CPPS Exam 2023 Questions with correct Answers

Culture eats - ANSWER-Process for lunch Describe culture - ANSWER-Collective mindset norms Drift - ANSWER-Normalization of deviance What are the five elements of an ideal safety culture - ANSWER-Reporting, inform, Just, flexible, learning James reasons book - ANSWER-Managing the Risk of organizational accidents, 1997 Culture is it driven locally or at the organizational level - ANSWER-Sexton at all believe that culture is more variable among units within the same hospital then among hospitals What are principles and science of patient safety - ANSWER-1. Standardization and checklists, 2. human factors, 3. teamwork training How do you raise awareness about patient safety - ANSWER-Through engagement in education such as engaging the team and patient safety initiatives on error reporting near misses and disclosure an apology How do you respond to patient safety survey results - ANSWER-Identify and disseminate best practices from high-performing units Concerns for responding to patient safety survey data - ANSWER-Response rate reliability of data What are surrogates of patient safety culture assessment - ANSWER-Number one, voluntary reporting of near misses, number two must be accompanied by just culture regarding how reports are dealt with in number three patient safety is a strategic priority 3 Principles and science of patient safety - ANSWER-One standardization, checklist, to human factors, three teamwork training Patient and family involvement and patient safety initiatives may include - ANSWER-Patient advisory Council's, community forums What are the principles of standardization - ANSWER-Era reduction within departments, across the organization, throughout the industry, and examples include color-coded wristbands What are the principles of patient safety - ANSWER-1 standardization, 2 checklists, 3 learning from errors, 4 human factors, 5 teamwork training, 5 error reporting and near misses, 7 disclosures What are the principles of checkless - ANSWER-List of actions that should be performed optimize patient outcomes. They are based on sound theoretical basis and a history of success and patient safety. For example surgical safety checklist, handoff communication. Patient safety principal learning from errors describe - ANSWER-Here's our opportunities to want to dig deep for a root cause, and look for common causes and determine what we do when we find them Scribd the principles of human factors - ANSWER-The interrelationship between humans the tools and equipment in the workplace and the environment in which they work. This is different than human error What are the 6 principles of teamwork training, Or a high-performing team - ANSWER-Team structure, leadership, communication, situation monitoring, mutual support, coordination and collaboration What is the principal: error reporting and near misses - ANSWER-Staff education, must provide clear expectation of what and how to report and be reviewed routinely and provide the Y such as giving examples storytelling lessons learned Describe the principle of patient safety disclosure - ANSWER-Identify what needs to be disclosed, understand barriers model disclosure and apology, patient expectations, outline the process steps for the conversation 3 Disclosure barriers - ANSWER-Lack of culture of safety, psychological barriers, legal barriers What are the process steps for a conversation on patient disclosure - ANSWER-1. designate personnel roles, 2. Conversation outlines, 3. Accommodations for special communication needs, 4. Support services available to the patient family and healthcare team, 5. steps for follow-up conversation, 6. Documentation of the conversation What are elements that should be included in the conversation Outline for disclosure - ANSWER-What happened, convenience of regret, steps already taken to prevent reoccurrence, change in patient's care plan for outlook, who will contact the family next, support services to patient and family members Describe affective versus ineffective disclosures - ANSWER-Effective disclosures provide the family with all information needed for appropriate care decisions and cannot be measured solely on the basis of whether malpractice litigation was avoided, and ineffective disclosure does not serve the patient because important information is not communicated Lack of healthcare literacy leads to - ANSWER-Readmissions, inability to navigate the healthcare spectrum, increase health costs, limited preventative medicine, self-reported poor health What are four balance measures for managing change - ANSWER-Patient safety implications, proactive identification, countermeasures, post change monitoring What is psychological safety - ANSWER-Psychological safety is a believe that one will not be punished or humiliated for speaking up with ideas, questions, concerns, or mistakes Psychological safety requires - ANSWER-Softening of authority gradients Psychological safety is critical to - ANSWER-A learning environment that enables individuals to willingly contribute to collective work on a team Traditional punitive healthcare cultures impede the creation of psychological safety by - ANSWER-Blaming people for hours Human error quote - ANSWER-"The single greatest impediment to error prevention in the medical industry is that we