NR 222 Comprehensive Final Review | Latest study |
Questions and Answers | 2026 Updates
Nursing - ANSWER- Nursing involves the diagnosis & treatment of human responses to
health & illness.
Nursing Process (Standard of Practice) - ADPIE - ANSWER- Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
A
Assessment - ANSWER- RN collect comprehensive data pertinent to the client's health &
the situation. Organizing data to draw conclusions about client's problems.
Example: Asking questions about reason for visit, history of problem, physical symptoms, client's
feelings about the situation.
Assessment of patient's nutritional status "Tell me what you had to eat and drink during the last
24 hours."
Clumping assessment data helps us identify patient needs & draw inferences.
D
Diagnosis (nursing) - ANSWER- RN analyzes assessment data to determine diagnoses. RN
identifies expected outcomes for the patient.
P
Planning - ANSWER- RN develops a plan of care that involves interventions to attain
expected outcomes for the patient.
I
Implementation - ANSWER- RN implements interventions identified in the plan based on
the nursing diagnosis.
, E
Evaluation - ANSWER- RN evaluates progress toward attainment of outcomes.
Nursing Assessment - ANSWER- Gathering of OBJECTIVE & SUBJECTIVE DATA about clients
physiological, psychological, sociological and spiritual status.
Objective data - ANSWER- is information that the nurse perceives, such as via
observation, hearing, smelling, feeling. Objective data includes data such as vital signs and lab
results.
Subjective data - ANSWER- is information provided to the nurse by the client. For
example, a client tells you they have a pain in their leg. The nurse cannot 'see' the pain;
however, the nurse can see the grimace on the face of someone experiencing pain. This grimace
on their face would be an objective observation.
Professional Responsibility of the Nurse - ANSWER- Registered Nurses (RN) can delegate
'responsibility' but NOT 'accountability'. For example, delegation is a role of the professional
nurse. If a nurse delegates an assignment to a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) or Licensed
Practical Nurse (LPN), the RN is still accountable for the care of the patient, while the CNA or
LPN is responsible for the care.
Roles of the Nurse in Promoting Health & Wellness - ANSWER- 1. Advocate
2. Educator
3. Deliverer of Services/Direct Care Provider
4. Researcher
Standard of Care & The Code of Ethics - ANSWER- Nurses must abide by the Standards of
Care and the Code of Ethics.
The Code of Ethics says that the nurse's allegiance is to the client. We are advocates for them.
Nursing Standards of Care - ANSWER- Safety GUIDELINES established by the profession for
nursing practice.
Feminist Ethics - ANSWER- Emphasis is on the care of vulnerable populations
example: women, children, homeless
Ethical Decisions-Making Process - ANSWER- It is important to recognize that there is an
existing ethical dilemma in the first place (identify the problem or dilemma first).
Questions and Answers | 2026 Updates
Nursing - ANSWER- Nursing involves the diagnosis & treatment of human responses to
health & illness.
Nursing Process (Standard of Practice) - ADPIE - ANSWER- Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
A
Assessment - ANSWER- RN collect comprehensive data pertinent to the client's health &
the situation. Organizing data to draw conclusions about client's problems.
Example: Asking questions about reason for visit, history of problem, physical symptoms, client's
feelings about the situation.
Assessment of patient's nutritional status "Tell me what you had to eat and drink during the last
24 hours."
Clumping assessment data helps us identify patient needs & draw inferences.
D
Diagnosis (nursing) - ANSWER- RN analyzes assessment data to determine diagnoses. RN
identifies expected outcomes for the patient.
P
Planning - ANSWER- RN develops a plan of care that involves interventions to attain
expected outcomes for the patient.
I
Implementation - ANSWER- RN implements interventions identified in the plan based on
the nursing diagnosis.
, E
Evaluation - ANSWER- RN evaluates progress toward attainment of outcomes.
Nursing Assessment - ANSWER- Gathering of OBJECTIVE & SUBJECTIVE DATA about clients
physiological, psychological, sociological and spiritual status.
Objective data - ANSWER- is information that the nurse perceives, such as via
observation, hearing, smelling, feeling. Objective data includes data such as vital signs and lab
results.
Subjective data - ANSWER- is information provided to the nurse by the client. For
example, a client tells you they have a pain in their leg. The nurse cannot 'see' the pain;
however, the nurse can see the grimace on the face of someone experiencing pain. This grimace
on their face would be an objective observation.
Professional Responsibility of the Nurse - ANSWER- Registered Nurses (RN) can delegate
'responsibility' but NOT 'accountability'. For example, delegation is a role of the professional
nurse. If a nurse delegates an assignment to a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) or Licensed
Practical Nurse (LPN), the RN is still accountable for the care of the patient, while the CNA or
LPN is responsible for the care.
Roles of the Nurse in Promoting Health & Wellness - ANSWER- 1. Advocate
2. Educator
3. Deliverer of Services/Direct Care Provider
4. Researcher
Standard of Care & The Code of Ethics - ANSWER- Nurses must abide by the Standards of
Care and the Code of Ethics.
The Code of Ethics says that the nurse's allegiance is to the client. We are advocates for them.
Nursing Standards of Care - ANSWER- Safety GUIDELINES established by the profession for
nursing practice.
Feminist Ethics - ANSWER- Emphasis is on the care of vulnerable populations
example: women, children, homeless
Ethical Decisions-Making Process - ANSWER- It is important to recognize that there is an
existing ethical dilemma in the first place (identify the problem or dilemma first).
