CCTN REVIEW- GENERAL TRANSPLANTATION CARE
EXAM 2026 WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
Cholestasis - Precise Answer ✔✔a condition where the bile cannot flow from the liver to the
duodenum of the small intestines.
Intrahepatic bile duct - Precise Answer ✔✔passes through and drain bile from the liver.
Diseases that affect the Intrahepatic bile duct are: - Precise Answer ✔✔biliary atresia
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Iatrogenic drug induced diseases
Familial cholestasis
Cystic fibrosis
Biliary atresia - Precise Answer ✔✔common bile duct between the liver and small intestines is
blocked.
Primary biliary cirrhosis - Precise Answer ✔✔disease that destroys the bile ducts in the liver.
Iatrogenic drug induced diseases - Precise Answer ✔✔chlorpromazine
tolbutamide
Familial cholestasis - Precise Answer ✔✔Byler's syndrome
Arteriohepatic dysplasia
Cystic fibrosis - Precise Answer ✔✔sticky buildup of mucus in the intestines can lead to
inspissated (thickened, dried) bile syndrome and cirrhosis.
IDDM (Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus)- Brittle Type 1 Diabetes
(no signs of advanced diabetic nephropathy) - Precise Answer ✔✔the most common disease
that requires a pancreas transplant.
alcoholism with liver changes - Precise Answer ✔✔most common disease that require a liver
transplant
cholestasis - Precise Answer ✔✔most common disease that require a liver transplant
chronic hepatitis - Precise Answer ✔✔most common disease that require a liver transplant
genetic diseases (Crigler-Najjar syndrome, hereditary oxalises, familial hypercholesterolemia). -
Precise Answer ✔✔most common disease that require a liver transplant
, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)- <5 cm accompanied by cirrhosis - Precise Answer ✔✔most
common dx. that req. a liver transplant.
metabolic disease - Precise Answer ✔✔most common dx. that req. a liver transplant.
Coagulopathy of liver disease - Precise Answer ✔✔Cirrhosis
Impaired hepatic function
*Decreased synthesis of clotting factors II, V, VII, IX and fibrinogen*
Factor VIII levels occasionally ↑
PT prolonged, aPTT prolonged in longstanding disease
*Usually does not require treatment unless bleeding complications occur*
FFP if active bleeding with prolonged aPTT and PTT
Cryoprecipitate if fibrinogen < 80 mg/dL
organ transplant
Hepatic encephalopathy - Precise Answer ✔✔impaired ammonia metabolism causes cerebral
edema. s/s: change in LOC, memory loss, asterixis (flapping tremor) impaired handwriting,
hyperventilation w/ resp alkalosis. Rx: lactulose, low protein, safety, rest
esophageal varices - Precise Answer ✔✔swollen, twisted veins in the esophagus that are
especially susceptible to ulceration and hemorrhage
bacterial peritonitis - Precise Answer ✔✔general (diffuse) inflammation of the serous lining of
the peritoneum
diabetes, HTN, glomerulonephritis - Precise Answer ✔✔3 main causes of ESRD
diabetes mellitus - Precise Answer ✔✔at present the number one cause of ESRD
development of nephropathy - Precise Answer ✔✔linked genetic predisposition
age
Hyperglycemia
HTN
gender
smoking
ethnicity
smoking, HTN, blood glucose level - Precise Answer ✔✔imperative patient education on
controllable factors of ESRD
glomerulonephritis - Precise Answer ✔✔degenerative condition, kidney filtration system is
inflamed, has scar tissue and no longer able to properly remove body waste efficiently. Leads to
to High blood pressure which in turn leads to progressive loss of kidney function.Dx. req. kidney
transplant.
polycystic kidney disease - Precise Answer ✔✔condition in which the kidney contains many
cysts and is enlarged. Dx. req. kidney transplant.
EXAM 2026 WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
Cholestasis - Precise Answer ✔✔a condition where the bile cannot flow from the liver to the
duodenum of the small intestines.
Intrahepatic bile duct - Precise Answer ✔✔passes through and drain bile from the liver.
Diseases that affect the Intrahepatic bile duct are: - Precise Answer ✔✔biliary atresia
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Iatrogenic drug induced diseases
Familial cholestasis
Cystic fibrosis
Biliary atresia - Precise Answer ✔✔common bile duct between the liver and small intestines is
blocked.
Primary biliary cirrhosis - Precise Answer ✔✔disease that destroys the bile ducts in the liver.
Iatrogenic drug induced diseases - Precise Answer ✔✔chlorpromazine
tolbutamide
Familial cholestasis - Precise Answer ✔✔Byler's syndrome
Arteriohepatic dysplasia
Cystic fibrosis - Precise Answer ✔✔sticky buildup of mucus in the intestines can lead to
inspissated (thickened, dried) bile syndrome and cirrhosis.
IDDM (Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus)- Brittle Type 1 Diabetes
(no signs of advanced diabetic nephropathy) - Precise Answer ✔✔the most common disease
that requires a pancreas transplant.
alcoholism with liver changes - Precise Answer ✔✔most common disease that require a liver
transplant
cholestasis - Precise Answer ✔✔most common disease that require a liver transplant
chronic hepatitis - Precise Answer ✔✔most common disease that require a liver transplant
genetic diseases (Crigler-Najjar syndrome, hereditary oxalises, familial hypercholesterolemia). -
Precise Answer ✔✔most common disease that require a liver transplant
, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)- <5 cm accompanied by cirrhosis - Precise Answer ✔✔most
common dx. that req. a liver transplant.
metabolic disease - Precise Answer ✔✔most common dx. that req. a liver transplant.
Coagulopathy of liver disease - Precise Answer ✔✔Cirrhosis
Impaired hepatic function
*Decreased synthesis of clotting factors II, V, VII, IX and fibrinogen*
Factor VIII levels occasionally ↑
PT prolonged, aPTT prolonged in longstanding disease
*Usually does not require treatment unless bleeding complications occur*
FFP if active bleeding with prolonged aPTT and PTT
Cryoprecipitate if fibrinogen < 80 mg/dL
organ transplant
Hepatic encephalopathy - Precise Answer ✔✔impaired ammonia metabolism causes cerebral
edema. s/s: change in LOC, memory loss, asterixis (flapping tremor) impaired handwriting,
hyperventilation w/ resp alkalosis. Rx: lactulose, low protein, safety, rest
esophageal varices - Precise Answer ✔✔swollen, twisted veins in the esophagus that are
especially susceptible to ulceration and hemorrhage
bacterial peritonitis - Precise Answer ✔✔general (diffuse) inflammation of the serous lining of
the peritoneum
diabetes, HTN, glomerulonephritis - Precise Answer ✔✔3 main causes of ESRD
diabetes mellitus - Precise Answer ✔✔at present the number one cause of ESRD
development of nephropathy - Precise Answer ✔✔linked genetic predisposition
age
Hyperglycemia
HTN
gender
smoking
ethnicity
smoking, HTN, blood glucose level - Precise Answer ✔✔imperative patient education on
controllable factors of ESRD
glomerulonephritis - Precise Answer ✔✔degenerative condition, kidney filtration system is
inflamed, has scar tissue and no longer able to properly remove body waste efficiently. Leads to
to High blood pressure which in turn leads to progressive loss of kidney function.Dx. req. kidney
transplant.
polycystic kidney disease - Precise Answer ✔✔condition in which the kidney contains many
cysts and is enlarged. Dx. req. kidney transplant.
