What is genetics? - ANSWER study of genes and what they do; branch of biology that
deals with heredity and variation
root of the natural diversity that we observe among members of the same species as well as
among different species - ANSWER Genetic variation
Gene - ANSWER "Unit of heredity", usually described according to the way it affects
the traits or characteristics of an organism
How many genes are there? - ANSWER Around 30,000-35,000
How much of the genome is coded for? - ANSWER less than 5 %
What is the largest cellular molecule in humans? - ANSWER DNA
Categories of larger cellular molecules: - ANSWER Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA), Proteins,
Carbohydrates and lipids
Proteome - ANSWER All the proteins that a cell makes at a given time
Constitutive Gene - ANSWER Unregulated; different cell types; transcribed continually;
different types
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,Housekeeping Gene - ANSWER Ongoing business; histones; continually made; can
control (turn on/off) housekeeping depending on growth cycle
Inducible - ANSWER Gene that can be turned on or off; produces proteins on a
continual basis
Genetic Code - ANSWER DNA sequences within most genes contain the information to
direct the order of amino acids within polypeptides
Which codon is the least conserved? - ANSWER Last
Does every gene code for a protein? - ANSWER NO! tRNA, rRNA, mRNA
When studying a genetic cross, the second generation following the initial cross is identified
by which of the following?
a. P generation
b. F1 generation
c. F2 generation
d. F3 generation
e. P3 generation - ANSWER F2 generation
A true bredding line of green pod pea plants is crossed with a true-breeding line of yellow
pod plants. All of their offspring have green pods. From this information, it can be stated
that the green color is_____.
a. recessive
b. dominant
c. subservient
2
, d. blended
e. non of the answers are correct - ANSWER dominant
When Mendel crossed two plants that were heterozygous for a single trait, what was the
phenotypic ratio of their offspring?
a. 1 : 2 : 1
b. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
c. 3 : 1
d. 7 : 4
e. varied depending on the trait - ANSWER 3:1
An individual who has two identical alleles for a trait is said to be _____.
a. homozygous
b. heterozygous
c. isozygous
d. a variant - ANSWER homozygous
The genetic composition of an individual is called its _____.
a. phenotype
b. genotype
c. hybrid
d. dominance
e. non of the answers are correct - ANSWER genotype
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deals with heredity and variation
root of the natural diversity that we observe among members of the same species as well as
among different species - ANSWER Genetic variation
Gene - ANSWER "Unit of heredity", usually described according to the way it affects
the traits or characteristics of an organism
How many genes are there? - ANSWER Around 30,000-35,000
How much of the genome is coded for? - ANSWER less than 5 %
What is the largest cellular molecule in humans? - ANSWER DNA
Categories of larger cellular molecules: - ANSWER Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA), Proteins,
Carbohydrates and lipids
Proteome - ANSWER All the proteins that a cell makes at a given time
Constitutive Gene - ANSWER Unregulated; different cell types; transcribed continually;
different types
1
,Housekeeping Gene - ANSWER Ongoing business; histones; continually made; can
control (turn on/off) housekeeping depending on growth cycle
Inducible - ANSWER Gene that can be turned on or off; produces proteins on a
continual basis
Genetic Code - ANSWER DNA sequences within most genes contain the information to
direct the order of amino acids within polypeptides
Which codon is the least conserved? - ANSWER Last
Does every gene code for a protein? - ANSWER NO! tRNA, rRNA, mRNA
When studying a genetic cross, the second generation following the initial cross is identified
by which of the following?
a. P generation
b. F1 generation
c. F2 generation
d. F3 generation
e. P3 generation - ANSWER F2 generation
A true bredding line of green pod pea plants is crossed with a true-breeding line of yellow
pod plants. All of their offspring have green pods. From this information, it can be stated
that the green color is_____.
a. recessive
b. dominant
c. subservient
2
, d. blended
e. non of the answers are correct - ANSWER dominant
When Mendel crossed two plants that were heterozygous for a single trait, what was the
phenotypic ratio of their offspring?
a. 1 : 2 : 1
b. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
c. 3 : 1
d. 7 : 4
e. varied depending on the trait - ANSWER 3:1
An individual who has two identical alleles for a trait is said to be _____.
a. homozygous
b. heterozygous
c. isozygous
d. a variant - ANSWER homozygous
The genetic composition of an individual is called its _____.
a. phenotype
b. genotype
c. hybrid
d. dominance
e. non of the answers are correct - ANSWER genotype
3
