Global European Governance_Full Summary_Year3_MISOC

Global & European
Governance
Block 3.4




Ana Berdzenishvili
All Notes

,Table of Contents
LECTURE 1............................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Game Theory................................................................................................................................................................................3
LECTURE 2............................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Realism.........................................................................................................................................................................................5
United Nations.............................................................................................................................................................................6
LECTURE 3............................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Liberalism.....................................................................................................................................................................................7
Liberalism as theory a theory to explain functioning of international regimes..........................................................................8
Post WWII trade system............................................................................................................................................................10
LECTURE 4............................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Intro to regional integration......................................................................................................................................................13
How to classify Regionalism?....................................................................................................................................................16
Look at differences in levels of formalism and institution-building...........................................................................................16
LECTURE 5............................................................................................................................................................................. 17
What kind of a “beast” is the EU?.............................................................................................................................................17
WEEK 1.................................................................................................................................................................................. 19
FRIEDEN, J. A., LAKE, D. A., & SCHULTZ, K. A. (2012). WORLD POLITICS: INTERESTS, INTERACTIONS, INSTITUTIONS........................................19
SPRUYT, H. (2002). THE ORIGINS, DEVELOPMENT, AND POSSIBLE DECLINE OF THE MODERN STATE..................................................................24
DIFFERENTIATING EARLY AND MODERN STATES......................................................................................................................24
THEORETICAL EXPLANATIONS OF THE EMERGENCE OF THE MODERN STATE.........................................................................25
WEEK 2.................................................................................................................................................................................. 28
BAYLIS, J., SMITH, S., & OWENS, P. (2014). THE GLOBALIZATION OF WORLD POLITICS: AN INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS...........28
WOOD, M. C. (2007). UNITED NATIONS, SECURITY COUNCIL...................................................................................................................32
WEEK 3.................................................................................................................................................................................. 34
JØRGENSEN, K. E. (2018). THE LIBERAL INTERNATIONAL THEORY TRADITION. IN K. E. JØRGENSEN (ED.), INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY: A
NEW INTRODUCTION (PP. 66-87). BASINGSTOKE: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN...................................................................................................34
Currents of liberal thought........................................................................................................................................................35
GU, J., HUMPHREY, J., & MESSNER, D. (2008). GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE RISE OF CHINA.
WORLD DEVELOPMENT, 36(2), 274-292........................................................................................................................................... 38
WEEK 4.................................................................................................................................................................................. 42
MATTLI, W. (1999). THE LOGIC OF REGIONAL INTEGRATION: EUROPE AND BEYOND. CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS. [PP.41-57].....42
LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: BETWEEN THE OAS AND CELAC......................................................................................................45
AUTHOR(S): DANIELA SEGOVIA.............................................................................................................................................................45
TWO STEPS FORWARD? ASSESSING LATIN AMERICAN REGIONALISM THROUGH CELAC.................................................................................47
DENIS KENNEDY AND BRIAN BEATON.....................................................................................................................................................47

,Lecture 1
.1.1.1 It all started in Westphalia
1648: The birth of international system as we know it
- the end of the 30 years’ war (in Europe) and the 80 years’ war (in holland)
Consequences  recognition exclusive sovereignty (states wont meddle won’t get
into each other’s matters)

.1.1.2 Exclusive sovereignty
Internal and external
differences
- Internal state makes the decisions not overlapping sources of authority like
churches
- States are free from external intervention
Internal – back to roman era (state is free to decide the rules in its state, and no
other state can interfere; and other states can’t apply a law to another states; states
provide rule making)
External – geographically limited
- Other states can’t interfere to represent their people even
- The bubble is created around the state, anyone in the bubble can decide what
happens but what happens outside the bubble has little effect
- Outside intervention is possible only if rulers permit it and if they decide to
share
One you have a definition for internal or external and a state  you must have a
geographical rule (territory where rule applies)
Consequences:
- Today state is very much present in our lives because of internal and external
sovereignty
o What food you put on the place (food safety rules);
o before the ruler would just be in the capital

.1.1.3 Why states survived?
Advantages of state: written codes (reliability, predictability)
We had two competitors: empires and leagues over state
- Empires lack written codes, customary proceedings, legal climate for trade, high
transaction costs (very uncertain -> high truncation cost: cost during business)
- Leagues lack territorial contiguity (borders aren’t clear), fixed borders, clear
rules, internal hierarchy (some cities more equal than others  bad for
functioning of buisnesses

.1.1.4 States in international politics
States as actors
- States as unitary single actor
- Actions of the actors become state preferences

, .1.1.5 Anarchy
If states have external hierarchy no one has higher power no one can interfere
- Anarchy is the main and most basic assumption of the study of international
governance
- Different from domestic society
Anarchy doesn’t equal lack of order
Anarchy = lack of higher authority
- Leads to the 911 problem: if you have an issue in the international politics there
is no one you can call to save you because they have no right
- Consequences
o Uncertainty about the future
o Isle of tales

Game Theory
Game theory:
- We have players (people, companies states)
o Assumption that they are:
 Rational: simply they pursue their preferences
 Informed: aware what options they and others have
- Strategies (a choice thereof)
- Preferences (exist and are transitive)
o Transitive: You like a more the b the b more than c
- Solution (final point)
2 player models discussed Prisoner’s dilemma
2 robbers arrested (interested in their individual freedom then both of them)
- If you confess, you will be free (best option for A) (worst option for b)
- If they confess, they will be free (worst option) (best option for B)
- If both speak shorter
sentence (bad option for
both)
- Both silent  can’t catch
you for robbery (second
best option for both)
Nash equilibrium: no player
can increase their payoff as
long as the other player sticks
to the option
Why the worst fear?
Represents being exploited W below Opera Box
(you stayed silent) Opera 3 4 (best for 2 2 (or they
Exemplifies security dilemma wife both at spend an evening
opera) where is don’t
.1.1.6 Battle of sexes interest them
4>3>2>1 (4 is best) split)
Husband and wife that want Box 1 1 (worse for 4 3
to spend an evening together both because
they both do
something

different)