PSYCH 357 Midterm Exam Questions and
Correct Answers
linguistic relativity
does the language you speak influence how you think?
True or false: multiple definition of language processing create weakness
false: creates a richer understanding
Psycholinguistic defintion
the study of the psychological factors that are involved in the perception, production and
acquisition of language
- linguistics, computer science, neuroscience, biology, archeologists, sociology and philosophy
true or false: language planning is highly susepctibe to influence
true
The speech planning process is _____________, and depends on
incremental, pressure and working memory
if we spend more time planning
strain on working memroy and delays the start of speech
planning time increases with sentence __________
complexity
we plan in _________ and around _________
,chunks, clauses
steps in speech perparations (3)
1. have something to say
2. decide how you want to say it: which words, choosing sentence structure
3. map out the articulation: prepare a speech plan
true or false: words and sounds are planned simultaneously
false:planned separately
Evidence for stages in speech duggests general planning is happening but not
fully complete
Words are not chosen as _______ ______
whole units, the process of building unpacking leave them vulnerable to get jumbled up
Ordered stages of meaning steps
Thoughts --> concepts --> words
Lemmas
an abstract mental representation of a word containing info about its meaning and syntactic
category, but not its sounds
if we have chosen a word and a synonym (semantic prime) is presented
production is inhibited
If we chosen a words and A phonological prime is presented it can
,facilitate the production because it supports the current stage, it has no effect on words later in
the sentence because the planning stage has not been reached
Tip of the tongue state
state of the mind experienced by speakers when they have partially retrieved a word (usually its
lemma, and perhaps some of its sound structure) but feel that retrieval of its full phonological
form is elusive
more common with rare or recently learned words
sounds of ________ words are palced before the sounds of ________ sounds
content, function
- articles accomodate to any errors in words sounds exchanges
function wordsa re afddes after content words
lemmas are selected _________ being put in syntactic form
before
true or falseL stranded morphemes adatp and attach to the replaced word
true - plurals stay in the same slot, morpemes attached after lemma selection
stress patterns belong to the intended structure because
they are component of the lemma and do not adapt to the error
Garretts model of language production
, planning meaning
selection lemmas
planning the phological forms
meaning and roles are assigned, THEN positional level, syntax and phonological details are
decided
evidence for message planning ( griffin and bock)
Eye movements track de while they planned and during speaking, participants looks at the whole
picture, the subject then the object then spoke
eye movements during speaking are separate from eye-movements during the planning to speak
phase
look at full scene - identify relation - start speaking
_________ can drive lexical retrieval
attention
Gleitman et al
Visual cue → attention to one object
- Force sentence start
- Influences how they describe the scene
Attention → retrieving the lemma before planning is done
- Saying the word commits you to a particular word order
Correct Answers
linguistic relativity
does the language you speak influence how you think?
True or false: multiple definition of language processing create weakness
false: creates a richer understanding
Psycholinguistic defintion
the study of the psychological factors that are involved in the perception, production and
acquisition of language
- linguistics, computer science, neuroscience, biology, archeologists, sociology and philosophy
true or false: language planning is highly susepctibe to influence
true
The speech planning process is _____________, and depends on
incremental, pressure and working memory
if we spend more time planning
strain on working memroy and delays the start of speech
planning time increases with sentence __________
complexity
we plan in _________ and around _________
,chunks, clauses
steps in speech perparations (3)
1. have something to say
2. decide how you want to say it: which words, choosing sentence structure
3. map out the articulation: prepare a speech plan
true or false: words and sounds are planned simultaneously
false:planned separately
Evidence for stages in speech duggests general planning is happening but not
fully complete
Words are not chosen as _______ ______
whole units, the process of building unpacking leave them vulnerable to get jumbled up
Ordered stages of meaning steps
Thoughts --> concepts --> words
Lemmas
an abstract mental representation of a word containing info about its meaning and syntactic
category, but not its sounds
if we have chosen a word and a synonym (semantic prime) is presented
production is inhibited
If we chosen a words and A phonological prime is presented it can
,facilitate the production because it supports the current stage, it has no effect on words later in
the sentence because the planning stage has not been reached
Tip of the tongue state
state of the mind experienced by speakers when they have partially retrieved a word (usually its
lemma, and perhaps some of its sound structure) but feel that retrieval of its full phonological
form is elusive
more common with rare or recently learned words
sounds of ________ words are palced before the sounds of ________ sounds
content, function
- articles accomodate to any errors in words sounds exchanges
function wordsa re afddes after content words
lemmas are selected _________ being put in syntactic form
before
true or falseL stranded morphemes adatp and attach to the replaced word
true - plurals stay in the same slot, morpemes attached after lemma selection
stress patterns belong to the intended structure because
they are component of the lemma and do not adapt to the error
Garretts model of language production
, planning meaning
selection lemmas
planning the phological forms
meaning and roles are assigned, THEN positional level, syntax and phonological details are
decided
evidence for message planning ( griffin and bock)
Eye movements track de while they planned and during speaking, participants looks at the whole
picture, the subject then the object then spoke
eye movements during speaking are separate from eye-movements during the planning to speak
phase
look at full scene - identify relation - start speaking
_________ can drive lexical retrieval
attention
Gleitman et al
Visual cue → attention to one object
- Force sentence start
- Influences how they describe the scene
Attention → retrieving the lemma before planning is done
- Saying the word commits you to a particular word order
