Chapter 19- Introduction to Nerves and the Nervous System >Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (7th Edition by Amy Karch)

Chapter 19- Introduction to Nerves and the Nervous System 1. What part of the neuron carries information into the neuron from other neurons? A) Axon B) Dendrite C) Nucleus D) Soma Ans: B Feedback: Dendrites carry information to the nerve and axons; they also carry information from a nerve to be transmitted to effector cells, which are found in muscles, glands, or another nerve. Soma refers to the cell body. The nucleus is the central part of a cell, which is responsible for the cell’s growth, reproduction, and metabolism. 2. When a neuron is stimulated and causes depolarization of the nerve, what occurs? A) Calcium rushes into the cell. B) Sodium rushes into the cell. C) Potassium rushes into the cell. D) Sodium and potassium are actively pumped out to the cell. Ans: B Feedback: When depolarization occurs, sodium rushes into the cell. During repolarization, potassium is pumped out of the cell and the resting membrane potential is reestablished. Calcium ions decrease the cell membranes’ permeability to sodium and increase the threshold needed to depolarize the cell. 3. What neurotransmitter inhibits overexcitability and is important in preventing seizure activity in a patient? A) Acetylcholine