CHEM115 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2022 UPDATE 100% correct

CHEM115 FINAL EXAM Question 1 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The organic product expected from the following reaction is: Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 2 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Identify the nucleophile in this reaction. Select one: a. K+ b. CH3CH2Br c. CH3CH2OH d. OH– Feedback The correct answer is: OH– Question 3 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following molecules has the highest boiling point? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 4 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The structural similarity of acetals and ethers is the presence of . Select one: a. C—O—C b. a carboxylic carbon c. C—O—H d. CHO Feedback The correct answer is: C—O—C Question 5 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The organic product expected from the following reaction is: Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 6 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The reduction of a ketone produces a 2° alcohol. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 7 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The name for: is . Select one: a. ethanol b. dimethyl ketone c. dimethyl aldehyde d. ethanal Feedback The correct answer is: ethanal Question 8 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Disulfide bonds in a protein have some responsibility for holding the protein molecule in its three-dimensional shape. Which statement is correct when considering disulfide bonds? Select one: a. The disulfide bond is established by an oxidation reaction. b. The disulfide bond can be broken by a reduction process. c. Two thiol molecules combine to form a disulfide when treated with the oxidizing agent I2. d. All three statements are correct. Feedback The correct answer is: All three statements are correct. Question 9 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Thiols, sulfides and disulfides have high solubility in water. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 10 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of these compounds is a properly named 2° alcohol? Select one: a. 1,3-Propandiol b. 2-Methyl-3-methyl-3-pentanol c. 1-Propanol d. 3-Hexanol Feedback The correct answer is: 3-Hexanol Question 11 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which statement concerning thiols is correct? Select one: a. Thiols are more soluble in water than are alcohols of similar size. b. The thiols are of lower polarity than disulfides of similar size. c. A thiol is much less polar than is the parent hydrocarbon. d. The larger the thiol, the lower the solubility in water. Feedback The correct answer is: The larger the thiol, the lower the solubility in water. Question 12 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the major organic product of the following reaction? Select one: a. CH3CH=CH2 b. CH3CH2CH2OH c. CH3CH2CH3 d. CH3CH2COOH Feedback The correct answer is: CH3CH2CH2OH Question 13 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text If the compound below is oxidized, the resulting product is . Select one: a. methane and propane b. butanal c. butanoic acid d. butane Feedback The correct answer is: butanoic acid Question 14 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text This compound, glucose, is important in the chemistry of living things. To which class of compounds does glucose belong? Select one: a. thiol b. carboxylic acid c. sulfide d. hemiacetal Feedback The correct answer is: hemiacetal Question 15 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following molecules can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules of the same type? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 16 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which family of compounds is most likely to be relatively unreactive? Select one: a. alcohols b. ethers c. sulfides d. carboxylic acids. Feedback The correct answer is: ethers Question 17 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The product of the nucleophilic substitution reaction below is Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 18 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Oxidation of a secondary alcohol results in the formation of a(n) . Select one: a. tertiary alcohol b. acid c. aldehyde d. ketone Feedback The correct answer is: ketone Question 19 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is formed when an aldehyde or a ketone undergoes an addition reaction with an alcohol molecule in the presence of an acid catalyst? Select one: a. ester b. ether c. hemiacetal d. alkene Feedback The correct answer is: hemiacetal Question 20 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements is true about aldehydes? Select one: a. Aldehydes have much lower boiling points than alcohols with a similar molecular weight. b. Aldehydes interact with like molecules through hydrogen bonding. c. The carbonyl carbon atom in an aldehyde can never be in position number 1. d. The parent chain of an aldehyde is named by dropping the final “e” from a corresponding alkane and adding “one.” Feedback The correct answer is: Aldehydes have much lower boiling points than alcohols with a similar molecular weight. Question 21 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following will be oxidized by Benedict’s reagent? Select one: a. ethanol b. ethanal c. acetic acid d. ethane Feedback The correct answer is: ethanal Question 22 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text To which family of organic compounds does this compound belong? Select one: a. ketone b. aldehyde c. acid d. ether Feedback The correct answer is: ketone Question 23 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Ethanol is miscible in water, while 1-pentanol has a solubility of just 2.2g/100 mL because solubility in water decreases with increasing alcohol size. