NCE AND CPCE STUDY GUIDE EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What does CACREP stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the Council for the Accreditation and Counseling
Related Educational Programs
What does CCE stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Center for Credentialing and Education, inc
What does REBT stand for and who is the main theorist associated with it? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy; Ellis.
Name Freud's Psychosexual stages of development. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent,
and Genital. (Mnemonic device: Oh, Anthony, Please Let's Go!)
Describe Erik Erikson's stages. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erik Erikson is an Ego psychologist and a disciple
of Freud. His 8 stages focus on social relationships, therefore they are called psychosocial. Each stage
has a crisis that must be overcome in order to move on to the next stage. His stages are Trust v.
Mistrust; Autonomy v. Shame/doubt; Industry v. Inferiority; Initiative vs. Guilt; Identity v. Role
confusion; Intimacy v. Isolation; Generativity vs. Stagnation; Integrity vs. Despair. (Mnemonic device:
The Air In Iceland Is Icy, Greenland Isn't.)
define psychometric. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pertaining to mental testing and measurement
define psychodiagnostic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the study of personality through interpretation of
behavior and non-verbal cues; or labeling a client in a diagnostic category.
define psychopharmacology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the study of the effects drugs have on
psychological functions.
What is the id? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the basic instinct principle in Freudian theory. It is the seat of
aggression and sexual impulse. It is devoid of logic and time orientation. It is chaotic and bodily focused.
,What is the ego? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅this is the reality principle in Freudian theory. It indicates
power of reasoning and control over behavior. It helps keep the impulses of the id in check.
What is the superego? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the superego is the moralistic and idealistic principle in
the Freudian theory.
Which group of theorists believe "if you can't measure it, it doesn't exist"? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Behaviorists. They focus on O.O.B. The observable, objective behaviors. (My AP psych
teacher in HS called it the O.O.B. tampon. gross, but it helped me remember it!)
Who is the only psychoanalyst with a developmental theory that covered the entire lifespan? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Erik Erikson's Psychosocial stages covered the entire lifespan. Each stage has a crisis or
turning point.
What theory is A. A. Brill associated with? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Career theory
Milton H. Erickson is associated with... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Brief psychotherapy and hypnosis.
What field is Jean Piaget associated with? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cognitive Child Development
Who is Jay Haley and what is the nature of his contribution to counseling? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Haley is most famous for his work on strategic and problem-solving therapy, more
specifically with his use of the paradox technique. He also studied with Milton Erickson.
Arnold Lazarus - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅He is a known behavioral therapist who worked specifically with
methods of desensitization and phobias. He is most associated with Multimodal Therapy.
William Perry - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅He is known for his work in adult cognitive development,
specifically with college students. He worked a lot with the concept of "dualistic thinking" among college
students, where everything is either black or white. (Memory technique: think of Katy Perry's song Hot
and Cold to associate Perry with dualism.)
, Ed Neukrug - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Also a cognitive developmentalist. His work is similar to Perry's. He
noted that college students initially think that their professor has all the answers (dualistic), but
gradually get to a more relativistic way of thinking and realize that answers exist that are relative to a
given situation. (Memory technique: "What do you THINK about Ed nuking the rug??" Think= cognitive
dev, Ed Neukrug.)
Robert Kegan - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Yet another adult cognitive developmentalist. SPecifically with
interpersonal development. His theory was called the Constructive Model of Development- people
construct reality throughout the lifespan.
What are Piaget's stages of Cognitive Development in order? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Sensorimotor;
Preoperational; Concrete; Formal. These stages must occur in order, but may be experienced at varying
ages.
What is the major critique of Jean Piaget's research? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅He spent too much time
observing his own kids, and thus drawing his conclusions from a small, specific, population.
Who formulated the very first intelligence test? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Alfred Binet. In France. Oh la
la!
What is a t test? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Also known as the Student's t, it is a statistical test used in
formal experiments to determine if a statistical significance exists between the means of two normally
distributed groups.
Define Conservation. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A substance's mass, weight, and volume remain the same
even if it changes shape. It most likely refers to volume and mass, though. A child who has not mastered
this concept will not have flexible thinking. (Mastered during Piaget's Concrete Operational stage 7-11
years)
Symbolic Schema - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A schema is a system where the child tests out things in the
physical world. An example of a symbolic schema is when a child uses a pie plate as a steering wheel
(because it fits into the schema they have created for "Steering Wheel") This occurs in the
Preoperational Stage.