punish people for making mistakes." Dr. Lucian Leape Professor Harvard school of public health testimony before Congress on healthcare quality improvement Institute of medicine book on building a safe healthcare system - ANSWER-"To Err is human" , With a principal first, do no harm What are three elements about human error described in to air is human - ANSWER-1. Human error cannot be one eradicated because it is a part of human condition, 2. The consequences of errors can be mitigated, 3. we can reduce the risk that can lead to harm Describe accountability of errors the two categories - ANSWER-At risk behavior and reckless behavior Describe at risk behavior and how to manage - ANSWER-Manage at risk behaviors requires feedback, coaching Describe how to manage reckless behavior - ANSWER-Reckless behavior requires administrative consequence What are some challenges with accountability for behavior - ANSWER-Demanding perfection versus, "no harm,No foul. Associates cannot be expected to work without errors yet they must be held accountable for the decisions with the same consequences regardless of outcome Is it good example of a culture of accountability model - ANSWER-Just culture Describe just culture - ANSWER-Just culture refers to patient safety support system of shared accountability's Describe two levels of just culture - ANSWER-Healthcare institution level in clinician and staff level In just culture of the healthcare institution level they are accountable for - ANSWER-Safe system design in for an encouraging and supporting safe choices of clinicians with clear expectations Just culture at a clinician and staff level are accountable for - ANSWER-The quality of their choices and understanding we're not perfect as humans but we strive to make the best choices possible What is the 2008 Book on just culture - ANSWER-Marks, just culture training for healthcare managers 2008 Just culture quote - ANSWER-"Don't simply punish people for their actions, but always hold them accountable for their decisions. " Define at risk behavior - ANSWER-"Behavior choices that increases wrist where risk is not recognized or mistakenly believed to be justified." And a conscious choice to do something other than what is defined in policy, protocol, law or, excepted safety norms. What are three elements of at risk behavior - ANSWER-Normalize deviance, work around, drift Define reckless behavior - ANSWER-Conscious behavior choice to disregard a substantial and unjustifiable risk, however there is no intention to cause harm Systemic migration of boundaries deviation is normal because - ANSWER-There is a high individual benefit from taking shortcuts which leads to unsafe practice and also a potential high production performance which leads to greater potential for accident What is an example of a pier amid to promote pliability and professional accountability - ANSWER-Patient advocacy reporting system: pars process What are the four levels of the powers process - ANSWER-Informal cup of coffee intervention, awareness intervention, guided intervention by authority, disciplinary intervention Describe three key areas of focus in the Leadership domain - ANSWER-One strategy, two operations, three engagement For Leadership safety should be a part of - ANSWER-Mission vision values and goals If safety is to be seen as a strategic priority for all staff then - ANSWER-Leadership must make it a key focus of their attention What is the leadership guide book called - ANSWER-Leadership guide to patient safety, 2006, by Botwinick What is the national patient safety foundation vision statement - ANSWER-Creating a world where patients in those who care for them are free from harm What is the national patient safety foundation mission - ANSWER-National patient safety foundation partners with patients and families and their healthcare community in key stakeholders to Advance patient safety and health care work for safety and disseminate strategies to prevent harm When it comes to safety is part of the mission vision values and goals out of 35 hospitals - ANSWER-Seven explicitly included the word safe or safety Leadership should be involved in - ANSWER-Assessing current quality and safety activities such as water teams currently doing, and looking for hidden pockets of excellence What are ways to set quality and safety priorities - ANSWER-Look for trouble and trends, focus on big events that have happened, sorting the signals of those safety events, or on big hairy goal or BHAG Describe the inter-a process for setting quality and safety priorities - ANSWER-One establish a hub for quality and safety signals/data, to identify themes through qualitative data review, three draft goals, for applied filters to help her ties, five that girls across institution, six articulate key tactics for each goal, seven approve goals and performance metrics, eight plan implementation and track progress How do you create a sense of urgency - ANSWER-Show numbers but tell the stories, And calculate the cost of her such as human cost to patient family care team and financial cost and cost to our reputation What are The Institute for healthcare improvement's six activities for boards to focus on to promote patient safety - ANSWER-One set aims, two get data and hear stories, three established in monitor system level measures, four