COSC 275 FINAL EXAM PALMER 2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | A+ GRADED | WITH
EXPERT SOLUTIONS
Estimating - (answer)The process of determining the anticipated cost of materials, labor, and equipment
of a proposed project.
Take-off - (answer)The process in which detailed lists are compiled, based on drawings and
specifications, of all the material and equipment necessary to construct a project. The cost estimator
uses this list to calculate how much it will cost to build the project.
Quantities - (answer)Measured amounts of construction items expressed in their customary units.
Quantification - (answer)In estimating an activity to translate project scope information into resource
quantities suitable for
Quantity survey - (answer)A detailed analysis of material and equipment required to construct a project.
Area - (answer)A measurement of a given planar region or of the surface of a solid.
Area method - (answer)A construction cost estimating system employing unit square foot costs
multiplied by the adjusted gross floor area of a building.
Length - (answer)The longest dimension of an object.
Linear measurement - (answer)A unit or system of units for measuring length: 12" = 1',
3' = 1 yard, 1 yard = 0.9144 meters, 1 mile = 5,280 feet.
Dimension - (answer)A distance between two points, lines, or planes.
Specifications - (answer)Documents that define the qualitative requirements for products, materials,
and workmanship upon which the contract for construction is based.
, COSC 275 FINAL EXAM PALMER 2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | A+ GRADED | WITH
EXPERT SOLUTIONS
Drawings - (answer)Graphic illustrations depicting the dimensions, design, and location of a project.
Generally including plans, elevations, details, diagrams, schedules, and sections.
Addendum - (answer)A document describing an addition, change, correction, or modification to contract
documents. An addendum is issued by the design professional during the bidding period or prior to the
award of contract, and is the primary method of informing bidders of modifications to the work during
the bidding process. Addenda become part of the contract documents.
Amendment - (answer)A modification of the contract by a subsequent agreement. This does not change
the entire existing contract but does alter the terms of the affected provisions or requirements.
Grade - (answer)The surface or level of the ground.
Level - (answer)A term used to describe any horizontal surface that has all points at the same elevation
and thus does not tilt or slope.
Site - (answer)The location of a project geographically, usually defined by legal boundaries.
Elevation - (answer)A vertical distance relative to a reference point.
Cut and fill - (answer)An operation commonly used in road building and other rock and earth-moving
operations in which the material excavated and removed from one location is used as fill material at
another location.
Fill - (answer)The soil or other material used to raise the grade of a site area.
Foundation - (answer)The entire masonry substructure below the first floor or frame of a building,
including the footing upon which the building rests.
EXPERT SOLUTIONS
Estimating - (answer)The process of determining the anticipated cost of materials, labor, and equipment
of a proposed project.
Take-off - (answer)The process in which detailed lists are compiled, based on drawings and
specifications, of all the material and equipment necessary to construct a project. The cost estimator
uses this list to calculate how much it will cost to build the project.
Quantities - (answer)Measured amounts of construction items expressed in their customary units.
Quantification - (answer)In estimating an activity to translate project scope information into resource
quantities suitable for
Quantity survey - (answer)A detailed analysis of material and equipment required to construct a project.
Area - (answer)A measurement of a given planar region or of the surface of a solid.
Area method - (answer)A construction cost estimating system employing unit square foot costs
multiplied by the adjusted gross floor area of a building.
Length - (answer)The longest dimension of an object.
Linear measurement - (answer)A unit or system of units for measuring length: 12" = 1',
3' = 1 yard, 1 yard = 0.9144 meters, 1 mile = 5,280 feet.
Dimension - (answer)A distance between two points, lines, or planes.
Specifications - (answer)Documents that define the qualitative requirements for products, materials,
and workmanship upon which the contract for construction is based.
, COSC 275 FINAL EXAM PALMER 2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | A+ GRADED | WITH
EXPERT SOLUTIONS
Drawings - (answer)Graphic illustrations depicting the dimensions, design, and location of a project.
Generally including plans, elevations, details, diagrams, schedules, and sections.
Addendum - (answer)A document describing an addition, change, correction, or modification to contract
documents. An addendum is issued by the design professional during the bidding period or prior to the
award of contract, and is the primary method of informing bidders of modifications to the work during
the bidding process. Addenda become part of the contract documents.
Amendment - (answer)A modification of the contract by a subsequent agreement. This does not change
the entire existing contract but does alter the terms of the affected provisions or requirements.
Grade - (answer)The surface or level of the ground.
Level - (answer)A term used to describe any horizontal surface that has all points at the same elevation
and thus does not tilt or slope.
Site - (answer)The location of a project geographically, usually defined by legal boundaries.
Elevation - (answer)A vertical distance relative to a reference point.
Cut and fill - (answer)An operation commonly used in road building and other rock and earth-moving
operations in which the material excavated and removed from one location is used as fill material at
another location.
Fill - (answer)The soil or other material used to raise the grade of a site area.
Foundation - (answer)The entire masonry substructure below the first floor or frame of a building,
including the footing upon which the building rests.