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 24 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The molecule below is . Select one: a. butyl methyl ether b. butyl ether c. cyclopropyl methyl ether d. a hemiacetal Feedback The correct answer is: cyclopropyl methyl ether Question 25 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Reduction can convert an aldehyde into a secondary alcohol. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 26 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is a deoxy sugar? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 27 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Oligosaccharides are digested in the . Select one: a. stomach b. intestines c. mouth d. blood plasma Feedback The correct answer is: intestines Question 28 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is a carboxylic acid sugar? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 29 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is a uronic acid? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 30 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which are anomers? Select one: a. aldotetrose and ketotetrose b. D-glucose and L-glucose c. glucopyranose and glucofuranose d. a-D-galacose and b-D-galactose Feedback The correct answer is: a-D-galacose and b-D-galactose Question 31 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the product of the following reaction? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 32 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is an alcohol sugar? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 33 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Starch and cellulose are both polysaccharides of glucose. Cellulose differs from starch in that Select one: a. cellulose contains glucose molecules connected by a- (1→4) glycosidic bonds. b. cellulose contains glucose molecules connected by b- (1→4) glycosidic bonds. c. cellulose is more highly branched than starch. d. cellulose is the energy storage molecule of plants. Feedback The correct answer is: cellulose contains glucose molecules connected by b- (1→4) glycosidic bonds. Question 34 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A racemic mixture can rotate a plane-polarized light in a clockwise direction. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 35 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Oligosaccharides contain 2-10 monosaccharide residues. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 36 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Choose the compound that is a ketotetrose. Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 37 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the relationship of these compounds to each other? I. II. III. Select one: a. Compounds II and III are enantiomers; compound I is not related to II and III. b. Compounds I and II are enantiomers; III is a diastereomer of I and II. c. Compounds I and II are enantiomers; compound III is not related to I and II. d. These three compounds are not related to each other; they only look similar. Feedback The correct answer is: Compounds I and II are enantiomers; III is a diastereomer of I and II. Question 38 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following molecules contain a chiral carbon? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 39 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Glycogen contains a-1,4- and a-1,6-glycosidic bonds. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 40 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the product of the following reaction? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 41 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Mutarotation is an enzyme-catalyzed process by which a pyranose is changed into a furanose. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 42 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Starch contains two polymers of glucose, they are amylose and amylopectin. Amylose differs from amylopectin in that Select one: a. amylopectin contains fructose and amylose does not. b. amylose contains fructose and amylose does not. c. amylose is highly branched and amylopectin is not. d. amylopectin is highly branched and amylose is not. Feedback The correct answer is: amylopectin is highly branched and amylose is not. Question 43 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following molecules contain a chiral carbon? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 44 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following properties of an enantiomer does not influence the amount of its rotation of plane polarized light? Select one: a. temperature b. wavelength of light c. number of molecules that the light passes through d. its chemical property Feedback The correct answer is: its chemical property Question 45 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is an aldonic acid? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 46 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Maltose is hydrolyzed by the enzyme maltase into two molecules of glucose. Maltose is classified as a . Select one: a. onosaccharide b. disaccharide c. cellulose d. polysaccharide Feedback The correct answer is: disaccharide Question 47 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following can be obtained from hydrolysis of simple glycosides? Select one: a. Alcohol b. Ester c. Ether d. amine Feedback The correct answer is: Alcohol Question 48 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is an L monosaccharide? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 49 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text How many chiral carbons are present in the structure below? Select one: a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 Feedback The correct answer is: 3 Question 50 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Chose the incorrect statement referring to starches. Select one: a. Starches are produced by plants for the storage of energy. b. Starch is composed of two homopolysaccharides—amylose and amylopectin. c. Starch forms helical shapes, rather than forming up in sheets of polysaccharides. d. Starches are the structural material of animal cells. Feedback The correct answer is: Starches are the structural material of animal cells. Question 51 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Fatty acids can produce ions that are . Select one: a. highly charged at the tail b. nonpolar c. amphipathic d. hydrophobic Feedback The correct answer is: amphipathic Question 52 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Identify the class of lipid to which the following molecule belongs. Select one: a. fatty acid b. triglyceride c. wax d. glycerophospholipid Feedback The correct answer is: triglyceride Question 53 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text How many products are obtained when the phospholipid below is saponified? Select one: a. 2 b. 5 c. 3 d. 6 Feedback The correct answer is: 5 Question 54 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text In which solvent below would lipids be least soluble? Select one: a. hexane b. water c. methyl alcohol d. ethyl alcohol Feedback The correct answer is: water Question 55 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Saturated fatty acids have lower melting points than unsaturated fatty acids with the same number of carbon atoms. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 56 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text is the eicosanoid involved in blood clotting. Select one: a. Prostaglandin b. Leukotriene c. Progesterone d. Thromboxane Feedback The correct answer is: Thromboxane Question 57 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Because of the components that are found in phospholipids, the phospholipid molecules Select one: a. are long molecules with multiple polar points. b. have a head that is nonpolar, as is the tail. c. have a polar end and a nonpolar end. d. have two ends that are nonpolar with a polar middle. Feedback The correct answer is: have a polar end and a nonpolar end. Question 58 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text The structure shown below represents which of the following? Select one: a. sphingophospholipid b. shingoglycolipid c. glycerophospholipid d. disaccharide Feedback The correct answer is: shingoglycolipid Question 59 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The structure of glycerophospholipids contains Select one: a. a phosphate group, glycerol, three fatty acids, and a sugar molecule. b. a phosphate group, glycerol, two fatty acids, and an alcohol molecule. c. a phosphate group, a cyclic carbon ring, and variable numbers of fatty acids. d. a phosphate group, a carbohydrate molecule, an alcohol, and fatty acids. Feedback The correct answer is: a phosphate group, glycerol, two fatty acids, and an alcohol molecule. Question 60 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A saturated fatty acid is Select one: a. a fatty acid with a carbon chain which has just one carbon-carbon double bond. b. a fatty acid chain in which a carbon chain has two or more carbon-carbon double bonds. c. a fatty acid which has all single carbon-carbon bonds joining carbon atoms. d. a fatty acid with cis-carbon-carbon double bonds. Feedback The correct answer is: a fatty acid which has all single carbon-carbon bonds joining carbon atoms. Question 61 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text is the eicosanoid involved in muscle contractions. Select one: a. Prostaglandin b. Leukotriene c. Progesterone d. Thromboxane Feedback The correct answer is: Leukotriene Question 62 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Matching: Match the statement to its correct answer. Mixtures of water insoluble compounds including esters, alcohols, and alkanes. Reaction that produces glycerol and fatty acid salts from triglycerides. Answer 1Choose...lecithincerebro sideemulsifieractive transportwaxsaponificatio nleukotrieneprostaglandin eicosanoid Answer 2Choose...lecithincerebro sideemulsifieractive transportwaxsaponificatio nleukotrieneprostaglandin eicosanoid Substance that can make or stabilize water insoluble substances as colloids. Answer 3Choose...lecithincerebro sideemulsifieractive transportwaxsaponificatio nleukotrieneprostaglandin eicosanoid An emulsifying agent found in egg white. Answer 4Choose...lecithincerebro sideemulsifieractive transportwaxsaponificatio nleukotrieneprostaglandin eicosanoid Glycolipid found at nerve synapses. Answer 5Choose...lecithincerebro sideemulsifieractive transportwaxsaponificatio nleukotrieneprostaglandin eicosanoid Eicosanoid that causes pain and inflammation. Eicosanoid that is responsible for muscle contraction. Answer 6Choose...lecithincerebro sideemulsifieractive transportwaxsaponificatio nleukotrieneprostaglandin eicosanoid Answer 7Choose...lecithincerebro sideemulsifieractive transportwaxsaponificatio nleukotrieneprostaglandin eicosanoid Lipids synthesized from arachidonic acid. Answer 8Choose...lecithincerebro sideemulsifieractive transportwaxsaponificatio nleukotrieneprostaglandin eicosanoid Movement of material across a cell membrane against the diffusion gradient. Answer 9Choose...lecithincerebro sideemulsifieractive transportwaxsaponificatio nleukotrieneprostaglandin eicosanoid Feedback The correct answer is: Mixtures of water insoluble compounds including esters, alcohols, and alkanes. → wax, Reaction that produces glycerol and fatty acid salts from triglycerides. → saponification, Substance that can make or stabilize water insoluble substances as colloids. → emulsifier, An emulsifying agent found in egg white. → lecithin, Glycolipid