changing the environment/policies and culture, five learning starting with the board, and six establishing executive accountability Engaging the board what is a strategy - ANSWER-That each board meeting they hear at least one story of an actual patient harmed or killed while receiving care in the system, as recommended in the book understanding patient safety, 2012 by wachter What are regulators role in patient safety - ANSWER-Oversee aspects of operation and practices including access to our facilities people and records, feel the need for public oversight of healthcare entities and providers and without them it would be a messy free-for-all What are some examples of regulators - ANSWER-CMS, state department of public health which enforce conditions of participation, the joint commission also which review compliance with conditions of participation What are some examples of developing the operational plan for patient safety - ANSWER-Transforming care at the bedside, leadership rounding, safety briefings, process redesign to improve reliability, senior executive adopt a work unit Describe transforming care at the bedside and when it was created - ANSWER-Created in 2003 by Robert Wood Johnson foundation and the Institute for healthcare improvement What are the five themes of transforming care at the bedside - ANSWER-One transformational leadership, to safe and reliable care, three vitality and teamwork, for patient centered care, five value added care processes What are some examples of transforming care at the bedside - ANSWER-Rapid response teams, communication models, professional support systems Transforming care at the bedside, 2004 was written by - ANSWER-Rutherford et al. Why use leadership rounding - ANSWER-The bridge is the Between executive leadership and frontline staff Patient safety advisory series on patient safety rounds - ANSWER-Leadership series: executive patient safety walk around, 2008 What does safety briefings do - ANSWER-One in bed safety into normal routine, to not depend on management, three refrigeration, for non-punitive, five structured, six look back, look ahead, follow up Describe reliability in healthcare three components - ANSWER-Patients get intended test medications information and procedures, two at the appropriate time, three in accordance with their values To support Hi reliability leaders support - ANSWER-Standardization, to redundancy, three human factors engineering design Describe adopt a work unit for senior executives - ANSWER-Pears a hospital executive to her work unit, educated improves awareness of safety issues, and power staff to take accountability, crates high trust partnerships, provides resources and tools When you advocate for resources what do you look to do - ANSWER-Align it to your mission strategic plan and community needs assessment, and return on investment How do you embed accountability into investigations and system improvement - ANSWER-By setting expectations for investigation a bears and near misses, to executive involvement in investigations and improvement activities, three ensure priority a patient safety activities in improvement What are the three areas an executive dashboard on patient safety should include - ANSWER-Clinical indicators, financial indicators, balance indicators What was the study that measured engagement - ANSWER-The 2013 gallop poll called "state of the American workplace" and it measured 350,000 survey responses over a three-year. But I focused on the financial sense of engagement better productivity and improve performance Were the results of the Gallup poll on engagement - ANSWER-Only 18% of employees in America were actively disengaged and 30% were engaged Organizations with highly engaged employees have - ANSWER-Patient safety incidents Journal of patient safety did a study finding what - ANSWER-That there's a direct relationship between high levels of engagement and the strength of the safety culture and that if you were employee injuries were noticed when engagement increased What are four methods to improve engagement - ANSWER-Leaders communicate mission and vision, to connecting purpose and work through storytelling, three empowering people using staff workflow recommendation, for listening What are methods to improve engagement for strategies outlined in the AHRQ guy to patient and family engagement hospital quality and safety - ANSWER-Patients and families had advisors, to communication to improve quality, three nurse bedside shift report, for ideal discharge planning What is the 1984 book called in regards to the power of the story - ANSWER-Donald Norman wrote that human empathy and storytelling has become more significant in this age of big data Narrative medicine written in 2001 in JAMA by Dr. Rita Sharon - ANSWER-Calls for a new approach to medicine called narrative medicine which translates from "tell me where it hurts" to tell me about your life What's the importance of near miss , two main reasons - ANSWER-Provides an opportunity to examine failure points in the system, to proactive opportunity to improve before significant event occurs such as finding the holes in the Swiss cheese cost by processed effects and system failures address those defects to strengthen the defenses prevent harm closing those holes and Swiss cheese What are PSO's - ANS