ENGELS: MODULE 1 + 2
Syllabus : English Grammer and Communicati on Skills
Chapter 1: Verb tenses
1. Present tenses
1.1 The simple present
Form: base form of the verb -> 3th person singular + s / + es
I play go
you play go
he / she / it plays goes
we play go
you play go
they play go
Negative forms: do not / don’t + the base form of a verb -> 3th person singular does not / doesn’t
I do not play – I don’t play
She does not play – She doesn’t play
Interrogative forms (?): do + the base form of a verb -> 3th person singular: does + the base form of
a verb
Do you know the answer?
1
,Does she know the answer?
Basic uses of the simple present:
- A permanent fact: I live in Antwerp.
- A general truth: The sun rises in the east.
- Repeated actions, routines and habits: The old man walks his dog every morning.
-> Typical time expressions with the simple present are always, often, usually, sometimes,
ever/ never, every day/week/month/year, once/ twice a week.
- Future events seen as part of a timetable: The flight gets in at eight tomorrow morning.
1.2 The present continuous
Form: the present of be + ing-form
I am playing
you are playing
he / she / it is playing
we are playing
you are playing
they are paying
Negative forms: do not / don’t + the base form of a verb -> 3th person singular does not / doesn’t
I am not playing – I’m not playing
She is not playing – she isn’t playing
Interrogative forms (?): the first thing in the sentence has to be a form of the verb ‘to be’
Am I playing?
Is she playing?
Basic uses of the simple present
- An action going on at the moment of speaking (not finished yet): Hurry up. Your friends are
waiting for you.
- An action happening around now (not necessarily at this exact moment): He is teaching
German nowadays.
- A temporary situation in the present: She’s living at her aunt’s until she has found a peace of
her own.
- A gradual development in the present: He is growing older.
2
, -> Typical time expressions with the present continuous are now, at the moment, at present
and just.
Special uses of the present continuous
- Irritation about repeated actions: He is always losing his keys.
- A definite future arrangement: I’m meeting Sarah tomorrow.
1.3 Active verbs and stative verbs
- Action verbs = physical actions, reporting, thinking: usually can be used in continuous
- Stative verbs = describe a state: normally not used in continuous
Example of stative verbs
- Senses ( involuntary): see, hear, smell, …
- Feelings/ emotions: love, hate,…
- Mental activity: know, believe, remember, …
- Possession: belong, own, possess, …
- Miscellaneous: appear, consist, matter, seem, …
Exercises
P. 14 – 15
Translate
1. Wat doe je gewoonlijk op zondag?
What do you usually do on Sundays?
2. Wat denk je van onze nieuwe collega?
What do you think of our new colleague?
3. Hoe laat sluiten de banken in Groot-Brittannië?
What time do banks close in Great Britain?
4. Waaraan denk je?
What are you thinking of?
5. Wat betekent dit woord? – Ik heb geen flauw idee. Waarom zoek je het niet op in het
woordenboek?
What does this word mean? – I don’t have the faintest / foggiest idea. Why don’t you look it
up in a dictionary?
6. Waarom maak jij toch altijd dezelfde fout?
Why are you always making the same mistakes?
7. We maken goede vorderingen.
We are making good progress.
8. Wij vertrekken een grote verscheidenheid van diensten.
3
, We provide a great diversity of services.
9. We geven een korting van 5% op grote bestellingen, maar deze korting is slechts tijdelijk.
We’re offering / granting a 5% discount on large orders, but this discount is only temporary.
10. Ze zit voortdurend te klagen over het werk dat ze moet doen.
She is forever / continually / always complaining about the work she had to do.
2. Past tenses
2.1 The simple past
Form: base + (e)d OR irregular verbs!
I played
you played
he / she / it played
we played
you played
they played
Negative forms: did not / didn’t + infinitive
She didn’t work yesterday. / She did not work yesterday.
Interrogative forms (?): Did + subject + infinitive
Did you see him?
Basic uses of the simple past
- Actions that happened and finished in the past: I visited Paris last year.
- A sequence of event In the past: She came in, sat down and started to talk.
- Past habits: He always played outside when he was a child.
