Genetics Actual Questions and Correct Answers
Q1
Adenine
Answer: Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its
partner is Uracil
Q2
Alleles
Answer: Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short
Q3
Cytosine
Answer: Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA
Q4
DNA
Answer: Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of
an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine,
Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms
a long chain. It is a double helix. The bases are joined by a hydrogen bond.
Q5
Dominant
Answer: Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital
letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and
t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.
Q6
Double Helix
Answer: shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled
into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.
, Q7
Gene
Answer: is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait.
This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.
Q8
Genotype
Answer: Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of
genes you have for a certain trait.
Q9
Guanine
Answer: Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA
Q10
Heterozygous
Answer: Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same
trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.
Q11
Homozygous
Answer: Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a
particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.
Q12
Meiosis
Answer: Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the
gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the
original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not
genetically identical, this is a result of crossing over and random segregation(what
chromosome pair goes to which of the two new daughter cells) g creation of sperm in
the testicles.
Q1
Adenine
Answer: Is a base found in DNA and RNA. In DNA its partner is Thymine. In RNA its
partner is Uracil
Q2
Alleles
Answer: Two alternative forms of a gene e.g Tall vs Short
Q3
Cytosine
Answer: Is a base found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA
Q4
DNA
Answer: Deoxyribonucleic acid carries the genetic code for the proper functioning of
an organism. It is composed of 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose) four bases Adenine,
Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine. the sugar is bonded to a phosphate group. This forms
a long chain. It is a double helix. The bases are joined by a hydrogen bond.
Q5
Dominant
Answer: Is a trait that is more expressed than another trait. Is written in capital
letters for Genotype. E.g Tall genotype is TT or Tt where T is the allele for tall trait and
t is the trait for small. T will be expressed more.
Q6
Double Helix
Answer: shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled
into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases.
, Q7
Gene
Answer: is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait.
This is because the sequence of bases code for certain proteins.
Q8
Genotype
Answer: Is the genetic makeup of an organism (TT or Tt) ; All the combinations of
genes you have for a certain trait.
Q9
Guanine
Answer: Is a base found in DNA and RNA. This base pairs with Cytosine in DNA
Q10
Heterozygous
Answer: Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same
trait. e.g Tt is the heterozygous genotype for Tall.
Q11
Homozygous
Answer: Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a
particular trait. e.g TT is the homozygous genotype for Tall.
Q12
Meiosis
Answer: Cell division that produces reproductive cells or gamates.This occurs in the
gonads (testicle and ovaries in animals) Here the chromosome number is halved the
original amount. (each new cell has a haploid number = n) All daughter cells are not
genetically identical, this is a result of crossing over and random segregation(what
chromosome pair goes to which of the two new daughter cells) g creation of sperm in
the testicles.
