CJ 110 chapter 3 Questions with Correct Answers 100% Correct
Question 1:
Criminologists recognize two major schools of thought or belief systems as among the first attempts to
organize a view of crime causation:
schools of
criminology.
Answer:
the classical and the positivist
Question 2:
The school of criminology viewed the criminal as having free will, the freedom of individual choice to
choose a criminal path
deliberately.
Answer:
the classical
Question 3:
assumes that criminals choose to commit crime because they believe that the benefits they will derive
will overshadow the risks of getting caught.
Answer:
the rational choice theory
Question 4:
Jeremy Bentham proposed that people acted in a way that brought them the greatest pleasure and the
least pain and that they would not commit crime if the pain of punishment was greater than what
might be gained from carrying out the crime. This idea was known as Bentham's
.
Answer:
hedonistic calculus
Question 5:
Which of the following is NOT one of Cesare Beccaria's criteria for
punishment?
Answer:
severity
Question 6:
is an ethical philosophy of social control that focused on imposing punishments that were believed best
for the majority of people in
society.
Answer:
Utilitarianism
,Question 7:
How is the neoclassical
school different from the classical school?
Answer:
The neoclassical school assumes that some people (e.g., children and the insane) cannot reason.
Question 8:
Determinism is the idea that:
Answer:
criminal behavior is a product of biological,
psychological, and social forces that are beyond a person's control.
Question 9:
Who is known as the father of modern criminology?
Answer:
cesar lombroso
Question 10:
is the belief that criminals are evolutionally primitive or subhuman people characterized by certain
"inferior" identifiable physical and
mental characteristics.
Answer:
atavism
Question 11:
Which of the following statements is true about the neurobiological
factors of brain function?
Answer:
The scan of an impulsive murderer shows shades of blue and green in the prefrontal cortex, reflecting
reduced activity in this region.
Question 12:
The male sex hormone
has long been associated with aggressive behavioral tendencies such as competitiveness
and dominance.
Answer:
testosterone
Question 13:
Greg walks into a convenience store with a gun. He points the gun at the cashier and demands that she
empties the money from the register into his bag. During the robbery, Greg is calm and collected. Once
he gets the money, he calmly walks out of the store.
Greg's ability to stay calm
, is the result of:
Answer:
low levels of cortisol in his body
Question 14:
Adopted children are most likely to grow up to be criminals if their:
Answer:
their biological parents are criminals
Question 15:
Identify an accurate statement about genetic factors that influence
crime.
Answer:
With regard to criminal behavior, when one identical twin is criminal, the other twin is more likely to be
criminal as well, and this occurs more frequently than
with other siblings.
Question 16:
Assume that Jack, Eric, and Kurt are fraternal triplets. Kim, Eric, and Jack are about to be sent to
adoption homes. Kim and Kate are identical twins. If Kim grows up to be a criminal, who among the
following is most likely to
grow up to be a criminal?
Answer:
kate
Question 17:
Bill and Tom were adopted by different families as infants. Tom's biological father is currently
incarcerated for a violent offense. This is not the first time he has been incarcerated. Tom's adopted
parents have never committed a crime. Bill's biological parents are not criminals, but his adoptive
father went to prison when Bill was eighteen and is a seasoned criminal. Given the research on genetics
and crime, which of the following is the most likely result?
Answer:
tom is more likely to commit a crime
Question 18:
Serious mental disorders that cause individuals to be out of touch with reality and thus unable to cope
with the demands of everyday living are called
.
Answer:
psychoses
Question 1:
Criminologists recognize two major schools of thought or belief systems as among the first attempts to
organize a view of crime causation:
schools of
criminology.
Answer:
the classical and the positivist
Question 2:
The school of criminology viewed the criminal as having free will, the freedom of individual choice to
choose a criminal path
deliberately.
Answer:
the classical
Question 3:
assumes that criminals choose to commit crime because they believe that the benefits they will derive
will overshadow the risks of getting caught.
Answer:
the rational choice theory
Question 4:
Jeremy Bentham proposed that people acted in a way that brought them the greatest pleasure and the
least pain and that they would not commit crime if the pain of punishment was greater than what
might be gained from carrying out the crime. This idea was known as Bentham's
.
Answer:
hedonistic calculus
Question 5:
Which of the following is NOT one of Cesare Beccaria's criteria for
punishment?
Answer:
severity
Question 6:
is an ethical philosophy of social control that focused on imposing punishments that were believed best
for the majority of people in
society.
Answer:
Utilitarianism
,Question 7:
How is the neoclassical
school different from the classical school?
Answer:
The neoclassical school assumes that some people (e.g., children and the insane) cannot reason.
Question 8:
Determinism is the idea that:
Answer:
criminal behavior is a product of biological,
psychological, and social forces that are beyond a person's control.
Question 9:
Who is known as the father of modern criminology?
Answer:
cesar lombroso
Question 10:
is the belief that criminals are evolutionally primitive or subhuman people characterized by certain
"inferior" identifiable physical and
mental characteristics.
Answer:
atavism
Question 11:
Which of the following statements is true about the neurobiological
factors of brain function?
Answer:
The scan of an impulsive murderer shows shades of blue and green in the prefrontal cortex, reflecting
reduced activity in this region.
Question 12:
The male sex hormone
has long been associated with aggressive behavioral tendencies such as competitiveness
and dominance.
Answer:
testosterone
Question 13:
Greg walks into a convenience store with a gun. He points the gun at the cashier and demands that she
empties the money from the register into his bag. During the robbery, Greg is calm and collected. Once
he gets the money, he calmly walks out of the store.
Greg's ability to stay calm
, is the result of:
Answer:
low levels of cortisol in his body
Question 14:
Adopted children are most likely to grow up to be criminals if their:
Answer:
their biological parents are criminals
Question 15:
Identify an accurate statement about genetic factors that influence
crime.
Answer:
With regard to criminal behavior, when one identical twin is criminal, the other twin is more likely to be
criminal as well, and this occurs more frequently than
with other siblings.
Question 16:
Assume that Jack, Eric, and Kurt are fraternal triplets. Kim, Eric, and Jack are about to be sent to
adoption homes. Kim and Kate are identical twins. If Kim grows up to be a criminal, who among the
following is most likely to
grow up to be a criminal?
Answer:
kate
Question 17:
Bill and Tom were adopted by different families as infants. Tom's biological father is currently
incarcerated for a violent offense. This is not the first time he has been incarcerated. Tom's adopted
parents have never committed a crime. Bill's biological parents are not criminals, but his adoptive
father went to prison when Bill was eighteen and is a seasoned criminal. Given the research on genetics
and crime, which of the following is the most likely result?
Answer:
tom is more likely to commit a crime
Question 18:
Serious mental disorders that cause individuals to be out of touch with reality and thus unable to cope
with the demands of everyday living are called
.
Answer:
psychoses
