ASVAB Study Guide with 100% correct answers -

Bone is composed primarily of which inorganic material? a. calcium b. phosphorus c. collagen d. potassium - Correct answer-Calcium Calcium is the most abundant mineral found in bones, as well as in the entire body. Which of these is a biome? a. desert b. cornfield c. hear of bison d. beehive - Correct answer-Desert A biome is a large ecological community that includes specific plants and animals, such as a desert. Which planet orbits closest to Earth? a. Mercury b. Venus c. Jupiter d. Saturn - Correct answer-Venus Venus's orbit is closest to Earth. Venus is the second planet from the sun, and Earth is the third planet from the sun. What is the name of the phenomenon when a star suddenly increases in brightness and then disappears from view? a. aurora b. galaxy c. black hole d. supernova - Correct answer-Supernova Before a star collapses, the star burns brighter for a period of time and then fades before view. This is a supernova. Which organism has cells that contain mitochondria? a. whale b. mushroom c. tulip d. all of the above - Correct answer-All of the above Plant, animal, and fungi cells have mitochondria. Isotopes of an element will have the same number of _______ and different numbers of ________? a. electrons; neutrons b. neutrons; electrons c. protons; neutrons d. protons; electrons - Correct answer-Protons; neutrons Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. What condition can be diagnosed by an electrocardiogram (EKG)? a. diabetes b. torn ligaments c. cancer d. tachycardia - Correct answer-Tachycardia Tachycardia is an abnormally fast heart rate, and electrocardiogram shows the electrical activity of the heart. What are the negatively charged particles inside an atom? a. protons b. neutrons c. electrons d. ions - Correct answer-Electrons Electrons are negatively charged particles in an atom; electrons orbit the nucleus. Which organism regulates its body temperature externally? a. lobster b. dolphin c. whale d. pelican - Correct answer-Lobster The metabolic rate of crustaceans is too low to regulate their temperature. Crustaceans use behavioral techniques, such as moving to shallow water, to maintain body temperature. A box sliding down a ramp experiences all of the following forces EXCEPT? a. tension b. friction c. gravity d. normal - Correct answer-Tension Tension is the force that results from objects being pulled or hung. Which organism is a decomposer? a. apple trees b. mushrooms c. goats d. lions - Correct answer-Mushrooms Mushrooms are fungi. Fungi break down organic material left by dead animals and plants making them decomposers Which pH level is classified as a base? a. 1 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8 - Correct answer-8 Bases have a pH between 7 and 14. Which body system is responsible for the release of growth hormones? a. digestive system b. endocrine system c. nervous system d. circulatory system - Correct answer-Endocrine system The endocrine system releases hormones, including growth hormone. What is the term for the top layer of the earth's surface? a. exosphere b. lithosphere c. atmosphere d. biosphere - Correct answer-Lithosphere The lithosphere is the top layer of the earth's surface. Which of the following describes a physical change? a. water becomes ice b. batter is baked into a cake c. an iron fence rusts d. a firecracker explodes - Correct answer-Water becomes ice When water changes form, it does not change the chemical composition of the substance. Once water becomes ice, the ice can easily turn back into water. Which energy source is nonrenewable? a. water b. wind c. coal d. sunlight - Correct answer-Coal Coal is nonrenewable because once coal is burned, it cannot be quickly replaced. How long does it take the earth to rotate on its axis? a. one hour b. one day c. one month d. one year - Correct answer-One day Earth takes approximately twenty-four hours to rotate on its axis. During what process do producers make sugars and release oxygen? a. digestion b. chloroplast c. decomposition d. photosynthesis - Correct answer-Photosynthesis Photosynthesis describes the process by which plants convert the energy of the sun into stored chemical energy (glucose). 2C6H14+19O2->12CO2+14H2O a. substitution reaction b. acid-base reaction c. decomposition reaction d. combustion reaction - Correct answer-Combustion reaction Combustion is defined as a reaction in which a hydrocarbon reacts with O2 to produce CO2 and H2O. Which factor is an abiotic part of an ecosystem? a. producers b. consumers c. water d. decomposers - Correct answer-Water Nonliving things in an ecosystem, like air and water, are abiotic factors. What is the primary function of the respiratory system? a. to create sound and speech b. to take oxygen into the body while removing carbon dioxide c. to transport nutrients to the cells and tissues of the body d. to act as a barrier between the body's organs and foreign pathogens - Correct answer-To take oxygen into the body while removing carbon dioxide Oxygen intake and carbon dioxide disposal are the primary function of the respiratory system. The process of organisms with advantageous traits surviving more often and producing more offspring than organisms without these advantageous traits describes which basic mechanism of evolution? a. gene flow b. genetic drift c. mutation d. natural selection - Correct answer-Natural selection The mechanism of natural selection is rooted in the idea that there is variation in inherited traits among a population of organisms and that there is differential reproduction as a result. Which muscular organ processes food material into smaller pieces and helps mix it with saliva? a. pharynx b. tongue c. diaphragm d. stomach - Correct answer-Tongue The tongue is the muscle that helps break apart food, mix it with saliva, and direct it toward the esophagus.