Rivas CHEM 2261 Exam 1 (Concepts)
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Pass Solutions.
What is Organic Chemistry? - Answer The study of carbon compounds.
What is atomic number (Z)? - Answer The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
What is mass number (A)? - Answer The total number of protons and neutrons in the
nucleus of an atom.
What is an isotope? - Answer Molecules that have the same atomic numbers but different
mass numbers.
What is a cation? - Answer A positively charge ion, has fewer electrons than protons.
What is an anion? - Answer A negatively charged ion, has more electrons than protons.
_________ orbitals have a spherical shape. - Answer S
What is a node within an orbital? - Answer A region where the probability of finding an
electron is zero.
__________ orbitals have a dumbbell shape and have 3 possible orientations in space. - Answer
P
On the periodic table, a row is called a ____________, and a column is called a ___________. -
Answer row; group
What is an orbital? - Answer A region of space that is high in electron density.
The outermost electrons are called __________________. - Answer Valence electrons
What is the octet rule? - Answer The tendency to have 8 electrons in the outer-most
(valence) shell, which is a very stable, noble-gas configuration.
, Elements in the same row are similar in __________. - Answer Size
Elements in the same column have similar ____________ and __________ properties. - Answer
Electronic; chemical
What are the characteristics of the noble gases? - Answer Stable, colorless, odorless, and
inert
What is the Aufbau principle? - Answer Orbitals are occupied in order of increasing energy
(1s<2s<2p<3s.......)
What is Pauli's exclusion principle? - Answer Only 2 electrons can occupy an orbital and they
must have opposite spin.
What is Hund's rule? - Answer When there are degenerate orbitals, one electron is added to
each which their spins parallel until all are half full. A second electron with an opposite spin is
then added to each degenerate orbital.
How are ionic bonds formed? - Answer By the transfer of one or more electrons from one
atom to another to create ions, which electrically attract each other.
What ionization energy? - Answer The energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
How are covalent bonds formed? - Answer By the sharing of electrons between 2 nuclei.
How to draw Lewis Structures: - Answer 1. Arrange atoms next to each other that are
bonded together
2. Count the electrons
3. Add the bonds and lone pairs
Molecular formula for Ethylene. - Answer C2H4
Molecular formula for Ethyne (Acetylene) - Answer C2H2
How to calculate formal charges: - Answer valence electrons - (bonds + lone pairs)
What are constitutional isomers? - Answer Compounds that have the same molecular
formula, but different structures
Study Guide Exam with Guaranteed
Pass Solutions.
What is Organic Chemistry? - Answer The study of carbon compounds.
What is atomic number (Z)? - Answer The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
What is mass number (A)? - Answer The total number of protons and neutrons in the
nucleus of an atom.
What is an isotope? - Answer Molecules that have the same atomic numbers but different
mass numbers.
What is a cation? - Answer A positively charge ion, has fewer electrons than protons.
What is an anion? - Answer A negatively charged ion, has more electrons than protons.
_________ orbitals have a spherical shape. - Answer S
What is a node within an orbital? - Answer A region where the probability of finding an
electron is zero.
__________ orbitals have a dumbbell shape and have 3 possible orientations in space. - Answer
P
On the periodic table, a row is called a ____________, and a column is called a ___________. -
Answer row; group
What is an orbital? - Answer A region of space that is high in electron density.
The outermost electrons are called __________________. - Answer Valence electrons
What is the octet rule? - Answer The tendency to have 8 electrons in the outer-most
(valence) shell, which is a very stable, noble-gas configuration.
, Elements in the same row are similar in __________. - Answer Size
Elements in the same column have similar ____________ and __________ properties. - Answer
Electronic; chemical
What are the characteristics of the noble gases? - Answer Stable, colorless, odorless, and
inert
What is the Aufbau principle? - Answer Orbitals are occupied in order of increasing energy
(1s<2s<2p<3s.......)
What is Pauli's exclusion principle? - Answer Only 2 electrons can occupy an orbital and they
must have opposite spin.
What is Hund's rule? - Answer When there are degenerate orbitals, one electron is added to
each which their spins parallel until all are half full. A second electron with an opposite spin is
then added to each degenerate orbital.
How are ionic bonds formed? - Answer By the transfer of one or more electrons from one
atom to another to create ions, which electrically attract each other.
What ionization energy? - Answer The energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
How are covalent bonds formed? - Answer By the sharing of electrons between 2 nuclei.
How to draw Lewis Structures: - Answer 1. Arrange atoms next to each other that are
bonded together
2. Count the electrons
3. Add the bonds and lone pairs
Molecular formula for Ethylene. - Answer C2H4
Molecular formula for Ethyne (Acetylene) - Answer C2H2
How to calculate formal charges: - Answer valence electrons - (bonds + lone pairs)
What are constitutional isomers? - Answer Compounds that have the same molecular
formula, but different structures
