Summary Advanced
Technology
Master Business Engineering: Business & Technology
2020-2021
Prof: Marc Van Overmeire
Textbook:
- No textbook, slides on canvas
Exam:
- Open book exam – oral (mix open questions and multiple choice – discussion on papers)
o E.g. What are greenhouse gases? What is the difference between reliability and safety?
What is the … (liver cost or gaia) equation and how can you use this?
- 2 papers to write (FMEA of a household appliance & paper on innovative product)
Aim of the course:
- To indicate the impact of existing, new and advanced technologies on our society
- To provide a basic understanding of the parameters related to new technologies such as
reliability, availability, safety and risk
- To be informed about European legislation and standards, about product testing and
counterfeiting of products
- To be informed how to protect your advanced technology
- To be informed about the consequences of technology (global warming) and how we can
reduce their impact
- To illustrate some new technologies and their emerging risks
Table of Contents:
- Chapter 1: Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1
- Chapter 2: Basic concepts of reliability and risk analysis ................................................... 16
- Chapter 3: Failure modes, effects and criticality analysis .................................................. 30
- Chapter 4: European Directives and Standards: an introduction....................................... 50
- Chapter 5: Intellectual Property rights: how to protect your advanced technology? ........ 78
- Chapter 6: Climate Change: a large environmental problem ? .......................................... 86
- Chapter 7 : Sustainability, analysis of different energy sources and climate change – climate
change energy transition ................................................................................................... 107
,Chapter 1: Introduction
1. What is Advanced Technology?
Advanced Technology normally consists of a number of advanced engineering courses such as:
▪ Advanced Design
▪ Advanced Numerical Techniques
▪ Advanced Fluid Dynamics
▪ …
Emphasis lies on the innovative, creative and advanced character.
This is not the purpose of this course, here we just give you an idea about what the topic is
2. Examples of Technology (just as an introduction)
The next list shows some examples of technology and advanced technology. Advanced or not, the goal
is to first of all understand: how they work, to estimate their LCC (life-cycle cost) and to look at their
risks on a local and global level.
▪ It all started in 1779 with James Watt – steam machine.
- Watt used today as a unit of hour
- Watt invented the steam engine, he invent in fact the first working engine (no engines available
before – use of water, wind and animals for engines) and that completely changed society and
it was the moment we started talking about the first industrial revolution (today we are at the
fourth one)
- It is the first type of steam engine to make use of steam (by bowling water in a vessel) at a high
pressure just above atmospheric to drive the piston (that is in a cylinder) up and down. This is
linked to a wheel that starts turning that can drive a machine or a steam locomotive for
example.
▪ An industrial mixer with a complex gear system
- Second industrial revolution; use of electricity to power an electric engine (middle), that
electric engine is linked to a gearbox (left) and so you could create an industrial mixer
- This is an example of technology that is not only using mechanical energy, but also electrical
energy
- Why is a gearbox needed?
o In the electrical mixer at home it is directly driven by the
electrical engine
o But here in the industrial mixer a gearbox is needed because
we want to mix large masses and that demand huge forces. We
have a rotational force, and you probably know this need a
moment/ torque, and due to the gearbox we can reduce the
speed and increase the torque and so we can create much large
forces in order to do the mix
o Even today these still use a kind of a gearbox in most electric
cars or electric engines
1
,▪ A hammer drill has gears as well. The clutch serves as a safety measurement (this will break first);
▪ Engines like;
combustion engine
o right: two stroke engine, engine which is used in small bicycles
piston engine
rotary engine
2
, Exploded view of an engine
Assembly of a TDI engine (video)
o To show that a lot of components are needed to assemble a real engine, the assembly
takes place in two hours (when all the components are already manufactured)
o TDI is turbocharged direct injection, it is a major breakthrough in engine technology
that helps crank out more power while expending less fuel and producing less
emissions; as the title “Turbocharged Direct Injection” suggests, the magic behind the
TDI engine is in the combination of turbocharging and cylinder-direct fuel injection.
o Fuel needs oxygen to burn, so a turbocharger increases an engine’s efficiency and
power output by squeezing more air into the cylinders. After the air has been drawn
through the turbocharger, it is cooled by passing it through an air to air intercooler, as
cooling the air causes it to take up less space. The air then enters the combustion
chamber. Here diesel is injected directly into the cylinders through a nozzle at an
extremely high pressure, which breaks it down to a very fine mist. It is this combination
of highly atomized fuel and cooled, compressed air that’s to thank for more efficient
combustion.
▪ Cars ;
The layout of a car
o A car also have a lot of different components; it exists out of a body (base) and a final
coat
o Also exists out of many different materials depending on their strength and function
o Today’s cars exist out of mechanical and more and more electrical components,
combination of hardware and software, in each car there is a CAN network (automotive
network), very powerful logical units and CPU’s in order to perform all the required
functions
3
Technology
Master Business Engineering: Business & Technology
2020-2021
Prof: Marc Van Overmeire
Textbook:
- No textbook, slides on canvas
Exam:
- Open book exam – oral (mix open questions and multiple choice – discussion on papers)
o E.g. What are greenhouse gases? What is the difference between reliability and safety?
