ATI Fundamentals Final Review

1. A nurse is administering 1 L of 0.9% sodium chloride to a client who is postoperative and has fluid-volume deficit. Which of the following changes should the nurse identify as an indication that the treatment was successful? A) Increase in hematocrit B) Increase in respiratory rate C) Decrease in heart rate D) Decrease in capillary refill time 2. A nurse working in the emergency department is witnessing the signing of informed consent forms for the treatment of multiple clients during her shift. Which of the following individuals' signatures may the nurse legally witness? (Select all that apply.) A) A teacher who brings in a 7-year-old student B) A 16-year-old client who is married C) A 27-year-old client who has schizophrenia D) An adoptive parent who brings in his 8-year-old son E) A 17-year-old mother who brings in her toddler 3. A nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory infection. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use when performing nasotracheal suctioning for the client? A) Insert the suction catheter while the client is swallowing. B) Apply intermittent suction when withdrawing the catheter. C) Place the catheter in a location that is clean and dry for later use. D) Hold the suction catheter with her clean, nondominant hand. 4. A nurse is teaching a client about dietary management of hypercholesterolemia. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest that the client add to his diet? A) Beef liver B) Shellfish C) Egg yolks D) Avocados 5. A nurse is preparing to transfer a client who can bear weight on one leg from the bed to a chair. After securing a safe environment, which of the following actions should the nurse take next? A) Rock the client up to a standing position. B) Pivot on the foot that is the farthest from the chair. C) Assess the client for orthostatic hypotension. D) Apply a gait belt to the client. 6. A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent the spread of infection? A) Carry a client's soiled linens out of the room in a mesh linen bag. B) Place a client who has tuberculosis in a room with negative-pressure airflow. C) Provide disposable plates and utensils for a client who is HIV-positive. D) Dispose of a client's blood-saturated dressing in a trash bag inside a second trash bag. 7. A nurse is caring for a client who does not speak the same language as the nurse. When working with the client through an interpreter, which of the following actions should the nurse take? A) Talk directly to the client, instead of the interpreter, when speaking. B) Use a family member as the client's interpreter. C) Make sure that the interpreter has a college degree. D) Avoid asking the client personal questions through the interpreter. 8. A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following assessment findings indicates that the catheter requires irrigation? A) Urine has an unusual odor. B) Urine specific gravity is 1.035. C) Bladder scan shows 525 mL of urine. D) Urine is positive for ketones. 9. A nurse is caring for a client who has diarrhea due to shigella. Which of the following precautions should the nurse take? A) Have the client wear a mask when receiving visitors. B) Wash her hands before and after contact with the client. C) Assign the client to a room with negative-pressure airflow exchange. D) Instruct all visitors to limit their time with the client. 10. A nurse on a medical unit is preparing to discharge a client to home. Which of the following actions should the nurse take as part of the medication reconciliation process? A) Seal unused hospital medications in a plastic bag. B) Evaluate the client's ability to self-administer medications. C) Report an identified discrepancy to The Joint Commission. D) Compare prescriptions with medications the client received during hospitalization. 11. A nurse is preparing to insert an IV catheter into a client's arm prior to initiating IV fluid therapy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement to prevent infection? A) Thread the IV catheter so that the hub rests at the insertion site. B) Shave excess hair from around the insertion site. C) Cleanse the site with hydrogen peroxide before IV catheter insertion. D) Palpate the site carefully just before inserting the IV catheter. 12. A nurse is caring for a client who needs to maintain a positive nitrogen balance for wound healing. Which of the following food items should the nurse recommend as a good source of complete protein? A) Oat cereal B) Refried beans C) Peanut butter D) Cheddar cheese 13. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for a home oxygen concentrator. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client and his family? (Select all that apply.) A) Check the cord routinely for frays or tearing. B) Keep the unit at least 4 feet away from a gas stove. C) Consider purchasing a generator for power backup. D) Observe for signs of hypoxia. E) Select synthetic clothing and bedding. 14. A nurse receives report about a client who has 0.9% sodium chloride infusing IV at 125 mL/hr. When the nurse performs the initial assessment, he notes that the client has received only 80 mL over the last 2 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A) Reposition the client. B) Document the client's IV intake in the medical record. C) Request a new IV fluid prescription. D) Check the IV tubing for obstruction. 15. A nurse is planning care for a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first? A) Reduce dietary sodium B) Administer a loop diuretic C) Evaluate electrolytes D) Restrict intake of oral fluid