Chapter 1: What Is Nutrition?
1. nutrients: Compounds in foods that sustain your body processes. There are six classes
of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats (lipids), proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
2. kilocalories: the measurement of energy in foods. Commonly referred to as calories.
3. metabolism: The numerous reactions that occur within the cell. The calories in foods
are converted to energy in the cells of the body.
4. phytochemicals: nonnutritive compounds in plant foods that may play a role in
fighting chronic diseases
5. macronutrients: the energy containing essential nutrients that you need in a higher
amounts: carbohydrates, lipids (fats), and proteins.
6. micronutrients: essential nutrients that you need in smaller amounts: vitamins and
minerals
7. organic: containing carbon
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, 8. enzymes: substances that speed up reactions in your body
9. inorganic: not containing carbon. Inorganic compounds include minerals, water, and
salts
10. fiber: the portion of plant foods that isn't digested in the small intestine
11. overweight: carrying extra weight on your body in relation to your height
12. obesity: carrying an excessive amount of body fat above the level of being
overweight
13. healthy people 2020: A set of disease prevention and health promotion
objectives for Americans to meet during the second decade of the new millennium
14. consensus: the opinion of a group of experts based on a collection of
information
15. scientific method: a stepwise process used by scientists to generate sound
research findings
16. hypothesis: an idea generated by scientists based on their observations
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1. nutrients: Compounds in foods that sustain your body processes. There are six classes
of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats (lipids), proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
2. kilocalories: the measurement of energy in foods. Commonly referred to as calories.
3. metabolism: The numerous reactions that occur within the cell. The calories in foods
are converted to energy in the cells of the body.
4. phytochemicals: nonnutritive compounds in plant foods that may play a role in
fighting chronic diseases
5. macronutrients: the energy containing essential nutrients that you need in a higher
amounts: carbohydrates, lipids (fats), and proteins.
6. micronutrients: essential nutrients that you need in smaller amounts: vitamins and
minerals
7. organic: containing carbon
1/
8
, 8. enzymes: substances that speed up reactions in your body
9. inorganic: not containing carbon. Inorganic compounds include minerals, water, and
salts
10. fiber: the portion of plant foods that isn't digested in the small intestine
11. overweight: carrying extra weight on your body in relation to your height
12. obesity: carrying an excessive amount of body fat above the level of being
overweight
13. healthy people 2020: A set of disease prevention and health promotion
objectives for Americans to meet during the second decade of the new millennium
14. consensus: the opinion of a group of experts based on a collection of
information
15. scientific method: a stepwise process used by scientists to generate sound
research findings
16. hypothesis: an idea generated by scientists based on their observations
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8
