NR 508 WEEK 4 MIDTERM EXAM VERSION 2
EXAM SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS
◉ Phase I oxidative-reductive processes of drug metabolism require
certain nutritional elements. Which of the following would reduce or
inhibit this process?
1. Protein malnutrition
2. Iron-deficiency anemia
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2. Answer: 4. Neither 1 nor 2
◉ The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease
by 50% is called:
1. Steady state
2. Half-life
3. Phase II metabolism
4. Reduced bioavailability time. Answer: 2. Half-life
◉ An agonist activates a receptor and stimulates a response. When
given frequently over time, the body may:
1. Upregulate the total number of receptors
,2. Block the receptor with a partial agonist
3. Alter the drug's metabolism
4. Downregulate the numbers of that specific receptor. Answer: 4.
Downregulate the numbers of that specific receptor
◉ Drug antagonism is best defined as an effect of a drug that:
1. Leads to major physiological and psychological dependence
2. Is modified by the concurrent administration of another drug
3. Cannot be metabolized before another dose is administered
4. Leads to a decreased physiological response when combined with
another drug. Answer: 2. Is modified by the concurrent
administration of another drug
◉ Instructions to a client regarding self-administration of oral
enteric-coated tablets should include which of the following
statements?
1. "Avoid any other oral medicines while taking this drug."
2. "If swallowing this tablet is difficult, dissolve it in 3 ounces of
orange juice."
3. "The tablet may be crushed if you have any difficulty taking it."
4. "To achieve best effect, take the tablet with at least 8 ounces of
fluid.". Answer: 4. "To achieve best effect, take the tablet with at least
8 ounces of fluid."
,◉ The major reason for not crushing a sustained-release capsule is
that, if crushed, the coated beads of the drugs could possibly result
in:
1. Disintegration
2. Toxicity
3. Malabsorption
4. Deterioration. Answer: 2. Toxicity
◉ Which of the following substances is the most likely to be
absorbed in the intestines rather than in the stomach?
1. Sodium bicarbonate
2. Ascorbic acid
3. Salicylic acid
4. Glucose. Answer: 1. Sodium bicarbonate
◉ Which of the following variables is a factor in drug absorption?
1. The smaller the surface area for absorption, the more rapidly the
drug is absorbed.
2. A rich blood supply to the area of absorption leads to better
absorption.
3. The less soluble the drug, the more easily it is absorbed.
4. Ionized drugs are easily absorbed across the cell membrane..
Answer: 2. A rich blood supply to the area of absorption leads to
better absorption.
, ◉ An advantage of prescribing a sublingual medication is that the
medication is:
1. Absorbed rapidly
2. Excreted rapidly
3. Metabolized minimally
4. Distributed equally. Answer: 1. Absorbed rapidly
◉ Drugs that use CYP 3A4 isoenzymes for metabolism may:
1. Induce the metabolism of another drug
2. Inhibit the metabolism of another drug
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2. Answer: 3. Both 1 and 2
◉ Therapeutic drug levels are drawn when a drug reaches steady
state. Drugs reach steady state:
1. After the second dose
2. After four to five half-lives
3. When the patient feels the full effect of the drug
4. One hour after IV administration. Answer: 2. After four to five half-
lives
EXAM SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS
◉ Phase I oxidative-reductive processes of drug metabolism require
certain nutritional elements. Which of the following would reduce or
inhibit this process?
1. Protein malnutrition
2. Iron-deficiency anemia
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2. Answer: 4. Neither 1 nor 2
◉ The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease
by 50% is called:
1. Steady state
2. Half-life
3. Phase II metabolism
4. Reduced bioavailability time. Answer: 2. Half-life
◉ An agonist activates a receptor and stimulates a response. When
given frequently over time, the body may:
1. Upregulate the total number of receptors
,2. Block the receptor with a partial agonist
3. Alter the drug's metabolism
4. Downregulate the numbers of that specific receptor. Answer: 4.
Downregulate the numbers of that specific receptor
◉ Drug antagonism is best defined as an effect of a drug that:
1. Leads to major physiological and psychological dependence
2. Is modified by the concurrent administration of another drug
3. Cannot be metabolized before another dose is administered
4. Leads to a decreased physiological response when combined with
another drug. Answer: 2. Is modified by the concurrent
administration of another drug
◉ Instructions to a client regarding self-administration of oral
enteric-coated tablets should include which of the following
statements?
1. "Avoid any other oral medicines while taking this drug."
2. "If swallowing this tablet is difficult, dissolve it in 3 ounces of
orange juice."
3. "The tablet may be crushed if you have any difficulty taking it."
4. "To achieve best effect, take the tablet with at least 8 ounces of
fluid.". Answer: 4. "To achieve best effect, take the tablet with at least
8 ounces of fluid."
,◉ The major reason for not crushing a sustained-release capsule is
that, if crushed, the coated beads of the drugs could possibly result
in:
1. Disintegration
2. Toxicity
3. Malabsorption
4. Deterioration. Answer: 2. Toxicity
◉ Which of the following substances is the most likely to be
absorbed in the intestines rather than in the stomach?
1. Sodium bicarbonate
2. Ascorbic acid
3. Salicylic acid
4. Glucose. Answer: 1. Sodium bicarbonate
◉ Which of the following variables is a factor in drug absorption?
1. The smaller the surface area for absorption, the more rapidly the
drug is absorbed.
2. A rich blood supply to the area of absorption leads to better
absorption.
3. The less soluble the drug, the more easily it is absorbed.
4. Ionized drugs are easily absorbed across the cell membrane..
Answer: 2. A rich blood supply to the area of absorption leads to
better absorption.
, ◉ An advantage of prescribing a sublingual medication is that the
medication is:
1. Absorbed rapidly
2. Excreted rapidly
3. Metabolized minimally
4. Distributed equally. Answer: 1. Absorbed rapidly
◉ Drugs that use CYP 3A4 isoenzymes for metabolism may:
1. Induce the metabolism of another drug
2. Inhibit the metabolism of another drug
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2. Answer: 3. Both 1 and 2
◉ Therapeutic drug levels are drawn when a drug reaches steady
state. Drugs reach steady state:
1. After the second dose
2. After four to five half-lives
3. When the patient feels the full effect of the drug
4. One hour after IV administration. Answer: 2. After four to five half-
lives
