TEST BANK FOR ADVANCED ASSESSMENT: INTERPRETING FINDINGS AND FORMULATING DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES 4th Edition, Mary Jo Goolsby, Laurie Grubbs

Test Bank For Advanced Assessment: Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses 4th Edition, Mary Jo Goolsby, Laurie Grubbs. This is an all-inclusive and a complete guide to Test Bank For Advanced Assessment: Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses 4th Edition, Mary Jo Goolsby, Laurie Grubbs. Which type of clinical decision-making is most reliable? 1. Intuitive 2. Analytical 3. Experiential 4. Augenblick 2. Which of the following is false? To obtain adequate history, health-care providers must be: 1. Methodical and systematic 2. Attentive to the patient’s verbal and nonverbal language 1. Able to accurately interpret the patient’s responses 1. Adept at reading into the patient’s statements 3. Essential parts of a health history include all of the following except: Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses 4th Edition Goolsby 1. Chief complaint 2. History of the present illness 3. Current vital signs 4. All of the above are essential history components 4. Which of the following is false? While performing the physical examination, the examiner must be able to: 1. Differentiate between normal and abnormal findings 1. Recall knowledge of a range of conditions and their associated signs and symptoms 1. Recognize how certain conditions affect the response to other conditions 1. Foresee unpredictable findings 5. The following is the least reliable source of information for diagnostic statistics: 1. Evidence-based investigations 2. Primary reports of research 3. Estimation based on a provider’s experience 1. Published meta-analyses 6. The following can be used to assist in sound clinical decision-making: 1. Algorithm published in a peer-reviewed journal article 1. Clinical practice guidelines 2. Evidence-based research 3. All of the above 7. If a diagnostic study has high sensitivity, this indicates a: 1. High percentage of persons with the given condition will have an abnormal result 1. Low percentage of persons with the given condition will have an abnormal result 1. Low likelihood of normal result in Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses 4th Edition Goolsby persons without a given condition 1. None of the above 8. If a diagnostic study has high specificity, this indicates a: 1. Low percentage of healthy individuals will show a normal result 1. High percentage of healthy individuals will show a normal result 1. High percentage of individuals with a disorder will show a normal result 1. Low percentage of individuals with a disorder will show an abnormal result 9. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a diagnostic test showing a: 1. Positive result is strongly associated with the disease 1. Negative result is strongly associated with absence of the disease 1. Positive result is weakly associated with the disease 1. Negative result is weakly associated with absence of the disease 10. Which of the following clinical reasoning tools is defined as evidencebased resource based on mathematical modeling to express the likelihood of a condition in select situations, settings, and/or patients? 1. Clinical practice guideline 2. Clinical decision rule 3. Clinical algorithm 4. Clinical recommendation Chapter 2. An Overview of Genetic Assessment Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The first step in the genomic assessment of a patient is obtaining information regarding: Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses 4th Edition Goolsby 1. Family history 2. Environmental exposures 3. Lifestyle and behaviors 4. Current medications 2. An affected individual who manifests symptoms of a particular condition through whom a family with a genetic disorder is ascertained is called a(n): 1. Consultand 2. Consulband 3. Index patient 4. Proband 3. An autosomal dominant disorder involves the: 1. X chromosome 2. Y chromosome 3. Mitochondrial DNA 4. Non-sex chromosomes 4. To illustrate a union between two second cousin family members in a pedigree, draw: 1. Arrows pointing to the male and female 2. Brackets around the male and female 3. Double horizontal lines between the male and female 1. Circles around the male and female 5. To illustrate two family members in an adoptive relationship in a pedigree: 1. Arrows are drawn pointing to the male and female 1. Brackets are drawn around the male and female 1. Double horizontal lines are drawn between the male and female 1. Circles are drawn around the male and female 6. When analyzing the pedigree for autosomal dominant disorders, it is common to see: 1. Several generations of affected members 2. Many consanguineous relationships 3. More members of the maternal lineage affected than paternal Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses 4th Edition Goolsby 1. More members of the paternal lineage affected than maternal 7. In autosomal recessive (AR) disorders, individuals need: 1. Only one mutated gene on the sex chromosomes to acquire the disease 1. Only one mutated gene to acquire the disease 1. Two mutated genes to acquire the disease 2. Two mutated genes to become carriers 8. In autosomal recessive disorders, carriers have: 1. Two mutated genes; one from each parent that cause disease 1. A mutation on a sex chromosome that causes a disease 1. A single gene mutation that causes the disease 1. One copy of a gene mutation but not the disease 9. With an autosomal recessive disorder, it is important that parents understand that if they both carry a mutation, the following are the risks to each of their offspring (each pregnancy): 1. 50% chance that offspring will carry the disease 1. 10% chance of offspring affected by disease 1. 25% chance children will carry the disease 1. 10% chance children will be disease free 10. A woman with an X-linked dominant disorder will: 1. Not be affected by the disorder herself 2. Transmit the disorder to 50 % of her offspring (male or female) Advanced Assessment Interpreting Findings and Formulating Differential Diagnoses 4th Edition Goolsby 1. Not transmit the disorder to her daughters 2. Transmit the disorder to only her daughters 11. In creating your female patient’s pedigree, you note that she and both of her sisters were affected by the same genetic disorder. Although neither of her parents had indications of the disorder, her paternal grandmother and her paternal grandmother’s two sisters were affected by the same condition. This pattern suggests: 1. Autosomal dominant disorder 2. Chromosomal disorder 3. Mitochondrial DNA disorder 4. X-linked dominant disorder 12. A woman affected with an X-linked recessive disorder: 1. Has one X chromosome affected by the mutation 1. Will transmit the disorder to all of her children 1. Will transmit the disorder to all of her sons 1. Will not transmit the mutation to any of her daughters 13. Which of the following are found in an individual with aneuploidy? 1. An abnormal number of chromosomes 2. An X-linked disorder 3. Select cells containing abnormalappearing