Human Reproduction
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, Disclaimer
• The information is provided by Nikita Raeburn and is intended for studying/teaching
purposes only.
• All information displayed is sole ©Copyright of N. Raeburn, and in such may not be
downloaded, reproduced, copied, defaced, edited or used in any way without
written permission.
• All information is based on the IEB (Independent Examinations Board) syllabus.
• Various textbooks, articles and websites were used in compiling the information.
• The information in these notes cover a majority of topics, however it is advised to
keep your own personal textbook/study guide near as the notes may not contain
everything suited to certain examiners preference.
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, OVERVIEW
Male Reproductive System Female Reproductive System
Has 2 functions: Has 3 functions:
The production of sperm cells It produces the female reproductive
(spermatogenesis). cell or ovum.
The deposition of the sperm in the It maintains a fertilized egg (zygote)
female. through its development as an
embryo and fetus.
It allows for the birth of a baby.
Reproductive organs:
Reproductive organs:
Primary sex organs: Testis
Ovaries
Ducts:
Accessory Organs:
epididymis,
Fallopian tubes (oviduct),
vas deferens (sperm duct),
Uterus,
urethra,
Vagina,
ejaculatory ducts.
Cervix.
Accessory glands:
External genitalia: vulva
prostate gland,
Cowper’s gland,
seminal vesicle.
External genitalia: penis 3
Copyright © 2022 N.Raeburn
, • Delivers sperm into • Produces fluid that makes up
MALE the urethra. most of the semen.
• Drains seminal fluid • Contains sugar to nourish
REPRODUCTIVE into the prostatic sperm.
urethra. • Contains chemicals to activate
SYSTEM sperm.
Ejaculatory
Ducts • Secretes a fluid that
aids the transport of
sperm.
• Contains enzymes
that make sperm
more active.
also known as the:
Bulbourethral gland
• Transports sperm • Neutralizes acidic
through the penis urine.
during ejaculation. Cowper’s
• Lubricates the
• Transports urine to Gland urethra.
exit the body. • Protects the sperms
(sperm duct) from mechanical
• Deposits semen damage.
• Pushes mature
with sperm into the
female’sVvagina
sperm forward.
• Carries sperm from
during copulation.
testis towards the
urethra.
• Regulates • Produces sperm. • Stores sperm.
temperature. • Produces testosterone • Matures sperm to
• HousesVthe testis. (male hormone). become fertile.
• Protects the testis. • Transports sperm
between testis & vas
[SIDE VIEW] deferens.
Cloudfront.net. (2022). [online] Available at: https://dr282zn36sxxg.cloudfront.net/datastreams/f-d%3Ae6e022892da72b929de8f81ba4c00e0de1be05c85aeaece1db3f287b%2BIMAGE_THUMB_POSTCARD_TINY%2BIMAGE_THUMB_POSTCARD_TINY.1 [Accessed 13 Feb. 2022].
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Copyright © 2022 N.Raeburn
https://media.istockphoto.com/photos/human-embryo-picture-id1166875916?k=20&m=1166875916&s=612x612&w=0&h=FTsst_LFpFZhfNy-2Kan47KawP7MH_K-
OJQFNEXEtkI=
Copyright © 2022 N.Raeburn
1
, Disclaimer
• The information is provided by Nikita Raeburn and is intended for studying/teaching
purposes only.
• All information displayed is sole ©Copyright of N. Raeburn, and in such may not be
downloaded, reproduced, copied, defaced, edited or used in any way without
written permission.
• All information is based on the IEB (Independent Examinations Board) syllabus.
• Various textbooks, articles and websites were used in compiling the information.
• The information in these notes cover a majority of topics, however it is advised to
keep your own personal textbook/study guide near as the notes may not contain
everything suited to certain examiners preference.
Copyright © 2022 N.Raeburn
2
, OVERVIEW
Male Reproductive System Female Reproductive System
Has 2 functions: Has 3 functions:
The production of sperm cells It produces the female reproductive
(spermatogenesis). cell or ovum.
The deposition of the sperm in the It maintains a fertilized egg (zygote)
female. through its development as an
embryo and fetus.
It allows for the birth of a baby.
Reproductive organs:
Reproductive organs:
Primary sex organs: Testis
Ovaries
Ducts:
Accessory Organs:
epididymis,
Fallopian tubes (oviduct),
vas deferens (sperm duct),
Uterus,
urethra,
Vagina,
ejaculatory ducts.
Cervix.
Accessory glands:
External genitalia: vulva
prostate gland,
Cowper’s gland,
seminal vesicle.
External genitalia: penis 3
Copyright © 2022 N.Raeburn
, • Delivers sperm into • Produces fluid that makes up
MALE the urethra. most of the semen.
• Drains seminal fluid • Contains sugar to nourish
REPRODUCTIVE into the prostatic sperm.
urethra. • Contains chemicals to activate
SYSTEM sperm.
Ejaculatory
Ducts • Secretes a fluid that
aids the transport of
sperm.
• Contains enzymes
that make sperm
more active.
also known as the:
Bulbourethral gland
• Transports sperm • Neutralizes acidic
through the penis urine.
during ejaculation. Cowper’s
• Lubricates the
• Transports urine to Gland urethra.
exit the body. • Protects the sperms
(sperm duct) from mechanical
• Deposits semen damage.
• Pushes mature
with sperm into the
female’sVvagina
sperm forward.
• Carries sperm from
during copulation.
testis towards the
urethra.
• Regulates • Produces sperm. • Stores sperm.
temperature. • Produces testosterone • Matures sperm to
• HousesVthe testis. (male hormone). become fertile.
• Protects the testis. • Transports sperm
between testis & vas
[SIDE VIEW] deferens.
Cloudfront.net. (2022). [online] Available at: https://dr282zn36sxxg.cloudfront.net/datastreams/f-d%3Ae6e022892da72b929de8f81ba4c00e0de1be05c85aeaece1db3f287b%2BIMAGE_THUMB_POSTCARD_TINY%2BIMAGE_THUMB_POSTCARD_TINY.1 [Accessed 13 Feb. 2022].
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