REVIEW 2026
◉ What is the maximum annual Radiation exposure? Answer: 5 REM
◉ What is the therapeutic INR range for someone on
warfarin/coumadin? Answer: 2.0-3.0
◉ What is a normal INR for someone not on coumadin/warfarin?
Answer: INR 0.6-1.2
◉ When using FFR, what drug is given and how is it delivered?
Answer: Adenosine causes hyperemia (Increased blood flow to the
tissues.
Can be delivered by either IV or IC
◉ What are the pros and cons of a mechanical aortic valve? Answer:
Pros: last longer
Cons: Prone to thrombus formation
◉ Why would you use Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CTR)
pacing device (such as biventricular pacing)? How many leads does
it use? Where are they placed? Answer: uses 2-3 leads
,placed through a vein in the RA, RV and into coronal sinus vein to
pace the LV
A CRT device sends small electrical impulses to both lower
chambers of the heart to help them beat together in a more
synchronized pattern.
◉ What are the angioplasty guidewire calibers? Answer: 0.014-
0.018 inch
◉ When can you detect Myoglobin after an MI? Answer: * 2-4 hours
after symptom onset * normal in 24-36 hours
◉ What is the diameter of the standard J wire? Answer: 0.035
◉ What is the Warfarin ( Coumadin) antagonist? Answer: vitamin K
◉ When shooting a LIMA, the cuff should be? Answer: Isolateral
(same side as LIMA) left arm
◉ What is the usual time for restenosis to occur? Answer: within 6
months
◉ What size is the red sheath? Answer: *4F-red
, ◉ What size is the grey sheath? Answer: 5F-grey
◉ What size is the green sheath? Answer: 6F- green
◉ What size is the orange sheath? Answer: 7F-orange
◉ What size is the blue sheath? Answer: 8F-blue
◉ What size is black sheath? Answer: 9F-black
◉ What is the name of the self expanding stent used in the carotid
arteries, SVG, Iliac and femoral vessels? Answer: Wall stent
◉ Where can a wall stent be used? Answer: carotid arteries, SVG,
Iliac and femoral vessels
◉ What is the loading dose of aspirin in a patient with
ischemia/chest pain? Answer: 162-325 mg
◉ Should you increase or decrease burr speed when you increase
from a 1.25-2.15 burr? Answer: decrease