What is the … (liver cost or gaia) equation and how can you use this?
- 2 papers to write (FMEA of a household appliance & paper on innovative product)
Aim of the course:
- To indicate the impact of existing, new and advanced technologies on our society
- To provide a basic understanding of the parameters related to new technologies such as
reliability, availability, safety and risk
- To be informed about European legislation and standards, about product testing and
counterfeiting of products
- To be informed how to protect your advanced technology
- To be informed about the consequences of technology (global warming) and how we can
reduce their impact
- To illustrate some new technologies and their emerging risks
Table of Contents:
- Chapter 1: Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1
- Chapter 2: Basic concepts of reliability and risk analysis ................................................... 16
- Chapter 3: Failure modes, effects and criticality analysis .................................................. 30
- Chapter 4: European Directives and Standards: an introduction....................................... 50
- Chapter 5: Intellectual Property rights: how to protect your advanced technology? ........ 78
- Chapter 6: Climate Change: a large environmental problem ? .......................................... 86
- Chapter 7 : Sustainability, analysis of different energy sources and climate change – climate
change energy transition ................................................................................................... 107
,Chapter 1: Introduction
1. What is Advanced Technology?
Advanced Technology normally consists of a number of advanced engineering courses such as:
▪ Advanced Design
▪ Advanced Numerical Techniques
▪ Advanced Fluid Dynamics
▪ …
Emphasis lies on the innovative, creative and advanced character.
This is not the purpose of this course, here we just give you an idea about what the topic is
2. Examples of Technology (just as an introduction)
The next list shows some examples of technology and advanced technology. Advanced or not, the goal
is to first of all understand: how they work, to estimate their LCC (life-cycle cost) and to look at their
risks on a local and global level.
▪ It all started in 1779 with James Watt – steam machine.
- Watt used today as a unit of hour
- Watt invented the steam engine, he invent in fact the first working engine (no engines available
before – use of water, wind and animals for engines) and that completely changed society and
it was the moment we started talking about the first industrial revolution (today we are at the
fourth one)
- It is the first type of steam engine to make use of steam (by bowling water in a vessel) at a high
pressure just above atmospheric to drive the piston (that is in a cylinder) up and down. This is
linked to a wheel that starts turning that can drive a machine or a steam locomotive for
example.
▪ An industrial mixer with a complex gear system
- Second industrial revolution; use of electricity to power an electric engine (middle), that
electric engine is linked to a gearbox (left) and so you could create an industrial mixer
- This is an example of technology that is not only using mechanical energy, but also electrical
energy
- Why is a gearbox needed?
o In the electrical mixer at home it is directly driven by the
electrical engine
o But here in the industrial mixer a gearbox is needed because
we want to mix large masses and that demand huge forces. We
have a rotational force, and you probably know this need a
moment/ torque, and due to the gearbox we can reduce the
speed and increase the torque and so we can create much large
forces in order to do the mix
o Even today these still use a kind of a gearbox in most electric
cars or electric engines
1
,▪ A hammer drill has gears as well. The clutch serves as a safety measurement (this will break first);
▪ Engines like;
combustion engine
o right: two stroke engine, engine which is used in small bicycles
piston engine
rotary engine
2
, Exploded view of an engine
Assembly of a TDI engine (video)
o To show that a lot of components are needed to assemble a real engine, the assembly
takes place in two hours (when all the components are already manufactured)
o TDI is turbocharged direct injection, it is a major breakthrough in engine technology
that helps crank out more power while expending less fuel and producing less
emissions; as the title “Turbocharged Direct Injection” suggests, the magic behind the
TDI engine is in the combination of turbocharging and cylinder-direct fuel injection.
o Fuel needs oxygen to burn, so a turbocharger increases an engine’s efficiency and
power output by squeezing more air into the cylinders. After the air has been drawn
through the turbocharger, it is cooled by passing it through an air to air intercooler, as
cooling the air causes it to take up less space. The air then enters the combustion
chamber. Here diesel is injected directly into the cylinders through a nozzle at an
extremely high pressure, which breaks it down to a very fine mist. It is this combination
of highly atomized fuel and cooled, compressed air that’s to thank for more efficient
combustion.
▪ Cars ;
The layout of a car
o A car also have a lot of different components; it exists out of a body (base) and a final
coat
o Also exists out of many different materials depending on their strength and function
o Today’s cars exist out of mechanical and more and more electrical components,
combination of hardware and software, in each car there is a CAN network (automotive
network), very powerful logical units and CPU’s in order to perform all the required
functions
3
