KINS 3545 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS
Normal action movement - ANS insertion pulled toward a fixed origin
ex. lying hamstring curl, lat pulldown, chest press
reverse action movement - ANS origin pulled towards a fixed insertion
ex. nordic curl, pull up, push up
muscle roles - ANS agonist
antagonist
synergist/stabilizer/fixator/neutralizer
muscle roles: agonist - ANS The active muscle(s) that drives the action / motion being
performed.
bicep curl - biceps
leg extension - quads
bench - pecs, anterior delts, triceps
trap bar deadlift - quads (at knee), glutes (at hip)
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,muscle roles: antagonist - ANS The passive muscles that would oppose the action if
contracted
bicep curl - triceps
leg extension - hamstrings
bench - lats, rhomboids
trap bar deadlift - hip flexors
muscle roles: synergist/stabilizer - ANS Includes all active muscles that indirectly assist the
prime movers
bench press- rotator cuff, legs (leg drive), fingers
trap bar deadlift - hamstrings (they extend the hip (agonist) and flex the knee (antagonist))
can the (typically agonist) role of a muscle change during an exercise? - ANS no! agonist stays
the same muscle throughout the whole exercise
ex: bicep curl
upward phase → biceps shorten to flex the elbow.
downward phase → biceps lengthen under tension to control the descent.
triceps aren't the agonist on way down, would cause arm to fling back uncontrolled.
agonist = muscle that produces AND controls the motion.
eccentric = same agonist, just resisting instead of creating movement
how to ID if a muscle is active - ANS
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, eccentric contraction importanct aspects - ANS Greater force capacity than concentric
Lower neurological activity
Lower metabolic demands
More muscle damage/DOMS (24-72 hrs post-exercise).
active muscle movement - ANS movement caused by voluntary contraction (concentric,
eccentric, isometric)
passive muscle movement - ANS movement at a joint without any muscle contraction (NOT a
contraction type)
concentric contraction - ANS Muscle forcefully shortens
Muscle Force > Resistance
isometric contraction - ANS Muscle pulls but no movement occurs
Muscle Force = Resistance
eccentric contraction - ANS Muscle forcefully lengthens
Muscle Force < Resistance
aspects of eccentric contractions - ANS Greater force capacity than concentric ****
Lower neurological activity
Lower metabolic demands
More muscle damage/DOMS (24-72 hrs post-exercise).
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
ANSWERS 100% PASS
Normal action movement - ANS insertion pulled toward a fixed origin
ex. lying hamstring curl, lat pulldown, chest press
reverse action movement - ANS origin pulled towards a fixed insertion
ex. nordic curl, pull up, push up
muscle roles - ANS agonist
antagonist
synergist/stabilizer/fixator/neutralizer
muscle roles: agonist - ANS The active muscle(s) that drives the action / motion being
performed.
bicep curl - biceps
leg extension - quads
bench - pecs, anterior delts, triceps
trap bar deadlift - quads (at knee), glutes (at hip)
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,muscle roles: antagonist - ANS The passive muscles that would oppose the action if
contracted
bicep curl - triceps
leg extension - hamstrings
bench - lats, rhomboids
trap bar deadlift - hip flexors
muscle roles: synergist/stabilizer - ANS Includes all active muscles that indirectly assist the
prime movers
bench press- rotator cuff, legs (leg drive), fingers
trap bar deadlift - hamstrings (they extend the hip (agonist) and flex the knee (antagonist))
can the (typically agonist) role of a muscle change during an exercise? - ANS no! agonist stays
the same muscle throughout the whole exercise
ex: bicep curl
upward phase → biceps shorten to flex the elbow.
downward phase → biceps lengthen under tension to control the descent.
triceps aren't the agonist on way down, would cause arm to fling back uncontrolled.
agonist = muscle that produces AND controls the motion.
eccentric = same agonist, just resisting instead of creating movement
how to ID if a muscle is active - ANS
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, eccentric contraction importanct aspects - ANS Greater force capacity than concentric
Lower neurological activity
Lower metabolic demands
More muscle damage/DOMS (24-72 hrs post-exercise).
active muscle movement - ANS movement caused by voluntary contraction (concentric,
eccentric, isometric)
passive muscle movement - ANS movement at a joint without any muscle contraction (NOT a
contraction type)
concentric contraction - ANS Muscle forcefully shortens
Muscle Force > Resistance
isometric contraction - ANS Muscle pulls but no movement occurs
Muscle Force = Resistance
eccentric contraction - ANS Muscle forcefully lengthens
Muscle Force < Resistance
aspects of eccentric contractions - ANS Greater force capacity than concentric ****
Lower neurological activity
Lower metabolic demands
More muscle damage/DOMS (24-72 hrs post-exercise).
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