ANSWERS
What does CACREP stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the Council for the Accreditation and Counseling
Related Educational Programs
What does CCE stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Center for Credentialing and Education, inc
What does REBT stand for and who is the main theorist associated with it? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy; Ellis.
Name Freud's Psychosexual stages of development. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent,
and Genital. (Mnemonic device: Oh, Anthony, Please Let's Go!)
Describe Erik Erikson's stages. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erik Erikson is an Ego psychologist and a disciple
of Freud. His 8 stages focus on social relationships, therefore they are called psychosocial. Each stage
has a crisis that must be overcome in order to move on to the next stage. His stages are Trust v.
Mistrust; Autonomy v. Shame/doubt; Industry v. Inferiority; Initiative vs. Guilt; Identity v. Role
confusion; Intimacy v. Isolation; Generativity vs. Stagnation; Integrity vs. Despair. (Mnemonic device:
The Air In Iceland Is Icy, Greenland Isn't.)
define psychometric. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pertaining to mental testing and measurement
define psychodiagnostic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the study of personality through interpretation of
behavior and non-verbal cues; or labeling a client in a diagnostic category.
define psychopharmacology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the study of the effects drugs have on
psychological functions.
What is the id? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the basic instinct principle in Freudian theory. It is the seat of
aggression and sexual impulse. It is devoid of logic and time orientation. It is chaotic and bodily focused.
,What is the ego? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅this is the reality principle in Freudian theory. It indicates
power of reasoning and control over behavior. It helps keep the impulses of the id in check.
What is the superego? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the superego is the moralistic and idealistic principle in
the Freudian theory.
Which group of theorists believe "if you can't measure it, it doesn't exist"? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Behaviorists. They focus on O.O.B. The observable, objective behaviors. (My AP psych
teacher in HS called it the O.O.B. tampon. gross, but it helped me remember it!)
Who is the only psychoanalyst with a developmental theory that covered the entire lifespan? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Erik Erikson's Psychosocial stages covered the entire lifespan. Each stage has a crisis or
turning point.
What theory is A. A. Brill associated with? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Career theory
Milton H. Erickson is associated with... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Brief psychotherapy and hypnosis.
What field is Jean Piaget associated with? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cognitive Child Development
Who is Jay Haley and what is the nature of his contribution to counseling? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Haley is most famous for his work on strategic and problem-solving therapy, more
specifically with his use of the paradox technique. He also studied with Milton Erickson.
Arnold Lazarus - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅He is a known behavioral therapist who worked specifically with
methods of desensitization and phobias. He is most associated with Multimodal Therapy.
William Perry - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅He is known for his work in adult cognitive development,
specifically with college students. He worked a lot with the concept of "dualistic thinking" among college
students, where everything is either black or white. (Memory technique: think of Katy Perry's song Hot
and Cold to associate Perry with dualism.)
, Ed Neukrug - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Also a cognitive developmentalist. His work is similar to Perry's. He
noted that college students initially think that their professor has all the answers (dualistic), but
gradually get to a more relativistic way of thinking and realize that answers exist that are relative to a
given situation. (Memory technique: "What do you THINK about Ed nuking the rug??" Think= cognitive
dev, Ed Neukrug.)
Robert Kegan - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Yet another adult cognitive developmentalist. SPecifically with
interpersonal development. His theory was called the Constructive Model of Development- people
construct reality throughout the lifespan.
What are Piaget's stages of Cognitive Development in order? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Sensorimotor;
Preoperational; Concrete; Formal. These stages must occur in order, but may be experienced at varying
ages.
What is the major critique of Jean Piaget's research? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅He spent too much time
observing his own kids, and thus drawing his conclusions from a small, specific, population.
Who formulated the very first intelligence test? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Alfred Binet. In France. Oh la
la!
What is a t test? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Also known as the Student's t, it is a statistical test used in
formal experiments to determine if a statistical significance exists between the means of two normally
distributed groups.
Define Conservation. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A substance's mass, weight, and volume remain the same
even if it changes shape. It most likely refers to volume and mass, though. A child who has not mastered
this concept will not have flexible thinking. (Mastered during Piaget's Concrete Operational stage 7-11
years)
Symbolic Schema - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A schema is a system where the child tests out things in the
physical world. An example of a symbolic schema is when a child uses a pie plate as a steering wheel
(because it fits into the schema they have created for "Steering Wheel") This occurs in the
Preoperational Stage.