found at nerve synapses. → cerebroside, Eicosanoid that causes pain and inflammation. → prostaglandin, Eicosanoid that is responsible for muscle contraction. → leukotriene, Lipids synthesized from arachidonic acid. → eicosanoid, Movement of material across a cell membrane against the diffusion gradient. → active transport Question 63 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The skeletal structure of Arachidonic acid, an essential fatty acid, is provided below. Arachidonic acid is best classified as: Select one: a. Omega-3-fatty acid b. Omega-6-fatty acid c. Saturated fatty acid d. Wax Feedback The correct answer is: Omega-6-fatty acid Question 64 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Phospholipids . Select one: a. are really a wax b. are very polar on both ends c. contain a sugar, which may be simple or a chain d. are part of the structure of cell membranes Feedback The correct answer is: are part of the structure of cell membranes Question 65 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Suppose a highly positive ion was attracted to a membrane. At what location would that most likely occur? Select one: a. the head of a lipid b. the tail of a lipid c. the nonpolar portion of a protein d. the double bond located within a lipid Feedback The correct answer is: the head of a lipid Question 66 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Saponification Select one: a. is a hydrolysis reaction. b. results in the production of triglycerides. c. is used to store energy for later use. d. is a reaction found in plant metabolism. Feedback The correct answer is: is a hydrolysis reaction. Question 67 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text The lipid hormones that are derived from arachidonic acid are the . Select one: a. arachidonics b. eicosanoids c. adrenocorticoid hormones d. sex hormones Feedback The correct answer is: eicosanoids Question 68 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Active transport, a function of membranes, Select one: a. requires an input of energy. b. moves amino acids and small ions across the membrane. c. requires an input of energy and moves amino acids and small ions across the membrane. d. None of these choices. Feedback The correct answer is: requires an input of energy and moves amino acids and small ions across the membrane. Question 69 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Some molecules and ions are transported across a membrane via , which requires energy. Select one: a. osmosis b. diffusion c. facillitated diffusion d. active transport Feedback The correct answer is: active transport Question 70 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The steroid that is the raw material for the production of other steroids is Select one: a. triglyceride. b. cholesterol. c. progesterone. d. eicosanoid. Feedback The correct answer is: cholesterol. Question 71 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The fluid mosaic model proposes that Select one: a. membranes can move like a fluid. b. proteins are embedded into the cell membrane. c. materials that are fluid move across a membrane. d. the composition of membranes includes a mosaic fluid. Feedback The correct answer is: proteins are embedded into the cell membrane. Question 72 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The structure shown below is the skeletal structure of a . Select one: a. wax b. triglyceride c. phospholipid d. steroid Feedback The correct answer is: steroid Question 73 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Bile acids are attached to glycerol backbone by ester bonds. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 74 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Carnauba wax is widely used for high-gloss car and floor polishes. A major component of carnauba wax ester is provided below. The condensed structure of the alcohol from which carnauba wax ester is formed is: Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 75 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The structure shown below represents which of the following? Select one: a. sphingosine b. glycerophospholipid c. triglyceride d. sphingoglycolipid Feedback The correct answer is: sphingosine Question 76 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Proteins can be denatured by changes in temperature or pH. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 77 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The hydrophobic portions of a protein tend to Select one: a. form chemical bonds between them so that the structure of the protein is rigid. b. be attracted to each other by means of strong interatomic forces. c. be strongly attracted to the water in the surroundings, pulling portions of the molecule away from its center. d. fold into the interior of the three-dimensional shape away from water. Feedback The correct answer is: fold into the interior of the three-dimensional shape away from water. Question 78 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The side chain of the amino acid tyrosine is shown here. The side chain is classified as . Select one: a. nonpolar b. polar-acidic c. polar-basic d. polar-neutral Feedback The correct answer is: polar-neutral Question 79 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Cofactors for some enzymes are not considered prosthetic groups because they are loosely held during the course of reaction. