of succeeding, positive self-talk, and a mental script of positive
thoughts all contribute a positive mental attitude and are all ways to combat the fear of
failure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 4 OBJ: 2
TOP: Promoting success in the program of study KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
5. An example of a self-talk “script” that promotes success in a practical/vocational nursing
program is
a. “I get sick from smelling bad odors.”
b. “What if I’m ‘all thumbs’ in practice lab?”
c. “I don’t think the instructor likes me.”
d. “I work well with my hands.”
ANS: D
The statement “I work well with my hands” is a positive thought. It focuses on a strength and
promotes the expectation that the individual will succeed. All other options are examples of
negative thinking that create expectations for problems and failure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 3 OBJ: 2
TOP: Hidden dangers KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
Page 2 of 165
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6. Select the factor common to ALL types of adult learners that predisposes them to success in
a nursing program.
a. They have few responsibilities at home.
b. They have the motivation to succeed.
c. They automatically qualify for financial aid.
d. They have few daily distractions.
ANS: B
The only statement applicable to all types of adult learners is that the majority is motivated
to succeed. The other factors may be applicable to one or two classifications of learners but
not to all three.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 4 OBJ: 2
TOP: Factors predisposing to success KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX:
N/A
7. When a class of nursing students discusses their concerns about their program, the concern
shared by most learners is generally the fear of a. succeeding.
b. economic problems.
c. failure.
d. ridicule.
ANS: C
Some degree of fear of failure is nearly universal and often relates to earlier failures or
setbacks the learner has experienced in other educational settings. Few individuals are afraid
of succeeding. Uncertainty about economic issues is common among students but is not as
universal as fear of failure. Fear of ridicule is rarely a concern; if present, it is usually
superseded by fear of failure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 4 OBJ: 2
TOP: Hidden dangers KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
8. The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees students the right to
a. graduate from a program.
b. fail an academic program.
c. express oneself in class.
d. have unlimited absences.
ANS: C
The First Amendment provides for freedom of expression as long as what is expressed does
not disrupt class or infringe on the rights of peers. The remaining options are topics that are
not addressed by this amendment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: 6
TOP: Learner rights KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
Page 3 of 165
, 4
9. Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects the learner from being asked to leave
an educational program without due process? a. Eleventh
b. Twelfth
c. Thirteenth
d. Fourteenth
ANS: D
The Fourteenth Amendment guarantees due process. The learner has the right to defend
him- or herself if charged with a violation of policy or rules. The Eleventh, Twelfth, and
Thirteenth amendments do not address due process.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: 6
TOP: Learner rights KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
10. When a nursing student expresses concern about being dismissed unfairly from the
program, the most effective peer response would be a. “Better get over being so
negative.”
b. “You have rights under the Fourteenth Amendment.”
c. “Watch what you say in class to reduce this possibility.”
d. “Instructors really do have control over what happens.”
ANS: B
The Fourteenth Amendment guarantees due process to the student. The learner has the
right to defend him- or herself if charged with a violation of program policy or rules. The
other statements are not the most effective responses to give a student concerned with
being unfairly dismissed.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 6 OBJ: 6
TOP: Learner rights KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
11. A nursing student monopolizes class discussions. Which statement about the situation is
most accurate?
a. The student is violating the rights of others to participate in class.
b. The student is demonstrating interdependency with the instructor.
c. The student is demonstrating passive learning strategies.
d. The student is at risk for being immediately terminated.
ANS: A
The First Amendment provides the right to freedom of speech as long as what is said does
not disrupt the class or infringe on the rights of other students. In this case, the student who
monopolizes discussion is violating the right of free expression by others in the class.
Interdependency involves a student who is actively involved in his or her own learning and
who has a collaborative relationship with the instructor. A passive learner is someone who is
not actively involved in his or her own learning. The Fourteenth Amendment assures the
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