CSO EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

CSO EXAM QUESTIONSWITHCORRECT v v v v




ANSWERS 2025/2026 v v




Ageusia - CORRECT ANSWER -Loss or absence of the sense of taste
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Allogenicmarrowtransplantation - CORRECT ANSWER -Transferofmarrowfromdonorto another
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person who is not genetically identical
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Antineoplastic agents - CORRECT ANSWER -Chemical agents (cytotoxics, immuniologic
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preparations, hormones) or medsused to prevent the development, maturation or spread of neoplastic
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cells
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antioxidants - CORRECT ANSWER -molecules (ie.vitamins) that blcok action of activated oxygen
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molecules (free radicals) that can demage cells
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antologous marrow transplantation - CORRECT ANSWER -transfer of marrow from the pt's own
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tissue (from hematopietic stem cells)
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cancer cachexia - CORRECT ANSWER -wt loss, anorexia, wasting, immunosuppression, altered BMR,
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abnormalitis in fluid & energy metabolism, lessening of the body's fat & muscle stores that
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accompanies advanced CA even with adequate nutrition.
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carcinogen - CORRECT ANSWER -an agent (physical, chemical, or viral) that induces CA
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carcinogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER -the origin or development of CA, a multistage, biological
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process that proceeds on a continuum but is often described in stages of initiation, promotion and
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progression
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,cytokines - CORRECT ANSWER -protein mediators produced by inflammatory cells in response to
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exogenous stimuli, produce metabolic changes & wating
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dysgeusia - CORRECT ANSWER -impaired taste v v v v v




graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) - CORRECT ANSWER -a dz caused by the immune response of v v v v v v v v v v v v v




histoincompatible, immunocompetent donor cells against the tissues of an
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immunoincompetent host; an immuniologic reaction of allogeneic donor cells (graft) reacting against v v v v v v v v v v v




the pt (host) tissues
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evidenced by icterus & abnormal liver functions, severe /secretory diarrhea - may need total bowel
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rest --> isomotic, low residue, lactose-free diet --> solids with low lactose, fiber, fat & acideity,
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gastric irritants --> regular diet
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- usually 3 onths after transplant (but may be 7-10 days post)
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hypogeusia - CORRECT ANSWER -decreased taste acuity v v v v v v




initiation - CORRECT ANSWER -the initial stage of tumorigenesis, involving transformation of cellular
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DNA
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malignant neoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER -mass of CA cells that invades surrounding tissues or spreads to
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distant areas of body
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metastasis - CORRECT ANSWER -growth of malignant tissue that spreadsto surrounding tissue or
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organs
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myelosuppression - CORRECT ANSWER -suppression of bone marrow cell production v v v v v v v v v




neutropenia - CORRECT ANSWER -a reduction of WBC (neutrophils) that can be caused by chemo or
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XRT, results in increased susceptibility to life-threatening infections
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, pancytopenia - CORRECT ANSWER -a reduction in all cellular elements of the blood v v v v v v v v v v v v




phytochemicals - CORRECT ANSWER -nonutritive compounds in plants though to influence the processv v v v v v v v v v v v




of tumorigenesis
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progression - CORRECT ANSWER -the phase in which tumor cells aggregate, grow autonomously and
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form benign tumors that eventually lead to malignant phenotype with the capacity for tissue
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invasion & mets
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Promotion - CORRECT ANSWER -The stage of tumorigenesis in which initiated cells are activated by a
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promoting agent to multiply and form a discrete tumor
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radiation-induced enteritis - CORRECT ANSWER -a condition of inflammation that can occur after v v v v v v v v v v v v




XRT to the GI tract & that leads to diarrhea & malabsorption
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staging - CORRECT ANSWER -a classification system known as TNM that is used to identify the
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"extent" of the tumor: its size, the degree of growth & spread; T - size of tumor, N- degree of spread
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to lymph nodes; M- presence of mets
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Tumornecrosisfactor -CORRECT ANSWER -(cachectin,interluckin-1,interleukin-6,interferon-y); a
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hormone-like protein that releases fat from fat stores, reduces the concentration of enzymes
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required for the production and storage of fat & induces a stage of anorexia
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veno-occlusivedisease (VOD) - CORRECT ANSWER -- transplant related complication v v v v v v v v v




- a symptomatic occlusion of the small hepatic venules caused by hepatotoxins & XRT; may
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resolve after removal of the offending agent or may progress to portal HTN & liver failure
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- 1-3 wks post transplant
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-hepatomegaly,ascites, jaundice,hepaticfailure,encephalopathy&multi-organ failure v v v v v v v v