2.2 The past continuous
Form: The simple past of to be + the ing-form of the verb
I was playing
you were playing
he / she / it was playing
we were playing
you were playing
they were playing
Basic use of the past continuous
4
Syllabus : English Grammer and Communicati on Skills
Chapter 1: Verb tenses
1. Present tenses
1.1 The simple present
Form: base form of the verb -> 3th person singular + s / + es
I play go
you play go
he / she / it plays goes
we play go
you play go
they play go
Negative forms: do not / don’t + the base form of a verb -> 3th person singular does not / doesn’t
I do not play – I don’t play
She does not play – She doesn’t play
Interrogative forms (?): do + the base form of a verb -> 3th person singular: does + the base form of
a verb
Do you know the answer?
1
,Does she know the answer?
Basic uses of the simple present:
- A permanent fact: I live in Antwerp.
- A general truth: The sun rises in the east.
- Repeated actions, routines and habits: The old man walks his dog every morning.
-> Typical time expressions with the simple present are always, often, usually, sometimes,
ever/ never, every day/week/month/year, once/ twice a week.
- Future events seen as part of a timetable: The flight gets in at eight tomorrow morning.
1.2 The present continuous
Form: the present of be + ing-form
I am playing
you are playing
he / she / it is playing
we are playing
you are playing
they are paying
Negative forms: do not / don’t + the base form of a verb -> 3th person singular does not / doesn’t
I am not playing – I’m not playing
She is not playing – she isn’t playing
Interrogative forms (?): the first thing in the sentence has to be a form of the verb ‘to be’
Am I playing?
Is she playing?
Basic uses of the simple present
- An action going on at the moment of speaking (not finished yet): Hurry up. Your friends are
waiting for you.
- An action happening around now (not necessarily at this exact moment): He is teaching
German nowadays.
- A temporary situation in the present: She’s living at her aunt’s until she has found a peace of
her own.
- A gradual development in the present: He is growing older.
2
, -> Typical time expressions with the present continuous are now, at the moment, at present
and just.
Special uses of the present continuous
- Irritation about repeated actions: He is always losing his keys.
- A definite future arrangement: I’m meeting Sarah tomorrow.
1.3 Active verbs and stative verbs
- Action verbs = physical actions, reporting, thinking: usually can be used in continuous
- Stative verbs = describe a state: normally not used in continuous
Example of stative verbs
- Senses ( involuntary): see, hear, smell, …
- Feelings/ emotions: love, hate,…
- Mental activity: know, believe, remember, …
- Possession: belong, own, possess, …
- Miscellaneous: appear, consist, matter, seem, …
Exercises
P. 14 – 15
Translate
1. Wat doe je gewoonlijk op zondag?
What do you usually do on Sundays?
2. Wat denk je van onze nieuwe collega?
What do you think of our new colleague?
3. Hoe laat sluiten de banken in Groot-Brittannië?
What time do banks close in Great Britain?
4. Waaraan denk je?
What are you thinking of?
5. Wat betekent dit woord? – Ik heb geen flauw idee. Waarom zoek je het niet op in het
woordenboek?
What does this word mean? – I don’t have the faintest / foggiest idea. Why don’t you look it
up in a dictionary?
6. Waarom maak jij toch altijd dezelfde fout?
Why are you always making the same mistakes?
7. We maken goede vorderingen.
We are making good progress.
8. Wij vertrekken een grote verscheidenheid van diensten.
3
, We provide a great diversity of services.
9. We geven een korting van 5% op grote bestellingen, maar deze korting is slechts tijdelijk.
We’re offering / granting a 5% discount on large orders, but this discount is only temporary.
10. Ze zit voortdurend te klagen over het werk dat ze moet doen.
She is forever / continually / always complaining about the work she had to do.
2. Past tenses
2.1 The simple past
Form: base + (e)d OR irregular verbs!
I played
you played
he / she / it played
we played
you played
they played
Negative forms: did not / didn’t + infinitive
She didn’t work yesterday. / She did not work yesterday.
Interrogative forms (?): Did + subject + infinitive
Did you see him?
Basic uses of the simple past
- Actions that happened and finished in the past: I visited Paris last year.
- A sequence of event In the past: She came in, sat down and started to talk.
- Past habits: He always played outside when he was a child.
2.2 The past continuous
Form: The simple past of to be + the ing-form of the verb
I was playing
you were playing
he / she / it was playing
we were playing
you were playing
they were playing
Basic use of the past continuous
4
