CRJS 254 Exam 1 || Acknowledged Answers 100%.
Evidence-based policing correct answers The use of the best available research on the outcomes
of police work to implement guidelines and evaluate agencies, units, and officers.
Police-population ratio correct answers Approximately 1 officer per 400-500 citizens.
Common measure = level of police protection in a community
# of sworn officers per thousand residents
But it varies widely
Burnout correct answers The progressive loss of idealism, energy, purpose, and concern that
results from conditions of work.
Police Culture correct answers "a shared set of values, norms, and behaviors that form a
particular way of life"
Police subculture correct answers Shares values and norms that differ from those of the larger
culture. Individuals within units are typically more similar than those outside the unit.
Police discretion correct answers Officers routinely do not arrest people who are obviously
breaking the law.
E.g., studies show officer discretion in response to:
felony domestic violence arrests
referrals of mentally disordered individuals to medical facilities
warnings given to speeders
juveniles referred to juvenile court
Police legitimacy correct answers Poor decisions can affect legitimacy
Legitimacy: perceptions of authority, lawfulness, reasonableness, etc.
, Pretext stop correct answers A traffic stop based on more than one motive. For example, an
officer stops a vehicle for a legitimate reason but is also suspicious about the driver.
Disparity correct answers Difference/Discrepancy/Inequality
Does not necessarily mean discrimination
Discrimination correct answers Differential treatment
Misuse of discretion
How do police act as "gatekeepers" of the criminal justice system? correct answers They are
usually the first to make contact with accused offenders and are in a position to make some very
important decisions about what will happen to those individuals.
What does it mean when scholars say police are expected to perform an "impossible mandate"?
correct answers Police must please everyone:
E.g., Politicians, Police administrators, Prosecutors, Judges, Community, etc.
But they can't, it's impossible to please everyone.
What is the "social contract"? correct answers Citizens give up some of their rights in exchange
for government services and protection.
What was the Frankpledge system? How did it operate? correct answers Kings used the
frankpledge system, in which they appointed individuals known as chief-pledges to ensure that
the system worked. Ten households were grouped into a tithing, and each adult male member of
the tithing was held responsible for the conduct of others.
What was the Watchman style system? What were problems with this system of control? correct
answers Constables required able-bodied men to take turns as Watchmen.
Patrolled village at night, kept street torches lit, and called out the time.
Evidence-based policing correct answers The use of the best available research on the outcomes
of police work to implement guidelines and evaluate agencies, units, and officers.
Police-population ratio correct answers Approximately 1 officer per 400-500 citizens.
Common measure = level of police protection in a community
# of sworn officers per thousand residents
But it varies widely
Burnout correct answers The progressive loss of idealism, energy, purpose, and concern that
results from conditions of work.
Police Culture correct answers "a shared set of values, norms, and behaviors that form a
particular way of life"
Police subculture correct answers Shares values and norms that differ from those of the larger
culture. Individuals within units are typically more similar than those outside the unit.
Police discretion correct answers Officers routinely do not arrest people who are obviously
breaking the law.
E.g., studies show officer discretion in response to:
felony domestic violence arrests
referrals of mentally disordered individuals to medical facilities
warnings given to speeders
juveniles referred to juvenile court
Police legitimacy correct answers Poor decisions can affect legitimacy
Legitimacy: perceptions of authority, lawfulness, reasonableness, etc.
, Pretext stop correct answers A traffic stop based on more than one motive. For example, an
officer stops a vehicle for a legitimate reason but is also suspicious about the driver.
Disparity correct answers Difference/Discrepancy/Inequality
Does not necessarily mean discrimination
Discrimination correct answers Differential treatment
Misuse of discretion
How do police act as "gatekeepers" of the criminal justice system? correct answers They are
usually the first to make contact with accused offenders and are in a position to make some very
important decisions about what will happen to those individuals.
What does it mean when scholars say police are expected to perform an "impossible mandate"?
correct answers Police must please everyone:
E.g., Politicians, Police administrators, Prosecutors, Judges, Community, etc.
But they can't, it's impossible to please everyone.
What is the "social contract"? correct answers Citizens give up some of their rights in exchange
for government services and protection.
What was the Frankpledge system? How did it operate? correct answers Kings used the
frankpledge system, in which they appointed individuals known as chief-pledges to ensure that
the system worked. Ten households were grouped into a tithing, and each adult male member of
the tithing was held responsible for the conduct of others.
What was the Watchman style system? What were problems with this system of control? correct
answers Constables required able-bodied men to take turns as Watchmen.
Patrolled village at night, kept street torches lit, and called out the time.
