, Cyber incidents & Crises in
organisations Dd Real & Kuipers (2026)
main
argument : A
Cybercrisis is sociallyd
organizationally constructed phenomenon going beyond routine
technical IT incidents .
Incidents escalate to true crises when
surpassing severity threshold -> Stakeholders view it as an
existential threat to core operations ,
values ,
assets , making urgent decision-making under time pressue d ambiguity Critical
key-Concepts : Information age paradox ,
Crisis Matrix typology ,
Socio-technical integration
Single vs . Double Loop Learnings
Methodology :
Conceptual t LiteratureSynthesis
Conclusion : CS incidents must be treated as
enterprise wide Crises rather than insulated IT bug
.
Organizations must build continuous , adaptive resilience
Cycles - Technical agility + Transparent cross deparment Leader
Situational Crisis Communication theory (SCCT) Coombs (2022)
main theory posits that because a crisis is a
SCCT
argument :
, grounded in attribution ,
negative event people naturally seek to assign responsibility. Response Strategies must be
,
tailored to match level of crisis responsibility stakeholder attribute to organizat
key-concepts : Crisis responsibility triad contextual modifiers Ethical base response moral outrage , , ,
boundary condition , account acceptance
Methodology : Theoretical user-guide & Lit rev.
Conclusion : Effective crisis communication must be evidence-based rather than intuitive . Reputational
repair tactics cannot be treated as a standalone "Silverbullets" and are
entirely secondary to
executing a solid
,
victim focused ethical response
The Scourge of Ransomware Victim
insight : MacCol et al (2024)
main
argument : The true severity of ransoware
beyond visible corporate financial losses and
goes
immediate data extortion. It inflicts complex ,
long-term cascading harms multi-tiered eco-system, across a
tracking personal organizational
,
& societal structures .
key-concepts : First-order harms ,
Societal harms
,
Asymmetric severity
Methodology Empirical qualitative
: research
Conclusion : Combating ransomware demands a complete policy shift that looks past simple financial equations .
Strategists must view ransomware as
Systematic
a national security & social well-being problem .
Antecedents and consequences of data breaches Schalackl ,
Link Hochle (2022)
,
main highly fragmented
argument : Data breach research is across completely disconnected disciplines. Consolidating
these studies shows that data breaches are
corporate crises shaped by clear systemic antecedents resulting in multi-dimensional
operational financial
,
d
regulatory consequences .
Key-Concepts : Antecedent Categories Environmental Organizational
:
, ,
Technical ,
Behavioural ; Consequence categories Financial operational Reputational Legal
:
, , ,
Methodology : Comprehensive Lit . Nev
Conclusion : Data breaches cannot be solved with isolated technical/behavioural fixes alone.
Organizations must design data protection
strategies
that holistically for cross-layer interactions between corporate culture environment d market
account
technology , , position .
organisations Dd Real & Kuipers (2026)
main
argument : A
Cybercrisis is sociallyd
organizationally constructed phenomenon going beyond routine
technical IT incidents .
Incidents escalate to true crises when
surpassing severity threshold -> Stakeholders view it as an
existential threat to core operations ,
values ,
assets , making urgent decision-making under time pressue d ambiguity Critical
key-Concepts : Information age paradox ,
Crisis Matrix typology ,
Socio-technical integration
Single vs . Double Loop Learnings
Methodology :
Conceptual t LiteratureSynthesis
Conclusion : CS incidents must be treated as
enterprise wide Crises rather than insulated IT bug
.
Organizations must build continuous , adaptive resilience
Cycles - Technical agility + Transparent cross deparment Leader
Situational Crisis Communication theory (SCCT) Coombs (2022)
main theory posits that because a crisis is a
SCCT
argument :
, grounded in attribution ,
negative event people naturally seek to assign responsibility. Response Strategies must be
,
tailored to match level of crisis responsibility stakeholder attribute to organizat
key-concepts : Crisis responsibility triad contextual modifiers Ethical base response moral outrage , , ,
boundary condition , account acceptance
Methodology : Theoretical user-guide & Lit rev.
Conclusion : Effective crisis communication must be evidence-based rather than intuitive . Reputational
repair tactics cannot be treated as a standalone "Silverbullets" and are
entirely secondary to
executing a solid
,
victim focused ethical response
The Scourge of Ransomware Victim
insight : MacCol et al (2024)
main
argument : The true severity of ransoware
beyond visible corporate financial losses and
goes
immediate data extortion. It inflicts complex ,
long-term cascading harms multi-tiered eco-system, across a
tracking personal organizational
,
& societal structures .
key-concepts : First-order harms ,
Societal harms
,
Asymmetric severity
Methodology Empirical qualitative
: research
Conclusion : Combating ransomware demands a complete policy shift that looks past simple financial equations .
Strategists must view ransomware as
Systematic
a national security & social well-being problem .
Antecedents and consequences of data breaches Schalackl ,
Link Hochle (2022)
,
main highly fragmented
argument : Data breach research is across completely disconnected disciplines. Consolidating
these studies shows that data breaches are
corporate crises shaped by clear systemic antecedents resulting in multi-dimensional
operational financial
,
d
regulatory consequences .
Key-Concepts : Antecedent Categories Environmental Organizational
:
, ,
Technical ,
Behavioural ; Consequence categories Financial operational Reputational Legal
:
, , ,
Methodology : Comprehensive Lit . Nev
Conclusion : Data breaches cannot be solved with isolated technical/behavioural fixes alone.
Organizations must design data protection
strategies
that holistically for cross-layer interactions between corporate culture environment d market
account
technology , , position .
