NBCE Part II - Chiropractic Principles Questions from Dev| 300
QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
A reflex muscle spasm which results from proprioceptive irritation is mediated by
_______________ neuron? CORRECT ANSWERS: Gamma motor
___________________ is most apt to lead to altered axoplasmic flow in a neuron? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Intra-neural microcirculation ischemia
Radio-humeral subluxation that entraps the posterior interosseous nerve root most likely
manifests in? CORRECT ANSWERS: Extensor muscles to the forearm
Which subluxation is characterized by anterior displacement of the superior vertebra and
separation of the spinous process from that of the inferior vertebra? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Flexion malposition
Which subluxation model postulated that subluxation can interfere with the normal flow of
energy by effecting the production of action potentials? CORRECT ANSWERS: Nerve
compression
Which subluxation model is implicated by a large T12-L1 disc bulge causing loss of vibration
sense in the feet? CORRECT ANSWERS: Cord compression
What causes the approximation and restriction of movement between proteoglycans in
connective tissue? CORRECT ANSWERS: Dehydration due to immobilization
Which ligament prevents anterior movement of the inferior portion of the sacrum? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Sacrotuberous
Which person was responsible for preliminary work on the stress syndrome which has been
incorporated into the subluxation complex? CORRECT ANSWERS: Hans Selye
Neurodystrophic influences are attributed to vertebral subluxation complex by (altered neural
reflex response)? CORRECT ANSWERS: Stresses the body's adaptive mechanism
T-cells consider what component of an intervertebral disc to be an antigen? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Nucleus pulposus
What is evidence of sympatheticotonia? CORRECT ANSWERS: Increased sudomotor activity
At the beginning of the 20th century the concept of vertebral subluxation was based on?
CORRECT ANSWERS: Nerve impingement
Obstruction in the foramen transversium is most likely to result in? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Vertebral artery insult
,A reverberating impulse occurs when an impulse causes adjacent fibers to discharge within its
frequency and spreads through synapses in __________________? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Self perpetuating cycles
What phase of spondylolisthesis is characterized by a lax facet capsule and weakened annular
structure? CORRECT ANSWERS: Unstable
Spinal subluxation that affects the ascending pathways of the RAS and cause stress related
insomnia and restlessness? CORRECT ANSWERS: Somato-psychic
A compressive pathology which causes anoxic damage to the capillary endothelium directly
results in? CORRECT ANSWERS: Perineural edema
The parasympathetic nerve supply to the urinary bladder is most likely affected by adjustments
of which spinal segment? CORRECT ANSWERS: Sacrum
Somato-autonomic reflexes are frequently produced secondary to? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Motion segment fixation
What is the primary indication of SI joint involvement? CORRECT ANSWERS: Symptomatic
pain
What is the most common indicator of fibromyalgia? CORRECT ANSWERS: Diffuse achy
muscle pain
Which of the following is the result of somato-autonomic subluxation? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Neurodystrophy
Joint fixation due to nuclear fragmentation is not likely to occur in which area of the spine?
CORRECT ANSWERS: Upper cervical
A pendulous abdomen predisposes a person to which lumbar subluxation? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Extension
Which chiropractic pioneer performed intensive research on biomechanics of the pelvis and its
relation to spinal mechanics? CORRECT ANSWERS: Fred Illi
An allergy exacerbated by a subluxation is best explained by what hypothesis? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Neurodystrophic
Pain from a viscero somatic reflex which originates in the gallbladder is referred to? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Inferior border of the right scapula
Nociceptors are stimulated and subsequently generate action potentials in response to?
CORRECT ANSWERS: Tissue damage
, A major finding in intervertebral foraminal lesions is that all associated signs and symptoms are
___________________ in nature? CORRECT ANSWERS: Both neurological and somatic
Healing is delayed when a subluxation inhibits the function of the ____________ nerve endings?
CORRECT ANSWERS: Trophic
To evaluate the patient's susceptibility to vascular injury from cervical manipulation the most
important risk factor to identify is? CORRECT ANSWERS: History of TIA
Of the following, which is the direct consequence of human development from a quadriped to a
biped? CORRECT ANSWERS: Predisposition to vertebral subluxation
Irritation of the neurons of the anterior horn cells produces what reaction? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Muscle spasm
The uncinate processes most restrict which movements of the C5 spine? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Lateral listhesis
Parasympatheticotonia may result from? CORRECT ANSWERS: Sympathetic atonia
Which therapeutic model best explains low back pain with muscle spasm accompanying lumbar
disc syndrome? CORRECT ANSWERS: Somato-somatic reflex
Impaired neurological recognition of a microorganism invasion of the body underlies
___________ model of subluxation? CORRECT ANSWERS: Neuroimmunomodulation
With the application of axial compression load, which element of an uncompromised motion
segment will fail first? CORRECT ANSWERS: Vertebral endplates
D.D. Palmer was the first to utilize? CORRECT ANSWERS: Spinous and TPs as levers
Nerve compression from subluxations that interferes with axoplasmic transport is which
mechanism? CORRECT ANSWERS: Neural transmitters
Isolated unilateral contraction of which muscle can bring about lateral lumbar spine flexion?
