CALT EXAM 2026/2027 EXPERT
VERIFED ACE THE TEST
Suprasegmental - ANSWER ✔✔Aspect of Language
(intonation, stress, loudness, pitch level, juncture - (the set of features in
speech that enable a hearer to detect a word or phrase boundary), and
speaking rate)
Segmental - ANSWER ✔✔Aspect of Language
(phonemes - vowels & consonants)
Phonoligical Awareness - ANSWER ✔✔The knowledge of and
sensitivity to the sound structure of language (umbrella term)
,It includes: rhyming, segmentation activities, and manipulation activities
Segmentation Activities - segmenting sentences into words, segmenting
compound words into syllables, segmenting words into syllables,
identifying initial and final sounds, and segmenting syllables into
phonemes
Manipulation Activities - omitting syllables, omitting sounds in words, and
changing sounds into words
Dysarthria - ANSWER ✔✔A disorder in the nervous system which
hinders control over the tongue, throat, lips, or lungs
Neurological oral-motor dysfunction including weakness of the
musculature necessary for coordinating movements of speech
production (slurred speech, difficulty with articulation)
Dyspraxia - ANSWER ✔✔Sensorimotor disruption in which the motor
signals to the muscles, such as those necessary for speech production,
are not consistently or efficiently received
,Difficulty getting the body to do what you want it to
Difficulty planning and coordinating body movement
Difficulty coordinating facial muscles to produce sounds
(a person is born with dyspraxia)
Phonemic Awareness - ANSWER ✔✔Awareness of the smallest units
of speech (phonemes) and the ability to isolate or manipulate the
individual phonemes in words
Phonetics - ANSWER ✔✔The study of linguistic speech sounds and
how they are produced and perceived
Alphabetic Principle - ANSWER ✔✔The concept that letters on a
page represent or map onto the sounds in spoken words
Alphabetic Language - ANSWER ✔✔A language, such as English, in
which letters are used systematically to represent speech sounds or
phonemes
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, Logographic Writing System - ANSWER ✔✔A system in which
pictures represent the words of a language, such as Chinese
If English was treated as a logographic writing system, it would contain
over 700,000 symbols
Grapheme - ANSWER ✔✔A written letter or letter cluster
representing a single speech sound
Ex: i, igh
Phonics - ANSWER ✔✔An approach to teaching reading and spelling
that emphasizes sound-symbol relationships
Sound + Letters
Euphony - ANSWER ✔✔Words formed or combined as to please the
ear
The tendency to make phonetic change for ease of pronunciation
6 Kinds of Syllables - ANSWER ✔✔Open
VERIFED ACE THE TEST
Suprasegmental - ANSWER ✔✔Aspect of Language
(intonation, stress, loudness, pitch level, juncture - (the set of features in
speech that enable a hearer to detect a word or phrase boundary), and
speaking rate)
Segmental - ANSWER ✔✔Aspect of Language
(phonemes - vowels & consonants)
Phonoligical Awareness - ANSWER ✔✔The knowledge of and
sensitivity to the sound structure of language (umbrella term)
,It includes: rhyming, segmentation activities, and manipulation activities
Segmentation Activities - segmenting sentences into words, segmenting
compound words into syllables, segmenting words into syllables,
identifying initial and final sounds, and segmenting syllables into
phonemes
Manipulation Activities - omitting syllables, omitting sounds in words, and
changing sounds into words
Dysarthria - ANSWER ✔✔A disorder in the nervous system which
hinders control over the tongue, throat, lips, or lungs
Neurological oral-motor dysfunction including weakness of the
musculature necessary for coordinating movements of speech
production (slurred speech, difficulty with articulation)
Dyspraxia - ANSWER ✔✔Sensorimotor disruption in which the motor
signals to the muscles, such as those necessary for speech production,
are not consistently or efficiently received
,Difficulty getting the body to do what you want it to
Difficulty planning and coordinating body movement
Difficulty coordinating facial muscles to produce sounds
(a person is born with dyspraxia)
Phonemic Awareness - ANSWER ✔✔Awareness of the smallest units
of speech (phonemes) and the ability to isolate or manipulate the
individual phonemes in words
Phonetics - ANSWER ✔✔The study of linguistic speech sounds and
how they are produced and perceived
Alphabetic Principle - ANSWER ✔✔The concept that letters on a
page represent or map onto the sounds in spoken words
Alphabetic Language - ANSWER ✔✔A language, such as English, in
which letters are used systematically to represent speech sounds or
phonemes
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, Logographic Writing System - ANSWER ✔✔A system in which
pictures represent the words of a language, such as Chinese
If English was treated as a logographic writing system, it would contain
over 700,000 symbols
Grapheme - ANSWER ✔✔A written letter or letter cluster
representing a single speech sound
Ex: i, igh
Phonics - ANSWER ✔✔An approach to teaching reading and spelling
that emphasizes sound-symbol relationships
Sound + Letters
Euphony - ANSWER ✔✔Words formed or combined as to please the
ear
The tendency to make phonetic change for ease of pronunciation
6 Kinds of Syllables - ANSWER ✔✔Open
