TestBank Perry Maternal Child Nursing Care 6th

A 38-year-old Hispanic woman delivered a 9-pound, 6-ounce girl vaginally after being in labor for 43 hours. The baby died 3 days later from sepsis. On what grounds would the woman potentially have a legitimate legal case for negligence? a. She is Hispanic. c. The standards of care were not met. b. She delivered a girl. d. She refused fetal monitoring. ANS: C Not meeting the standards of care is a legitimate factor for a case of negligence. The clients race is not a factor for a case of negligence. The infants gender is not a factor for a case of negligence. Although fetal monitoring is the standard of care, the client has the right to refuse treatment. This refusal is not a case for negligence; however, informed consent should be properly obtained, and the client should sign an against medical advice form for refusal of any treatment that is within the standard of care. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 12 OBJ: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 2. A newly graduated nurse is attempting to understand the reason for increasing health care spending in the United States. Her research finds that these costs are much higher compared with other developed countries as a result of: a. A higher rate of obesity among pregnant women. b. Limited access to technology. c. Increased usage of health care services along with lower prices. d. Homogeneity of the population. ANS: A Health care is one of the fastest growing sectors of the U.S. economy. Currently, 17.4% of the gross domestic product is spent on health care. Higher spending in the United States compared with 12 other industrialized countries is related to higher prices and readily accessible technology along with greater obesity rates among women. More than one third of women in the United States are obese. Of the U.S. population, 16% is uninsured and has limited access to health care. Maternal morbidity and mortality are directly related to racial disparities. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: 5 OBJ: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment 3. The term used to describe legal and professional responsibility for practice for maternity nurses is: a. Collegiality. c. Evaluation. b. Ethics. d. Accountability. ANS: D Accountability refers to legal and professional responsibility for practice. Collegiality refers to a working relationship with ones colleagues. Ethics refers to a code to guide practice. Evaluation refers to examination of the effectiveness of interventions in relation to expected outcomes. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Evaluation REF: 12 OBJ: Nursing Process: Evaluation MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 4. Through the use of social media technology, nurses can link with other nurses who may share similar interests, insights about practice, and advocate for patients. The most concerning pitfall for nurses using this technology is: a. Violation of patient privacy and confidentiality. b. Institutions and colleagues may be cast in an unfavorable light. c. Unintended negative consequences for using social media. d. Lack of institutional policy governing online contact. ANS: A The most significant pitfall for nurses using this technology is the violation of patient privacy and confidentiality. Furthermore, institutions and colleagues can be cast in unfavorable lights with negative consequences for those posting information. Nursing students have been expelled from school and nurses have been fired or reprimanded by their Board of Nursing for injudicious posts. The American Nurses Association has published six principles for social networking and nurses. All institutions should have policies guiding the use of social media, and nurses should be familiar with these guidelines. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: 7 OBJ: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment 5. An important development that affects maternity nursing is integrative health care, which: a. Seeks to provide the same health care for all racial and ethnic groups. b. Blends complementary and alternative therapies with conventional Western treatment. c. Focuses on the disease or condition rather than the background of the client. d. Has been mandated by Congress. ANS: B Integrative health care tries to mix the old with the new at the discretion of the client and health care providers. Integrative health care is a blending of new and traditional practices. Integrative health care focuses on the whole person, not just the disease or condition. U.S. law supports complementary and alternative therapies but does not mandate them. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 4 OBJ: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 6. Recent trends in childbirth practices in the United States indicate that: a. More than 15% of mothers had late or no prenatal care. b. The percentage of Hispanics, non-Hispanic African Americans, and Caucasians who received prenatal care was essentially the same. c. Births occurring in the hospital accounted for 99% of births. d. Cesarean births have been declining as a percentage of live births. ANS: C Almost all births occur within the hospital setting. Only 5.2% of Caucasians mothers had either late care or no care. There are disparities in the receipt of prenatal care by ethnicity: 12.2% of Hispanic women and 11.8% of non-Hispanic black women received either late or no prenatal care. The percentage of cesarean births is increasing. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 7 OBJ: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity 7. Recent trends in childbirth practice indicate that: a. Delayed pushing is now discouraged in the second stage of labor. b. Episiotomy rates are increasing. c. Midwives perform more episiotomies than physicians. d. Newborn infants remain with the mother and are encouraged to breastfeed. ANS: D Breastfeeding is encouraged for newborns immediately after birth. Delayed pushing is encouraged for several reasons. Episiotomy rates are declining. Midwives perform fewer episiotomies than physicians. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 8 OBJ: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment 8. The nurse caring for a pregnant client should be aware that the U.S. birth rate shows which trend? a. Births to unmarried women are more likely to have less favorable outcomes. b. Birth rates for women 40 to 44 years old are beginning to decline. c. Cigarette smoking among pregnant women continues to increase. d. The rates of maternal death owing to racial disparity are elevated in the United States. ANS: A Low-birth-weight infants and preterm birth are more likely because of the large number of teenagers in the unmarried group. Birth rates for women in their early 40s continue to increase. Fewer pregnant women smoke. In the United States, there is significant racial disparity in the rates of maternal death. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 6 OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment 9. Maternity nursing care that is based on knowledge gained through research and clinical trials is: a. Derived from the Nursing Intervention Classification. b. Known as evidence-based practice. c. At odds with the Cochrane School of traditional nursing. d. An outgrowth of telemedicine. ANS: B Evidence-based practice is based on knowledge gained from research and clinical trials. The Nursing Intervention Classification is a method of standardizing language and categorizing care. Dr. Cochrane systematically reviewed research trials and is part of the evidence-based practice movement. Telemedicine use communication technologies to support health care. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 9 OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 10. The level of practice a reasonably prudent nurse provides is called: a. The standard of care. c. A sentinel event. b. Risk management. d. Failure to rescue. ANS: A Guidelines for standards of care are published by various professional nursing organizations. Risk management identifies risks and establishes preventive practices, but it does not define the standard of care. Sentinel events are unexpected negative occurrences. They do not establish the standard of care. Failure to rescue is an evaluative process for nursing, but it does not define the standard of care. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 11 OBJ: Nursing Process: Diagnosis