PSY 255 Quiz 4 with Answers

PSY 255 Quiz 4 with Answers 1. In Eysenck’s model of personality, which of the following is correct about extraversion-introversion? A. It is an example of a habitual response. B. It is the opposite of neuroticism. C. It is one of three basic personality dimensions. D. It is one of five basic personality dimensions. 2. Bill Board tends to react very strongly to emotional events. He becomes overly excited and panics when facing even mild stress. Eysenck might say that this man is high on the personality dimension of: A. Extraversion. B. Neuroticism. C. Psychoticism. D. Emotionality. 3. According to Eysenck, the major source of individual differences in personality is: A. Early childhood experiences. B. Genetic factors. C. Social learning theory. D. Parents’ child-rearing practices. 4. According to Chess and Thomas’s research on temperaments, A. Although all children are alike at birth, differences in temperament will emerge after a few years. B. Although there is evidence for temperamental differences early in life, adult differences in temperament are partly determined by genetics. C. Evidence of differences in temperament can be seen in newborns. D. Temperament differences are seen in children, but largely disappear by adulthood. 5. Rose Busch becomes very anxious when she has to give a speech in front of an audience. Advocates of evolutionary personality theory might call this an example of anxiety caused by: A. Conditioning. B. An inherited temperament. C. A fear of social exclusion. D. A fear of novel situations. 6. Some psychologists argue that we should use different learning procedures to meet the needs of each student’s temperament. This approach is based on which model? A. Eysenck’s model of personality B. EAS temperament model C. The “Goodness of Fit” model D. Evolutionary personality model 7. The twin-study method is used by researchers to get around which methodological problem? A. Biased samples B. A confound between genetic and environmental differences C. Questions about generalizability D. Validity of measuresPSY 255 Quiz 4 with Answers 8. Researchers using the twin-study method take advantage of which naturally occurring phenomenon? A. Monozygotic twins have identical genes. B. Dizygotic twins have similar genes. C. Monozygotic twins are often treated alike by parents. D. Dizygotic twins are more alike genetically than typical siblings. 9. Dr. Pete Moss uses the twin-study method and finds a correlation of +.50 on self-esteem for identical twins, but only a +.30 correlation for fraternal twins. What conclusion might be drawn from these results? A. Genetics has more of an influence on self-esteem than environment has. B. There is evidence for a genetic influence on self-esteem. C. There is no evidence for a genetic influence on self-esteem. D. The results are opposite of what would be expected if there were a genetic influence on self-esteem. 10. A team of researchers examined where extraverts and introverts sat in the library. Sandy Beach is an extravert. Where will she most likely sit in the library? A. In a quiet room B. Alone in an isolated study area in the library C. In an open area in the library where she can see a lot of other students D. Outside in a place where others can’t disturb her 11. A researcher reports that men in this country tend to marry younger women and women tend to marry older men. This finding might be used to support which theory? A. Eysenck’s theory of personality B. EAS temperament model C. The Goodness of Fit model D. Evolutionary personality theory 12. According to the evolutionary approach to mate selection, women prefer men who are: A. The same age they are. B. Capable of achieving financial security. C. Physically attractive. D. Gentle and sensitive to their needs. 13. According to evolutionary personality theory, men prefer physically attractive women because A. the attributes we call beautiful are associated with youth and fertility. B. physically attractive women tend to be in better health. C. physically attractive women tend to be stronger and thus better able to survive. D. they want physically attractive offspring. 14. When Billy meets with his therapist, he makes statements showing that he likes to manipulate other people, is a good liar, and always needs immediate gratification. Billy’s disregard for social norms and the feelings of others means that his therapist is most likely to diagnose him with ________ personality disorder. A. antisocial B. borderline C. narcissistic D. histrionicPSY 255 Quiz 4 with Answers 15. Kelly is studying for her introductory psychology exam and is struggling to learn the personality disorders. Her roommate helps her by explaining that all of the following disorders are part of the anxious cluster (cluster C) EXCEPT A. avoidant B. paranoid C. obsessive-compulsive d. dependent 16. Mario has always tended to have “love-hate” relationships with people who are close to him and constantly worries about people leaving him. Thus, he smothers them with affection only to feel rejected and disappointed when they back away from this behavior. Mario has threatened to commit suicide several times and most people view him as emotionally unstable. Based on this, Mario might be diagnosed with ________ personality disorder. A. narcissistic B. paranoid C. borderline D. obsessive-compulsive 17. Ted, the president of a multimillion-dollar corporation, is charming and intelligent. However, he has an inflated sense of his own power and worth. He recently fired thousands of his employees impulsively and did not feel bad about it at all because he made a lot of money, which is very important to him. Ted is typically very glib and hard-hearted during interpersonal interactions. Ted’s wife is convinced that he has ________ traits. A. psychopathic B. histrionic C. borderline D. narcissistic 18. Mildred is distrusting of the government and is suspicious that it has had her apartment bugged to hear what she is doing when she is at home. Sherry’s odd behavior is consistent with personality disorders in the eccentric cluster, specifically ________ personality disorder. A. avoidant B. schizoid C. histrionic D. paranoid 19. Which of the following behavioral characteristics would tell you that a friend of yours is experiencing antisocial personality disorder rather than some other personality disorder? A. He has a weak sense of self and doesn’t like to be alone B. He shifts quickly from one mood to another without any obvious reasons C. He is uncaring toward others and focused on his own pleasure D. He engages in self-mutilation and is very impulsive 20. Carl doesn’t usually display any emotions, has no close friends, and has reported that he has no real desire to form close relationships. There are very few things he enjoys doing, and prefers to be alone. What personality disorder would you diagnose Carl with? A. histrionicPSY 255 Quiz 4 with Answers B. schizoid C. paranoid D. antisocial