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 80 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A characteristic of a Michaelis-Menten enzyme is that it Select one: a. inhibits the formation of a complex under the reaction conditions. b. forms an enzyme—substrate complex that is stable. c. forms an enzyme—substrate complex after which the product and the enzyme separate. d. is a system specific to the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates. Feedback The correct answer is: forms an enzyme—substrate complex after which the product and the enzyme separate. Question 81 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The most abundant protein in the human body is Select one: a. collagen b. enzymes c. globular protein d. α-keratin Feedback The correct answer is: collagen Question 82 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Catalysts, including enzymes, have the role of Select one: a. changing a nonspontaneous chemical reaction to spontaneous. b. lowering the activation energy of a reaction. c. heating up the reactants to make the reaction progress faster. d. changing the pH to a favorable pH for the reaction to progress. Feedback The correct answer is: lowering the activation energy of a reaction. Question 83 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The element found in the center of the heme prosthetic group is . Select one: a. iron b. sulfur c. nitrogen d. carbon Feedback The correct answer is: iron Question 84 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A change in pH usually produces a change in enzyme activity because Select one: a. pH of the environment changes the conformation of the enzyme. b. enzyme activity increases at extreme pH values (either acidic or basic). c. enzyme activity is usually least active below its optimum pH. d. enzyme activity is most active above its optimum temperature. Feedback The correct answer is: pH of the environment changes the conformation of the enzyme. Question 85 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text The side chain of the amino acid phenylalanine is shown here. The side chain is classified as . Select one: a. nonpolar b. polar-acidic c. polar-basic d. polar-neutral Feedback The correct answer is: nonpolar Question 86 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Proteins can contain prosthetic groups, which are Select one: a. polypeptide chains that contain only one kind of amino acid. b. polypeptide chains that come off the main chain to form a branch. c. groups containing nonpeptide components. d. groups of amino acids that form accessory structures to the protein. Feedback The correct answer is: groups containing nonpeptide components. Question 87 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Organic compounds that are not polypeptides but are necessary for enzymes to properly function are called . Select one: a. substrates b. zymogens c. active sites d. coenzymes Feedback The correct answer is: coenzymes Question 88 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Globular proteins in water typically assume their specific shapes because Select one: a. they are water-soluble due to the polar points located along the length of the protein molecules. b. the nonpolar portion of the molecule is inside and the polar portion is outside, as stated by the folding rule. c. they can assume the β–sheet form, which stretches along the surface of the solution. d. all of the polar side chains in the molecular structure fold inward to be protected from the effects of the polarity of water. Feedback The correct answer is: the nonpolar portion of the molecule is inside and the polar portion is outside, as stated by the folding rule. Question 89 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The term commonly used for a chain of amino acids 100 units long is . Select one: a. peptide b. oligopeptide c. polypeptide d. centapeptide Feedback The correct answer is: polypeptide Question 90 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The enzyme known as alcohol dehydrogenase is capable of oxidizing ethanol, methanol and other hydroxyl group containing organic compounds into their corresponding aldehydes. Such an enzyme with catalyzes the reaction of structurally related substances. Select one: a. absolute specificity b. relative specificity c. stereospecificity d. no specificity Feedback The correct answer is: relative specificity Question 91 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Leucine-enkephalin, a pentapeptide, is a naturally occurring pain reliever found in the brain. How many peptide bonds are there in leucine- enkephalin? Select one: a. 5 b. 4 c. 6 d. 3 Feedback The correct answer is: 4 Question 92 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A biologically active protein referred to as a simple protein contains Select one: a. very few hydrogen bonds. b. only one heme group. c. less than three different amino acids. d. no prosthetic groups. Feedback The correct answer is: no prosthetic groups. Question 93 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Alanine is the only α-amino acid that does not have a chiral carbon. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 94 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following do not contribute to the overall stability of a tertiary structure of proteins? Select one: a. salt bridges b. hydrogen bonding c. hydrophobic effect d. hormones Feedback The correct answer is: hormones Question 95 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which interactions are involved in establishing and holding the three- dimensional structure of a protein? Select one: a. salt bridge and disulfide bonds b. hydrogen bonds c. hydrophobic effects d. all of these choices Feedback The correct answer is: all of these choices Question 96 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which reaction is capable of breaking polypeptides into their component amino acids? Select one: a. hydrogenation (adding hydrogen) b. hydrolysis (adding water) c. dehydrogenation (removing hydrogen) d. dehydration (removing water) Feedback The correct answer is: hydrolysis (adding water) Question 97 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text An allosteric enzyme differs from a Michaelis-Menten enzyme because the allosteric enzyme Select one: a. has a more active binding site that is more polar and will hold the substrate longer. b. displays cooperativity in which the binding of a substrate to the active site on one subunit affects .the binding of substrate at other subunits. c. operates to change reaction rates of all of the stereoisomers of a compound, not just one. d. will catalyze all the reactions of a substance produced in a series of steps. Feedback The correct answer is: displays cooperativity in which the binding of a substrate to the active site on one subunit affects .the binding of substrate at other subunits. Question 98 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A characteristic that distinguishes between secondary and tertiary structures is the fact that hydrogen bonding in all secondary structures are between backbone –C=O and H-N- groups. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 99 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Shown here is the amino acid glycine at a pH of . Select one: a. 1 b. 7 c. 14 d. both 1 and 14 Feedback The correct answer is: 7 Question 100 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The structure of the amino acid glutamine is shown below. Glutamine can be classified as Select one: a. polar-neutral b. polar –acidic c. polar basic d. nonpolar Feedback The correct answer is: polar-neutral Question 101 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The contains a 3-base sequence known as a codon that specifies a particular amino acid in protein synthesis. Select one: a. transfer RNA b. messenger RNA c. ribosomal RNA d. transfer DNA Feedback The correct answer is: messenger RNA Question 102 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Guanine and cytosine bases will pair through hydrogen bonding in DNA. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 103 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The process by which the primary structure of RNA is used to generate the correct primary structure of a particular protein is known as . Select one: a. replication b. transcription c. translation d. reverse transcription Feedback The correct answer is: translation Question 104 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Ribosomal RNA Select one: a. is part of the ribosome and is a chemical complex of RNA and protein. b. is the form of RNA that goes from the DNA to the ribosome. c. is a short-strand RNA that is generally found outside of the nucleus. d. is produced in the nucleus and remains there in contact with the ribosomes. Feedback The correct answer is: is part of the ribosome and is a chemical complex of RNA and protein. Question 105 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Transcription is Select one: a. the process by which DNA produces RNA prior to protein synthesis. b. the process by which DNA produces a copy of itself prior to cell division. c. the process by which RNA molecules generate the primary structure of proteins. d. the process by which viral RNA is read to produce new DNA. Feedback The correct answer is: the process by which DNA produces RNA prior to protein synthesis. Question 106 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Reverse transcription is Select one: a. the process by which DNA produces RNA prior to protein synthesis. b. the process by which DNA produces a copy of itself prior to cell division. c. the process by which RNA molecules generate the primary structure of proteins. d. the process by which viral RNA is read to produce new DNA. Feedback The correct answer is: the process by which viral RNA is read to produce new DNA. Question 107 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A codon is Select one: a. a code that is used to assemble long chains of amino acids. b. the coded information carried on the DNA molecule which starts a new protein. c. a set of 3 bases that call for a specific amino acid. d. the special code of bases that cannot have more than one meaning. Feedback The correct answer is: a set of 3 bases that call for a specific amino acid. Question 108 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Adenine and Cytosine bases will pair through hydrogen bonding. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 109 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A nucleoside is the result of the reaction of Select one: a. phosphate and a monosaccharide. b. ribose and deoxyribose. c. a monosaccharide and an organic base. d. a disaccharide, a phosphate, and a base residue. Feedback The correct answer is: a monosaccharide and an organic base. Question 110 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Replication is Select one: a. the process by which DNA produces RNA prior to protein synthesis. b. the process by which DNA produces a copy of itself prior to cell division. c. the process by which RNA molecules generate the primary structure of proteins. d. the process by which viral RNA is read to produce new DNA. Feedback The correct answer is: the process by which DNA produces a copy of itself prior to cell division. Question 111 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text DNA molecules in the nuclei are coiled around basic protein molecules called . Select one: a. histones b. chromatins c. chromosomes d. amino acids Feedback The correct answer is: histones Question 112 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following determines the tertiary structure of DNA? Select one: a. the sequence of sugar molecules b. complimentary base pairing c. coiling of the helices into a tight, compact shape d. the sequence of nucleotide residues Feedback The correct answer is: coiling of the helices into a tight, compact shape Question 113 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The production of recombinant DNA requires cutting a gene from the DNA molecule. This cut can be made with the use of . Select one: a. restriction enzymes b. an electron microscope and forceps c. a bacterial plasmid d. ligases Feedback The correct answer is: restriction enzymes Question 114 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text DNA can be denatured by processes that disrupt hydrogen bonding and cause the strands to separate. