PSYCH 217 Exam One Practice Test | Complete Solutions – UBC Research Methods

PSYCH 217 EXAM ONE WITH COMPLETE b b b b b




SOLUTIONS b




Kindness

(In bthis bclass...We're bgoing bto btry bto bunderstand bwhere bthese bintuitions bcome
b b b b b b b b b b b




bfrom, bwhat bthey bare, band bhow bthey boperate) b- b bcorrect banswer-Our bintuitions
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bare boften bstrong babout bwhat bis bkind band bwhat bis bcruel bbelow bare bexamples bof
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bwhat bwe bmay bconsider b______
b b b b b




Nurturing ba bchild b b




Risking byour blife bto bsave bsomeone
b b b b b




Supporting bthe bfamilies bof bpeople bwho bhave bbeen bkilled bby bsuicide bbombers
b b b b b b b b b b b




Supporting bthe bfamilies bof bsuicide bbombers?
b b b b b




Cruelty b b




(In bthis bclass...We're bgoing bto btry bto bunderstand bwhere bthese bintuitions bcome
b b b b b b b b b b b




bfrom, bwhat bthey bare, band bhow bthey boperate) b- b bcorrect banswer-Our bintuitions
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bare boften bstrong babout bwhat bis bkind band bwhat bis bcruel bbelow bare bexamples bof
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bwhat bwe bmay bconsider b______
b b b b b




Murder

Genocide

Bullying

Laughing band brejoicing bat bthe bplight bof ba bdying bperson?
b b b b b b b b b




Rejoicing bin bthe bdeath bof bOsama bBin bLaden?
b b b b b b b




sad

(We're bgoing bto bunderstand bthe bway bwe bthink babout bcruel bvs. bkind) b- b bcorrect
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




banswer-How b______do byou bfeel bto bimagine bthe bdeath bof...
b b b b b b b b b

,· bA bBacterium
b b




· bA bworm
b b




· bA bchicken
b b




· bA bdog
b b




· bA bman bin bBrazil
b b b b




· bA bstudent bon byour bcampus
b b b b b




-Your bfamily b




cooperation b b




conflict bprocesses b- b bcorrect banswer-Our bgoal bin bthis bclass bis bto bunderstand bthe
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




borigins band boperation bof b_________ b(kind) band b_______ b_______ b(cruel) bin
b b b b b b b b b b b




bhumans
b




Our bgoal bin bthis bclass bis bto bdecode bwhat bmakes bsomething b"cruel" bor b"kind"
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




visceral

cautions b- b bcorrect banswer-In bthis bclass b b b b b b




He bis bnot btrying bto bchange byour b________ breactions bto bwhat byou bconsider bright
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




band bwrong
b b




If byou bwant bto bapply bthis bknowledge bto byour blife, bor bto bwhat byou bvalue, byou
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bcan...
b




o bBut bthere bare bsome bspecial b"_________" bhow bto buse bthis bknowledge
b b b b b b b b b b b




1) bDon't bCommit bto bthe bNaturalistic bFallacy b
b b b b b b b




2) bEvolution bMatters: bDon't bIgnore bour bSpecies bEvolved bCharacteristics b
b b b b b b b b b




3) bMotivational bAutonomy: bBiology bdetermines bwhat bCAN bbe, bnot bwhat bMUST
b b b b b b b b b b




bbe
b




4) bThe bsocial bNature bof bour bspecies bis bthe bkey bfor bcruelty band bKindness
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




5) bThe bhuman bbrain's bcapabilities breflect bour bevolution b- b bcorrect banswer-What
b b b b b b b b b b b




bare bthe bcautions bwhen busing bthe bknowledge blearned bin bthis bclass?
b b b b b b b b b b b




Naturalistic bFallacy b- b bcorrect banswer-What bis btypical bdoes bnot bdetermine bwhat b b b b b b b b b b b




bIs bright
b b




We bhave bto bbe bcareful bto bnot bcommit bwhat bis bcalled bthe b__________
b b b b b b b b b b b b




b__________: bThis bbehavior bis b"natural" b(or bevolved bor btypical): btherefore, bthis
b b b b b b b b b b b




bbehavior bis bmoral
b b b




What bis bnatural bis bnot balways bright bor bwhat bthey bdid bin bthe bpast bis bnot balways
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bright
b




Our bgoal bis bnot bto bcondemn bor bpraise, bbut bto bunderstand
b b b b b b b b b b




Biological bunderstanding bdoesn't bsay bwhat b"should bbe" b b b b b b

,Evolution bMatters b(Don't bIgnore bOur bSpecies' bEvolved bCharacteristics) b- b bcorrect
b b b b b b b b b b




banswer-What bcaution bis bdescribed bbelow?
b b b b b




Being baware bof bthe bnaturalistic bfallacy bprotects bus bfrom bincorrectly barguing bthat
b b b b b b b b b b b




bthere bis ba bbiological bbasis bfor bdetermining bour bvalues
b b b b b b b b b




But bwe balso bmust bguard bagainst bassuming bthat bwe bcan beasily bcreate bany bkind
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bof bmoral bsystem bwe bwant
b b b b b




Our bbrains band bour bculture bare brooted bin bthe bevolutionary bhistory bof bour bspecies
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




