Jared Johnson _ Pediatric Asthma_Fundamental_Reasoning_LATEST | NUR 275 Pediatric Asthma_Fundamental_Reasoning_Graded A

Pediatric Asthma FUNDAMENTAL Reasoning Jared Johnson, 10 years old Primary Concept Gas Exchange Interrelated Concepts (In order of emphasis) 1. Inflammation 2. Clinical Judgment 3. Patient Education© 2016 Keith Rischer/www.KeithRN.com FUNDAMENTAL Reasoning: STUDENT History of Present Problem: Pediatric Asthma Jared Johnson is a 10 year-old African-American boy with a history of moderate persistent asthma. He is being admitted to the pediatric unit of the hospital from the walk-in clinic with an acute asthma exacerbation. Jared started complaining of increased chest tightness and shortness of breath one day prior to admission. He has been at 50 percent of his personal best measurement for his peak expiratory flow (PEF) meter reading which did not improve with the use of albuterol metered dose inhaler (MDI) (per his written asthma management plan). In the walk-in clinic Jared is alert, speaking in short sentences due to breathlessness at rest. He has coarse expiratory wheezes throughout both lung fields with decreased breath sounds at the right base. His oxygen saturation on room air is 90%. His color is ashen and he has dark circles under his eyes. He is sitting upright and using his accessory chest muscles to breath and has moderate intercostal and substernal retractions. He is complaining of tightness in his chest. Jared was diagnosed with asthma at age 6 years and has three prior hospitalizations for asthma with one admission to the pediatric intensive care unit. He has never had to be intubated with these episodes. Personal/Social History: He is accompanied by his mother and 16-year-old sister. Jared lives with his mother, maternal grandmother, and sister in an older housing development in the inner city. He is in the 5th grade and a good student despite two to three absences per school year for his asthma. He likes to ride his bike and is the goalie on the soccer team. He says that he has lots of friends at school and likes his teacher, Mr. Bates, who is also his soccer coach. Both Jared and his mother deny tobacco smoke at home. What data from the histories are important and RELEVANT; therefore it has clinical significance to the nurse? RELEVANT Data from Present Problem: Clinical Significance: History of moderate persistent asthma. Increased chest tightness and shortness of breath 50 percent of his personal best measurement for his peak expiratory flow (PEF) meter Coarse expiratory wheezes throughout both lung fields with decreased breath sounds at the right base. His oxygen saturation on room air is 90%. His color is ashen and he has dark circles under his eyes. Using his accessory chest muscles to breath and has moderate intercostal and substernal retractions. Has been treated before. Subjective data. Oxygen is running low. Breath sounds are not normal. Oxygen Saturation is low. Skin color is not normal. Sign of a breathing problem. RELEVANT Data from Social History: Clinical Significance: Lives with his mother, maternal grandmother, and sister in an older housing development in the inner city. Both patient and his mother deny tobacco smoke at home. Sister did not deny tobacco use.© 2016 Keith Rischer/www.KeithRN.com Two to three absences per school year for his asthma. Chronic problem. Patient Care Begins: Current VS: P-Q-R-S-T Pain Assessment (5th VS): T: 99.9 F/37.7 C (oral) Provoking/Palliative: Worsens when tries to take a deep breath. Feels better when allowed to sit upright on gurney P: 120 (regular) Quality: Tightness R: 30 (regular) Region/Radiation: Across anterior chest BP: 114/78 Severity: 8/10 O2 sat: 90% on room air Timing: Constant End Tidal CO2: 30© 2016 Keith Rischer/www.KeithRN.com What VS data are RELEVANT and must be recognized as clinically significant to the nurse? - - - - - - - - - - -Continued