EMT 101 Final Exam 2022.

EMT 101 Final Exam 2022. Components of Emergency Medical Services Emergency recognition First Aid Dispatch ALS/BLS/Fire/Rescue/Police Medical Direction Patient Stabilization Hospital Delivery NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, works to minimize deaths and disabilities due to automobile accidents on highways, develops standards that we as EMS must adhere to Four Levels of EMS First Responder (intitial stabilization) EMT Basic (primary care) EMT Intermediate (iv and additional medications, manual defribrillation) EMT Paramedic (tracheal intubation, additional medication administration) Medical Direction Process of ensuring care is medically appropriate Online/Direct- direct communication between the physician and the provider in the field Offline/Indirect- other ways physicians influence care: protocols, standing orders, continuing education, etc Quality Improvement Continuing evaluation and care provision EMT Roles and Responsibilities Personal Safety Safety of crew, patient, and bystanders Patient Assessment and Care Lifting and Moving Patients Transport and Transfer of Care Patient Advocacy Five Stages of Death and Dying Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance Special Designations for Hospitals and Specialty Facilities Trauma Centers Poison Centers Burn Centers Children's Hospitals Stress Reactions Acute Delayed Cumulative Critical Incident Stress Debriefing Team of counselors and mental health professionals, help EM care workers deal with stress 24-72 hours of major incident Body Substance Isolation Gloves Mask Gown Eye Protection Handwashing Consent (Expressed vs Implied) Expressed- patient directly agrees to accept treatement and gives permission to proceed with it Implied- consent assumed from unresponsive patient requiring emergency intervention Refusal of Treatment May be made by mentally competent adults, but you must do everything you can do to make patient change his/her mind Assult threat/attempted physics contact Battery Intentional, offensive touching that causes harm Advance Directives Living Wills, DNR, Durable Power of Attorney HIPPA HEALTH INSURANCE PORTABILITY & ACCOUNTABILITY ACT Anatomic Position Position of reference in which patient stands facing you, arms at side, with palms of hands forward Midline Imaginary line through the middle of the body Midclavicular Dividing clavicles Midaxillary from middle of the armpits to ankles Prone Lying face down Surpine Laying with back down Fowlers Posture assumed by patient when head of bed is raised 45 to 60 degrees. Shock Position Lying on back, on incline, feet elecated 12 inches above head Trendelenburg position Lying on back, on incline, feet elevated 12 inches above head Medial Toward midline/middle Lateral Away from the midline Proximal Towards the middle/trunk Distal Away from the middle/trunk Superior Toward the top (head) Inferior Toward the bottom Anterior Toward the front of the body Posterior Toward the back of the body Respiratory system Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide and some water waste Mouth Pharynx (throat) Epiglottis Larynx (voice box) Bronchi Alveoli Diaphragm Respiration The exchange of gases, cellular and alveolar Ventilation Movement of air into and out of lungs Inhalation- negative pressure, active, diaphragm and intercostals contract Exhalation- passive, muscles relax Respiratory System for Children Bigger tongues Softer chest wall Weaker cricoid cartilage Softer trachea Respiratory Rates Adult: 12-20Child: 15-30Infant: 25-50 Cardiovascular System Vena Cava Right Atrium Right Ventricle Pulmonary Artery Lungs Pulmonary Vein.