CORRECT ANSWERS: Quadratus lumborum
Indications for manipulation/adjustment include segmental? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Misalignment, movement restriction of ankylosis
Which model of spinal dysfunction suggests the capsular swelling of the posterior joints applies
to the nerve root sheat proximal to the forearm? CORRECT ANSWERS: DRG irritation
Leg pain from the zygapophyseal joints is distributed? CORRECT ANSWERS: Sclerotomally
QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
A reflex muscle spasm which results from proprioceptive irritation is mediated by
_______________ neuron? CORRECT ANSWERS: Gamma motor
___________________ is most apt to lead to altered axoplasmic flow in a neuron? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Intra-neural microcirculation ischemia
Radio-humeral subluxation that entraps the posterior interosseous nerve root most likely
manifests in? CORRECT ANSWERS: Extensor muscles to the forearm
Which subluxation is characterized by anterior displacement of the superior vertebra and
separation of the spinous process from that of the inferior vertebra? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Flexion malposition
Which subluxation model postulated that subluxation can interfere with the normal flow of
energy by effecting the production of action potentials? CORRECT ANSWERS: Nerve
compression
Which subluxation model is implicated by a large T12-L1 disc bulge causing loss of vibration
sense in the feet? CORRECT ANSWERS: Cord compression
What causes the approximation and restriction of movement between proteoglycans in
connective tissue? CORRECT ANSWERS: Dehydration due to immobilization
Which ligament prevents anterior movement of the inferior portion of the sacrum? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Sacrotuberous
Which person was responsible for preliminary work on the stress syndrome which has been
incorporated into the subluxation complex? CORRECT ANSWERS: Hans Selye
Neurodystrophic influences are attributed to vertebral subluxation complex by (altered neural
reflex response)? CORRECT ANSWERS: Stresses the body's adaptive mechanism
T-cells consider what component of an intervertebral disc to be an antigen? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Nucleus pulposus
What is evidence of sympatheticotonia? CORRECT ANSWERS: Increased sudomotor activity
At the beginning of the 20th century the concept of vertebral subluxation was based on?
CORRECT ANSWERS: Nerve impingement
Obstruction in the foramen transversium is most likely to result in? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Vertebral artery insult
,A reverberating impulse occurs when an impulse causes adjacent fibers to discharge within its
frequency and spreads through synapses in __________________? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Self perpetuating cycles
What phase of spondylolisthesis is characterized by a lax facet capsule and weakened annular
structure? CORRECT ANSWERS: Unstable
Spinal subluxation that affects the ascending pathways of the RAS and cause stress related
insomnia and restlessness? CORRECT ANSWERS: Somato-psychic
A compressive pathology which causes anoxic damage to the capillary endothelium directly
results in? CORRECT ANSWERS: Perineural edema
The parasympathetic nerve supply to the urinary bladder is most likely affected by adjustments
of which spinal segment? CORRECT ANSWERS: Sacrum
Somato-autonomic reflexes are frequently produced secondary to? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Motion segment fixation
What is the primary indication of SI joint involvement? CORRECT ANSWERS: Symptomatic
pain
What is the most common indicator of fibromyalgia? CORRECT ANSWERS: Diffuse achy
muscle pain
Which of the following is the result of somato-autonomic subluxation? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Neurodystrophy
Joint fixation due to nuclear fragmentation is not likely to occur in which area of the spine?
CORRECT ANSWERS: Upper cervical
A pendulous abdomen predisposes a person to which lumbar subluxation? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Extension
Which chiropractic pioneer performed intensive research on biomechanics of the pelvis and its
relation to spinal mechanics? CORRECT ANSWERS: Fred Illi
An allergy exacerbated by a subluxation is best explained by what hypothesis? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Neurodystrophic
Pain from a viscero somatic reflex which originates in the gallbladder is referred to? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Inferior border of the right scapula
Nociceptors are stimulated and subsequently generate action potentials in response to?
CORRECT ANSWERS: Tissue damage
, A major finding in intervertebral foraminal lesions is that all associated signs and symptoms are
___________________ in nature? CORRECT ANSWERS: Both neurological and somatic
Healing is delayed when a subluxation inhibits the function of the ____________ nerve endings?
CORRECT ANSWERS: Trophic
To evaluate the patient's susceptibility to vascular injury from cervical manipulation the most
important risk factor to identify is? CORRECT ANSWERS: History of TIA
Of the following, which is the direct consequence of human development from a quadriped to a
biped? CORRECT ANSWERS: Predisposition to vertebral subluxation
Irritation of the neurons of the anterior horn cells produces what reaction? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Muscle spasm
The uncinate processes most restrict which movements of the C5 spine? CORRECT
ANSWERS: Lateral listhesis
Parasympatheticotonia may result from? CORRECT ANSWERS: Sympathetic atonia
Which therapeutic model best explains low back pain with muscle spasm accompanying lumbar
disc syndrome? CORRECT ANSWERS: Somato-somatic reflex
Impaired neurological recognition of a microorganism invasion of the body underlies
___________ model of subluxation? CORRECT ANSWERS: Neuroimmunomodulation
With the application of axial compression load, which element of an uncompromised motion
segment will fail first? CORRECT ANSWERS: Vertebral endplates
D.D. Palmer was the first to utilize? CORRECT ANSWERS: Spinous and TPs as levers
Nerve compression from subluxations that interferes with axoplasmic transport is which
mechanism? CORRECT ANSWERS: Neural transmitters
Isolated unilateral contraction of which muscle can bring about lateral lumbar spine flexion?
CORRECT ANSWERS: Quadratus lumborum
Indications for manipulation/adjustment include segmental? CORRECT ANSWERS:
Misalignment, movement restriction of ankylosis
Which model of spinal dysfunction suggests the capsular swelling of the posterior joints applies
to the nerve root sheat proximal to the forearm? CORRECT ANSWERS: DRG irritation
Leg pain from the zygapophyseal joints is distributed? CORRECT ANSWERS: Sclerotomally