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 115 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Messenger RNA Select one: a. carries information that specifies which protein is to be made. b. supplies amino acids to the site of protein synthesis. c. carries the newly formed protein out of the nucleus of the cell. d. is the form of RNA that goes from the DNA to the ribosome. Feedback The correct answer is: carries information that specifies which protein is to be made. Question 116 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Phosphoric acid can enter in reactions to produce a phosphate ester. Which of these is a phosphate ester? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback The correct answer is: Question 117 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text N-glycosides are Select one: a. produced when the N-carbon of the alcohol reacts with a monosaccharide. b. the result of the reaction of an N-monosaccharide and an acid. c. β-N-alcohols produced from the reaction of a monosaccharide and phosphate. d. the result of an amine reacting with the hemiacetal carbon of a monosaccharide. Feedback The correct answer is: the result of an amine reacting with the hemiacetal carbon of a monosaccharide. Question 118 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following determines the secondary structure of DNA? Select one: a. the sequence of sugar molecules b. complimentary base pairing c. coiling of the helices into a tight, compact shape d. the sequence of nucleotide residues Feedback The correct answer is: complimentary base pairing Question 119 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text When recombinant DNA is inserted into bacteria, Select one: a. the bacteria no longer produce their own proteins and are very short lived. b. the metabolism of the bacteria is not affected. c. both the bacterial proteins and the new protein are produced. d. the protein produced is exactly the same as if it were produced by the original cells. Feedback The correct answer is: both the bacterial proteins and the new protein are produced. Question 120 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The following molecule is Select one: a. adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP) b. adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) c. deoxythymidine 5’ –monophosphate (dTMP) d. guanosine 5’ –triphosphate (GTP) Feedback The correct answer is: adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) Question 121 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text are short segments of single-stranded DNA that are complimentary to the DNA at the 3’ end of the region being copied. Select one: a. Codons b. Primers c. Histones d. Chromatins Feedback The correct answer is: Primers Question 122 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Deoxyribonucleic acid Select one: a. is an enzyme found in the cell. b. can move about the cell. c. is found in the nucleus of cells. d. is a major component of cell membranes. Feedback The correct answer is: is found in the nucleus of cells. Question 123 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text In the following structure, which labeled structure is the sugar residue? Select one: a. a b. b c. c Feedback The correct answer is: c Question 124 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The base that will NOT combine with 2-deoxyribose to form a nucleic acid is . Select one: a. thymine b. adenine c. guanine d. uracil Feedback The correct answer is: uracil Question 125 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A monosaccharide incorporated in a nucleic acid is . Select one: a. β-deoxyribose b. 2-deoxyribose c. β-glucose d. N-glycosidose Feedback The correct answer is: 2-deoxyribose Question 126 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The digestion of occurs in the small intestine where the large molecules are emulsified by bile and are broken down into before being absorbed into the blood stream. Select one: a. proteins/amino acids b. carbohydrates/monosaccharides c. lipids/fatty acids/glycerol and monoacylglycerides d. fiber/cellulose Feedback The correct answer is: lipids/fatty acids/glycerol and monoacylglycerides Question 127 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The process by which ADP is converted to ATP takes place in the and one of the processes by which this change occurs is known as . Select one: a. mitochondria/oxidative phosphorylation b. cytoplasm/oxidative phosphorylation c. mitochondria/citric acid cycle d. cytoplasm/citric acid cycle Feedback The correct answer is: mitochondria/oxidative phosphorylation Question 128 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text NH4+ is normally excreted from the human body by means of . Select one: a. ammonium ions b. urea c. uremic acid d. uric acid Feedback The correct answer is: urea Question 129 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The condition of ketoacidosis is Select one: a. a potentially fatal buildup of acetoacetate or 3-hydroxybutyrate lowering blood pH. b. due to a lowered production of ketone bodies than is normal. c. the increase in pH of the cells due to ketone body production. d. only found when anaerobic catabolism of fat occurs. Feedback The correct answer is: a potentially fatal buildup of acetoacetate or 3- hydroxybutyrate lowering blood pH. Question 130 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Digestion of begins in the stomach. Select one: a. starch and proteins b. starch and triglycerides c. triglycerides and proteins d. starch and all other oglio-orpolysaccharides Feedback The correct answer is: triglycerides and proteins