complete solutions BREAST surgery

COMPLETE SOLUTIONS BREAST SURGERY BREAST 1. After intraductal papilloma, unilateral bloody nipple discharge from one duct orifice is most commonly caused by which of the following pathologic conditions? A. Paget's disease of the nipple. B. Intraductal carcinoma. C. Inflammatory carcinoma. D. Subareolar mastitis. Answer: B 2. Which of the following conditions is associated with increased risk of breast cancer? A. Fibrocystic mastopathy. B. Severe hyperplasia. C. Atypical hyperplasia. D. Papillomatosis. Answer: C 3. Which of the following breast lesions are noninvasive malignancies? A. Intraductal carcinoma of the comedo type. B. Tubular carcinoma and mucinous carcinoma. C. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma. D. Medullary carcinoma, including atypical medullary lesions. Answer: A 4. Which of the following are the most important and clinically useful risk factors for breast cancer? A. Fibrocystic disease, age, and gender. B. Cysts, family history in immediate relatives, and gender. C. Age, gender, and family history in immediate relatives. D. Obesity, nulliparity, and alcohol use. Answer: C 5. Which of the following pathologic findings is the strongest contraindication to breast preservation (lumpectomy with breast radiation) as primary treatment for a newly diagnosed breast cancer? A. Grade 3, poorly differentiated, infiltrating ductal carcinoma. B. Extensive intraductal cancer around the invasive lesion. C. Tumor size greater than 3 cm. D. Positive surgical margin for invasive cancer. Answer: D