Our bmoral bintuitions bare binfluenced bby bour bbrain band bour bspecies-typical bsocial
b b b b b b b b b b b




bstructure
b




Motivational bAutonomy b- b bcorrect banswer-Biology bdetermines bwhat bCAN bbe, bnot b b b b b b b b b b




bwhat bMUST bbe
b b b




(Can bI bfly? b- bI bcan't bjust bgrow bwings bthat bis bnot bpart bof bmy bbiology...I bcannot
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bsee bultraviolet blight, bbut bI bdo bhave bcolor bvision
b b b b b b b b b




o bBiology bcan btell bus bwhat bcan bbe bpossible bbut bdoesn't btell bus bwhat bhas bto bbe
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bdone)
b




building bblocks b- b bcorrect banswer-In bregard bto bmotivational bautonomy...
b b b b b b b b b




Our bspecies btypical bbrain band bsocial bstructure bprovide ba blot bof b________
b b b b b b b b b b b




b________
b




Our bspecies btypical bbrain band bsocial bstructure bprovide ba blot bof bthem.
b b b b b b b b b b b




biology bgives bus bbuilding bblocks bbut bdoesn't bdetermine bwhat's bdone bwith bthem
b b b b b b b b b b b




EXAMPLES:

How bthose bbuilding bblocks bare bput btogether band bapplied bis boften bvery bflexible
b b b b b b b b b b b b




b(you bare bdecider bof bhow byou bbehave)- byou bdon't bget bto bdecide bif banger bis ba
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bpart bof byour bbrain bor bnot, b(you bdon't bget bto bdecide bif byou bhave ba bliver bor bnot),
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bbut bhow bthey bare bused bis bup bto byou
b b b b b b b b b




in bsome bcultures banger bis bpraised, bin bother bcultures bit's bviewed bas bbad bif byou
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bhave btoo bmuch b- bculturally bhow bwhen band bwhy banger bis bexpressed
b b b b b b b b b b b b




as ba bchild bwho bhad bwooden bblocks, bthe bblocks byou bput bin bare bpredetermined
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bby byou bbut bwhat bthe bchild bbuilds bwith bthose bblocks bis bup bto bthem b- b bcorrect
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




banswer-What bis bmean bby b"building bblocks"?
b b b b b b




biology bgives bus bthe b52 bcards bin bthe bdeck b(we bcan't bsay bI bdon't bwant bjokers)
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b

, we bcan bcreate blimitless bamounts bof bcard bgames bwe bcan bplay, bthe bways bwe bcan
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




btake bthose b52 bcards band buse bthem bis bimmense
b b b b b b b b b




that bis bwhat bour bspecies bhas bdone...we bhave btaken bthe bdeck bof bcards bbiology
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bhas bgiven bus bthe bdeck bof bcards bfor bcooperation bthe bdeck bof bcards bfrom
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bconflicts, band bwith bthis bdeck bof bcards bhanded bdown bfrom bour bancestors bwe
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bhave bcreated bsomething band bused bit bto bcreate bsomething bfrom bour bown
b b b b b b b b b b b b




bchoices, byour bculture bwill binfluence bwhat byou bdo bwith bit b- b bcorrect banswer-What
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bis bthe bdeck bof bcards banalogy?
b b b b b b




skeptical b- b bcorrect banswer-We bshould bbe b________ babout bthe binevitability bof
b b b b b b b b b b b




bany bkind bof bOUTCOME bor bGENERALIZATION b(ex. bWar bis binevitable", b"people
b b b b b b b b b b b




bare bfundamentally bselfish") b
b b b b




- bprobably bnot, bmay bbe bsome bimportant bbuilding bblocks bthat binfluence bus, bbut
b b b b b b b b b b b b




bwhen bit bcomes bto bcruelty band bkindness bits bvery bunlikely bthat bthere bis bsome
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bbiological bthing btelling bus bto bdo bwhat bwe bdo, bit bis bup bto bus, bwe bmay bbe
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




binfluenced bthough
b b




groups b- b bcorrect banswer-Human blife bis borganized baround b_______
b b b b b b b b b




Without bthem, bancestral bhumans bwould bquickly bperish
b b b b b b




We bare bstill bcompletely bdependent bon bthem bfor bsurvival b(and bthriving)
b b b b b b b b b b




This bheritage band bcurrent breality bof bhumans bas b_______-living bprimates bis bthe
b b b b b b b b b b b




bsingle, bsimple, bkey bto beverything bwe bare bgoing bto btalk babout bin bthis bclass
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b




neurology b- b bcorrect banswer-This bclass bis bnot bon b_________ b b b b b b b b b




Don't bworry babout bhaving bto bmemorize ba blot bof bneurology
b b b b b b b b b




But bwe'll btalk babout bbrain bmechanisms band bprocesses band bhow bthe bplay ba brole
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bin b"cruel" band b"kind" bbehavior
b b b b b




emotion

conscious

Culture

flexibility b- b bcorrect banswer-Some bKey bNuerological bFeatures
b b b b b b b




1. bA brich b_________ bsystem bwith bfast breactions bto bevents b(the broots bof bour
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




bmorality)
b




2. bA bslower b_________ bsystem bthat binterprets band bmakes bsense bof bour
b b b b b b b b b b b




bbehavior
b




3. b________ bas ba bmeans bof bbehavioral bcontrol b(ex. bMimicry)
b b b b b b b b b