Question 131 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which kind of a process is glycogenesis? Select one: a. catabolic b. anabolic c. hydrolysis d. hydrogenation Feedback The correct answer is: anabolic Question 132 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The biosynthesis of fatty acids is a form of . Select one: a. metabolism b. catabolism c. anabolism d. hydrolysis Feedback The correct answer is: anabolism Question 133 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The electron transport chain Select one: a. takes place in the special membranes located in the nucleus of the cell. b. produces FADH2 by means of hydrolysis reactions. c. utilizes the H+ released to produce complexes for later reaction. d. and oxidative phosphorylation together produce ATP. Feedback The correct answer is: and oxidative phosphorylation together produce ATP. Question 134 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text One way that insulin reduces blood sugar is by Select one: a. increasing the rate of change of blood sugar to fructose. b. increasing the rate of glycogen metabolism. c. increasing the rate of glucose uptake by cells. d. increasing the concentration of glycogen phosphorylase. Feedback The correct answer is: increasing the rate of glucose uptake by cells. Question 135 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Protein synthesis is a form of . Select one: a. metabolism b. catabolism c. anabolism d. hydrolysis Feedback The correct answer is: anabolism Question 136 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text is defined as the reactions that biosynthesize large molecules from small molecules consuming energy in the form of ATP. Select one: a. Metabolism b. Catabolism c. Anabolism d. Hydrolysis Feedback The correct answer is: Anabolism Question 137 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text During catabolism, proteins are broken down into amino acids. The amine groups are transferred to an -keto acid by a process known as . The amino acids of -keto acids are then converted into before being excreted in urine. Select one: a. oxidative phosphorylation/pyruvate b. glycolysis/acetyl-CoA c. ketosis/acetone d. transamination/urea Feedback The correct answer is: transamination/urea Question 138 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the total yield of ATP obtained when 1 glucose molecule goes through glycolysis and the citric acid cycle? Select one: a. 25 ATP b. 28 – 29 ATP c. 30 – 32 ATP d. 35 ATP Feedback The correct answer is: 30 – 32 ATP Question 139 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text The digestion of takes place in the stomach by the actions of enzymes operating at low pH. This digestion continues in the small intestine and the large molecules are broken down into . Select one: a. proteins/amino acids b. carbohydrates/monosaccharides c. lipids/fatty acids and glycerol and monoacylglycerides d. fiber/starch Feedback The correct answer is: proteins/amino acids Question 140 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Gluconeogenesis is a form of . Select one: a. metabolism b. catabolism c. anabolism d. hydrolysis Feedback The correct answer is: anabolism Question 141 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The brown fat cells found in newborn babies have a greater number of mitochondria than other fat cells and are capable of much faster metabolism of triglycerides than the fat cells found in adults. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 142 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The oxidation of which of the following provides rapid generation of heat in newborn infants? Select one: a. White fat cells b. Brown fat cells c. ATP synthase d. glutamate Feedback The correct answer is: Brown fat cells Question 143 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text ATP is used up in glycolysis and produced in glucogenesis. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 144 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Glycolysis is a form of . Select one: a. metabolism b. catabolism c. anabolism d. hydrolysis Feedback The correct answer is: catabolism Question 145 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Protein digestion produces amino acids Select one: a. that are further digested by glycolysis to produce ATP. b. that can be used to produce new peptides and proteins. c. that undergo transamination to produce all known amino acids. d. that can be linked together with glycerol to produce lipids. Feedback The correct answer is: that can be used to produce new peptides and proteins. Question 146 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The fatty acid synthesis in the body occurs primarily in the cytoplasm. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 147 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Acetyl-CoA produced as a result of glycolysis enters the metabolic pathway. Select one: a. glycolysis b. gluconeogenesis c. citric acid cycle d. electron transport chain Feedback The correct answer is: citric acid cycle Question 148 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Each spiral of the β-oxidative spiral of fatty acid catabolism removes carbon atoms from a fatty acid producing acetyl-CoA, NADH and FADH2. Select one: a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 Feedback The correct answer is: 2 Question 149 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Beginning with octanoic acid, how many passes through the -oxidation spiral will take place? Select one: a. 3 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8 Feedback The correct answer is: 3 Question 150 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A metabolic pathway in which the final product is also a starting material is defined as a pathway. Select one: a. linear b. circular c. spiral d. coupled Feedback The correct answer is: circular