PSYC 290N Week 4 Quiz - Questions and Answer elaborations | 100% correct solutions

PSYC 290N Week 4 Quiz Quiz #2: Ch 4-6 1. QuestionWhat is the name of the process of creating new synapses that happens very quickly in the first couple of years after birth? Synaptogenesis 2. QuestionThe myelinization in the reticular formation makes which of the following possible? 3. QuestionConcentration in thinking, such as focusing attention on a task 4. QuestionAn infant's sleep/wake cycle lasts approximately how long? 2 hours 5. QuestionLilly has just learned to walk backward. How old would you expect Lilly to be? Between 13 and 18 months 6. QuestionMoesha and Nick have a newborn. If their baby is an average infant, by his first birthday he will have had which of the following? Seven respiratory illnesses 7. QuestionA developmental psychologist is showing a 4-month-old infant a series of drawings. Each drawing shows a series of heavy black dots arranged in the shape of a square. After seeing a series of such pictures, the infant looks for shorter and shorter periods of time until she is barely glancing at each new version of the black dots in a square. Suddenly the researcher presents a new drawing of heavy black dots in the shape of a circle, and the baby shows renewed interest by gazing for a longer period of time. What is illustrated by this research project? The baby became habituated to the pattern of the dots in the shape of a square. 8. QuestionResearchers determine an infant's interest in an object by measuring which of the following? How long they look at the object. 9. QuestionVernon is a 14-month-old toddler. His family laughs when he waves bye-bye because he seems to be waving at himself. Piaget would attribute this twist on the bye-bye wave to which of the following ideas? Children simply imitate what they see. 10. Question When an infant cries, the caregiver responds by picking up the child, changing a diaper, or feeding. These actions by the caregiver serve as reinforcements, increasing the likelihood that the child will again communicate certain needs by crying. This demonstrates that even an infant learns through which type of conditioning? Operant 11. Question Tina babbles and her mother responds to her by imitating the sounds Tina makes. This would appear to refute the belief that early language is the result of reinforcement of correct sounds. 12. Question Rodney is focusing on the individual sounds, rhythm, and intonation of the language his family speaks. How old is Rodney? 8–9 months 13. Question Charelle is fascinated with toys and other objects. She likes to play by herself with things and has a pretty impressive vocabulary that revolves around the names of objects. She also seems better at understanding what adults are talking about than her playmates are. Researcher Katherine Nelson would refer to this as which of the following? A referential style 14. Question Infant intelligence tests primarily gauge intelligence by measuring sensory and motor skills. 15. Question C.J. gains comfort through eating and drinking. She also cries to gain attention from her parents or to express discomfort. Freud would say that C.J. is in which stage of development. Oral 16. Question According to Bowlby's theory of attachment, which of the following will a child have developed by age 5 years An internal model that includes self, mother, and relationships in general 17. Question A child shows no interest in contact with her mother following a separation. This child does not specifically resist the mothers' efforts, but she will not seek much contact. She shows no preference for her mother over a stranger. Which of the following best describes this child? Insecure and avoidant 18. Question Julie's mother is extremely busy with her job, which she does at home. Some days, Julie's mom is responsive and attentive, other days she is so overwhelmed by work that she is emotionally unavailable. Which of the following attachment styles is Julie likely to develop? Insecure and ambivalent 19. Question Taniya and Daniel are the parents of a well-behaved, predictable, and easygoing daughter. Their neighbors Doug and Diane have a daughter who they consider to be a tomboy because she likes to play ball and rough-and-tumble activities in the yard. This is an example of which of the following? 20. Question Temperamental stereotyping 21. Question All-in-all, what seems to be the most important factor in cognitive development in children? 22. Question Appropriate levels of stimulation 23. Question What is the name of the stress hormone that has been linked to differences in behavior of children in day care versus children reared exclusively at home? Cortisol 24. Question Infants possess greater brain plasticity than older children. What problems come along with this greater amount of plasticity? Infants have greater plasticity than older children, which leaves them more susceptible to negative influences. These factors can shape an infant. For example, infants that are in the foster system since birth do not get as much stimulation as they may need. They can also be at risk of not developing an appropriate attachment to a caregiver before the age of 1, which will put them at risk for social and emotion setbacks later in life. the brain also needs stimulation for cognitive development as well. Infant's brains are constantly developing throughout the beginning years of their life, and synapse connections are being created as well as pruned to make the brain work as efficiently as possible. Show Less