NSG 464 Final Exam Questions and Answers| New Update with 100% Correct Answers
Osteoarthritis (OA) Heberden Nodes (DIP joints) and Bouchard Nodes (PIP joints)
- hard and painless
- flexion and deviation deformities
- MCP rarely involved
- Radial deviation
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Symmetric deformity in PIP, MCP, wrist joints
- Tender, painful, stiff
- DIP, MCP, wrist
- Fusiform or spindle-shaped swelling of PIP joints
- Ulnar deviation
Pain Provocation Test Positive: shoulder pain from 60-120 degrees
Nerve Impingement Sign Press on scapula, raise patient's arm
Hawkins Impingement Sign flex arm and shoulder 90• w/ palm down and rotate arm
internally
-will compress greater tuberosity against coracoacromial ligament
External Rotation Lag Test Flex arm 90 degrees with palm up, rotate into full external
rotation
- Positive: unable to maintain external rotation; supraspinatus and infraspinatus disorder
Internal Rotation Lag Test Ask pt to place dorsum of hand on low back, elbow flexed 90
degrees
- Lift hand off back, further internally rotating shoulder
,- Positive: unable to hold this position; subscapularis disorder
Drop Arm Test Fully abduct arm to shoulder level and lower slowly
- Positive: weakness, supraspinatus rotator cuff tear or bicipital tendinitis
External Rotation Resistance Test Adduct and flex arm 90 degrees with thumb turned up
- apply pressure to wrist
positive: infraspinatus disorder
Empty Can Test Elevate arms to 90° in front of pt and internally rotate arms with thumbs
pointing down; ask pt to resist as you place downward pressure on arms
Positive for Rotator cuff tear if weakness present
Lateral Epicondylitis tennis elbow, characterized by pain on the outer side of the forearm
Medial Epicondylitis golfer's elbow, characterized by pain on the palm-side of the forearm
Colles fracture fracture of the distal radius at the wrist
Scaphoid fracture Anatomical Snuffbox > Radial artery here
Avascular necrosis, most commonly injured wrist bone
Thumb Abduction Test Ask patient to raise the thumb straight up as you apply downward
resistance
Positive test - weakness on thumb abduction
- Most sensitive carpal tunnel test
, Tinel Test Percussion on medial nerve
- Positive: aching and numbing, tingling
Phalen's Sign Hold backs of hands together with wrists in flexion for 60 seconds
- Positive: numbness/tingling
Sensation Test: median nerve pulp of index finger
Sensation Test: ulnar nerve pulp of 5th finger
Sensation Test: radial nerve dorsal web space of thumb and index finger
Torticollis head tilt due to shortening or spasm of one sternomastoid muscle
Spondylolithesis forward slipping of a vertebra over a lower vertebra; may compress spinal
cord
Scoliosis lateral curvature of the spine
spina bifida congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of
vertebral parts
Bulge Sign Minor effusion
- Knee extended, apply pressure to "milk" fluid downward
- Tap knee behind patella
- Positive: fluid wave
Osteoarthritis (OA) Heberden Nodes (DIP joints) and Bouchard Nodes (PIP joints)
- hard and painless
- flexion and deviation deformities
- MCP rarely involved
- Radial deviation
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Symmetric deformity in PIP, MCP, wrist joints
- Tender, painful, stiff
- DIP, MCP, wrist
- Fusiform or spindle-shaped swelling of PIP joints
- Ulnar deviation
Pain Provocation Test Positive: shoulder pain from 60-120 degrees
Nerve Impingement Sign Press on scapula, raise patient's arm
Hawkins Impingement Sign flex arm and shoulder 90• w/ palm down and rotate arm
internally
-will compress greater tuberosity against coracoacromial ligament
External Rotation Lag Test Flex arm 90 degrees with palm up, rotate into full external
rotation
- Positive: unable to maintain external rotation; supraspinatus and infraspinatus disorder
Internal Rotation Lag Test Ask pt to place dorsum of hand on low back, elbow flexed 90
degrees
- Lift hand off back, further internally rotating shoulder
,- Positive: unable to hold this position; subscapularis disorder
Drop Arm Test Fully abduct arm to shoulder level and lower slowly
- Positive: weakness, supraspinatus rotator cuff tear or bicipital tendinitis
External Rotation Resistance Test Adduct and flex arm 90 degrees with thumb turned up
- apply pressure to wrist
positive: infraspinatus disorder
Empty Can Test Elevate arms to 90° in front of pt and internally rotate arms with thumbs
pointing down; ask pt to resist as you place downward pressure on arms
Positive for Rotator cuff tear if weakness present
Lateral Epicondylitis tennis elbow, characterized by pain on the outer side of the forearm
Medial Epicondylitis golfer's elbow, characterized by pain on the palm-side of the forearm
Colles fracture fracture of the distal radius at the wrist
Scaphoid fracture Anatomical Snuffbox > Radial artery here
Avascular necrosis, most commonly injured wrist bone
Thumb Abduction Test Ask patient to raise the thumb straight up as you apply downward
resistance
Positive test - weakness on thumb abduction
- Most sensitive carpal tunnel test
, Tinel Test Percussion on medial nerve
- Positive: aching and numbing, tingling
Phalen's Sign Hold backs of hands together with wrists in flexion for 60 seconds
- Positive: numbness/tingling
Sensation Test: median nerve pulp of index finger
Sensation Test: ulnar nerve pulp of 5th finger
Sensation Test: radial nerve dorsal web space of thumb and index finger
Torticollis head tilt due to shortening or spasm of one sternomastoid muscle
Spondylolithesis forward slipping of a vertebra over a lower vertebra; may compress spinal
cord
Scoliosis lateral curvature of the spine
spina bifida congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of
vertebral parts
Bulge Sign Minor effusion
- Knee extended, apply pressure to "milk" fluid downward
- Tap knee behind patella
- Positive: fluid wave
